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Kitsuse and .
Aaron Cicourel and John Kitsuse 1963 ethno-methodology study in American schools.

JI and .
The Jemaah Islamiyah ( JI ) militant Islamic organization that aspired for the establishment of a Daulah Islamiyah that encompassed whole Southeast Asia including Indonesia, is responsible for series of terrorist attacks in Indonesia.
Jemaah Islamiyah means " Islamic Group " or " Islamic Community " and is often abbreviated JI.
# Flexible Mechanisms: The " flexibility " mechanisms which the United States had strongly favored when the Protocol was initially put together, including emissions trading ; Joint Implementation ( JI ); and the Clean Development Mechanism ( CDM ) which allow industrialized countries to fund emissions reduction activities in developing countries as an alternative to domestic emission reductions.
Tuesday 22 October-Omar al-Faruq allegedly tells CIA bin Laden transferred nearly US $ 135, 000 to JI for purchase of explosives from Indonesian military sources.
Saturday 30 November-Australian Police now claim JI operating in Indonesia.
Jemaah Islamiah (, al-Jamāʿat ul-Islāmíyatu, meaning " Islamic Congregation ", frequently abbreviated JI ), is a Southeast Asian militant Islamist organization dedicated to the establishment of a Daulah Islamiyah ( regional Islamic caliphate ) in Southeast Asia incorporating Indonesia, Malaysia, the southern Philippines, Singapore and Brunei.
JI was added to the United Nations 1267 Committee's list of terrorist organizations linked to al-Qaeda or the Taliban on 25 October 2002 under UN Security Council Resolution 1267.
JI has its roots in Darul Islam ( DI, meaning " House of Islam "), a radical Islamist / anti-colonialist movement in Indonesia in the 1940s.
The JI was formally founded on January 1, 1993, by JI leaders, Abu Bakar Bashir and Abdullah Sungkar while hiding in Malaysia from the persecution of the Suharto government.
After the fall of the Suharto regime in 1998, both men returned to Indonesia where JI gained a terrorist edge when one of its founders, the late Abdullah Sungkar, established contact with Osama Bin Laden's al-Qaeda network.
JI ’ s violent operations began during the communal conflicts in Maluku and Poso.
JI ’ s terror plans in Southeast Asia were exposed when its plot to set off several bombs in Singapore was foiled by the local authorities.
Recruiting, training, indoctrination, financial and operational links between the JI and other militant groups, such as al-Qaeda, the Abu Sayyaf Group ( ASG ), the Moro Islamic Liberation Front ( MILF ), the Misuari Renegade / Breakaway Group ( MRG / MBG ) and the Philippine Rajah Sulaiman movement ( RSM ) have existed for many years, and continue to this day.
The Bali and JW Marriott attacks showed that JI did not rule out attacking the same target more than once.
The JI also has been directly and indirectly involved in dozens of bombings in the southern Philippines, usually in league with the ASG.
The JI was established as a loose confederation of several Islamic groups.
Back in Southeast Asia, the members of JI distributed pamphlets.
In 2003, Indonesian police confirmed ' the existence of Mantiqe IV "- the JI regional cell " which covers Irian Jaya and Australia.
In April 2008, the South Jakarta District Court declared JI an illegal organisation when sentencing former leader Zarkasih and military commander Abu Dujana to 15 years on terrorism charges.
* December 24, 2000, JI took part in a major coordinated terror strike, the Christmas Eve 2000 bombings.
* March 12, 2000, 3 JI members are arrested in Manila carrying plastic explosives in their luggage.
The attack known as the 2002 Bali Bombing is the most deadly attack executed by JI to date.
* A British-born Australian named Jack Roche confessed to being part of a JI plot to blow up the Israeli embassy in Canberra, Australia on 28 May 2004.
* JI are widely suspected of being responsible for the bombing outside the Australian embassy in Jakarta on September 9, 2004, which killed 11 Indonesians and wounded over 160 more.

JI and social
The JI opposes Western Ideologies such as capitalism, socialism and secularism, and practices such as bank interest and liberalist social mores but party advocates Democracy as integral part of Islamic political ideals.

JI and 4
Riduan Isamuddin also transliterated as Riduan Isamudin, Riduan Isomuddin, and Riduan Isomudin, better known by the nom de guerre Hambali, born as Encep Nurjaman, born April 4, 1964 ( Indonesia ) is the former military leader of the Indonesian terrorist organization Jemaah Islamiyah ( JI ), which is linked with Al Qaeda.

Spector and M
Writers known for writing in this genre include Clive Barker, Poppy Z. Brite, Jack Ketchum, Joe R. Lansdale, Richard Laymon, Richard Christian Matheson, Robert McCammon, David J. Schow, John Skipp, Craig Spector, Edward Lee and A. M. Homes.
Die Ärzte, The Cure, Blink-182, Justice live, Rise Against, The Stone Roses, Mumford & Sons, Sportfreunde Stiller, The Kooks, The xx, New Order, Noel Gallagher's High Flying Birds, Wolfmother, LaBrassBanda, Casper, Katzenjammer, Kettcar, The Mars Volta, The Shins, Broilers, Florence and The Machine, Madsen, Garbage, Thees Uhlmann & Band, Eagles Of Death Metal, The Temper Trap, Beirut, Bosse, Bonaparte, Boy, Kraftklub, Ed Sheeran, K. I. Z., City And Colour, Bat For Lashes, Jennifer Rostock, Frank Turner & The Sleeping Souls, Royal Republic, Pennywise, Lagwagon, M83, Hot Water Music, Mad Caddies, La Vela Puerca, Kakkmaddafakka, The Vaccines, Less Than Jake, Zebrahead, My Morning Jacket, All Shall Perish, My Morning Jacket, The Dø, Adept, Selah Sue, The Bronx, La Dispute, Little Dragon, Disco Ensemble, Band Of Skulls, GusGus, Nneka, Bombay Bicycle Club, M. Ward, Die Antwoord, Spector, Black Box Revelation, Young Guns, Other Lives, Twin Shadow, The Computers, Nerina Pallot, Switchfoot, Eastern Conference Champions, Kurt Vile & The Violators, All The Young, Hoffmaestro, Golden Kanine, Turbowolf, We Are Augustines, Willy Moon, Alt-J, Casting Louis
* Spector KR, Boyle M: The prevalence and perceived aetiology of male sexual problems in a non-clinical sample.

Spector and .
Some sort of nemesis was haunting his footsteps, he told us in a quavering voice -- either an ape specter or Abe Spector, a process-server, we couldn't determine which.
Norman Spector called, in The Globe and Mail, for Prime Minister Stephen Harper to address the issue of the act's bar on Catholics, saying that Phillips ' marriage to Kelly would be the first time the provisions of the act would bear directly on Canada – Phillips would be barred from acceding to the Canadian throne because he married a Roman Catholic Canadian.
By 1968 Parsons had come to the attention of The Byrds ' bassist, Chris Hillman, via Larry Spector ( The Byrds ' business manager ), as a possible replacement band member following the departures of David Crosby and Michael Clarke from the group in late 1967.
Ramone produced the Ronnie Spector album She Talks to Rainbows in 1999.
Along with Phil Spector, Brian Wilson, and Lee Hazlewood, Berry enjoyed a reputation as one of the best record producers on the West Coast.
Some historians of music have pointed to important and innovative developments that built on rock and roll in this period, including multitrack recording, developed by Les Paul, the electronic treatment of sound by such innovators as Joe Meek, and the Wall of Sound productions of Phil Spector, continued desegregation of the charts, the rise of surf music, garage rock and the Twist dance craze.
Produced by Phil Spector, the record is often cited as one of the peak expressions of Spector's Wall of Sound production techniques.
Spector used Cher ( of Sonny & Cher fame ) as a backing singer on this and other recordings.
However, the singers did not get along well with Spector personally and their contract was sold on to Verve / MGM Records in 1965.
Their next release in 1966, "( You're My ) Soul and Inspiration " was a Phil Spector sound-alike song, produced by Bill Medley, who was able to fully simulate the Spector style of production.
It was written by Cynthia Weil and Barry Mann who had co-written " Loving Feeling " with Spector.
The Rolling Stone Illustrated History of Rock and Roll states that the music Orbison made in Nashville " brought a new splendor to rock ", and compared the melodramatic effects of the orchestral accompaniment to the music production of Phil Spector.
The same year, Orbison was inducted into the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame and initiated into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame by Bruce Springsteen, who concluded his speech with a reference to his own song " Thunder Road ": " I wanted a record with words like Bob Dylan that sounded like Phil Spector — but, most of all, I wanted to sing like Roy Orbison.
Among the most famous early independent producers are the famed songwriting-production duo Leiber & Stoller, " Wall of Sound " creator Phil Spector and British studio pioneer Joe Meek.
Although many of Spector's s productions were credited to acts such as The Ronettes, The Crystals, the Righteous Brothers, the Paris Sisters and Bob B. Soxx & the Blue Jeans, in reality they were created using a crack team of top-rank Los Angeles session players ( now known as " The Wrecking Crew ") and often featured an interchangeable lineup of lead singers, including Ronnie Spector and Darlene Love.
It is credited to " Ike & Tina Turner ", but it is now well known that Ike Turner was paid $ 20, 000 to stay away from the sessions ; the backing track was in fact performed by the Wrecking Crew, and the backing vocals were provided by a chorus of 21 singers — Ikettes Janice Singleton and Diane Rutherford and most of the female singers on Spector's roster, including Ronnie Spector, Darlene Love and Cher.
Instead producers could manipulate sounds to an unprecedented degree and producers like Spector and Martin were soon creating recordings that were, in practical terms, almost impossible to realise in live performance.
Examples of such engineers includes George Martin, Joe Meek, Teo Macero, Phil Spector, Brian Wilson, and Biddu.
Some considered the sound to be mechanistic but producers and songwriters such as Phil Spector brought artistic judgement to the three minute tunes.
After smuggling cocaine from Mexico to Los Angeles, Wyatt and Billy sell their contraband to " Connection ," a man ( played by Phil Spector ) in a Rolls-Royce and score a large sum of money.
Early influences on his music included not only the previously mentioned Four Freshmen and Chuck Berry, but also the work of record producer Phil Spector, with whose production technique Wilson became obsessed for years.
Described by engineer Earle Mankey as a " frighteningly accurate album " and " sort of like Eraserhead " in comparison to Wilson's lush 1960s oeuvre, the album's playful lyrics ( alternately invoking Johnny Carson, Phil Spector and adolescent interests ) and stark instrumentation ( featuring Moog bass lines and gated reverb-drenched drum patterns reflective of contemporaneous work by David Bowie and Tony Visconti ) failed to impact an audience sated on the ubiquitous Endless Summer sound.
Lee Spector, Jon Klein, Chris Perry and Mark Feinstein studied the emergence of collective behavior in evolutionary computation systems.

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