Key events include the capture and execution of Pedro de Valdivia ; the death of the hero Lautaro in the Battle of Mataquito, and the execution of Caupolicán the Toqui for leading the revolt of the Araucanians ( thanks to betrayal by one of their own ); the encounter with a sorcerer who takes the narrator for a flight above the earth to see events happening in Europe and the Middle East ; and the encounter with an Indian woman ( Glaura ) searching for her husband amongst the dead after a battlefield.

Although Ercilla's purpose was to glorify Spanish arms, the figures of Araucanian chiefs, the strong Caupolicán, the brilliant Lautaro, the old and wise Colocolo and the proud Galvarino, have proved the most memorable.

* 1557 – Mapuche leader Lautaro is killed by Spanish forces at the Battle of Mataquito in Chile.

Valdivia died at the Battle of Tucapel, defeated by Lautaro, a young Mapuche toqui ( war chief ), but the European conquest was well underway.

* Foundation of the Lautaro Lodge by Francisco de Miranda, membership will include many independence leaders such as Bernardo O ' Higgins and José de San Martín.

* April 30 – Arauco War: Battle of Mataquito: Spanish forces of the Governor Francisco de Villagra launch a dawn surprise attack against the Mapuche headed by their toqui Lautaro in present-day Chile.

As each successive wave of attackers was wiped out or beaten off by the Spaniards, Lautaro sent another, until the entire Spanish company was massacred.

The latter flag appears to be waved by the chief Lautaro in the best-known artistic representation of it, created by painter Peter Subercaseaux.

But after Alvear was overthrown, power was taken by members of the Lautaro Lodge, forcing Carrera to leave Buenos Aires for the United States.

On 3 June, Lieutenant Chris Marwood's Reconnaissance Troop of 42 CDO, accompanying the 3 Commando Brigade Forward Air Control team commanded by Flight Lieutenant Dennis Marshall-Hasdell, encountered an RI 4 fighting patrol ( Second Lieutenant Lautaro Jiménez Corvalán 3rd Platoon of B Company from Mount Harriet ). The Recce Troop opened fire and two conscripts ( Privates Celso Paez and Roberto Ledesma ) were instantly killed, and an NCO ( Corporal Nicolas Odorcic ) went down, wounded by a head shot by one of the Marine snipers as he took cover among the rocks.

It is widely believed that both men were members of Masonic societies, and the outcome of the meeting might have been arranged by hidden players, however this has been denied by the Great Masonic Lodges See Lautaro Lodge.

José de San Martín, with the members of the Logia Lautaro ( Lautaro Lodge ) and the Sociedad Patriótica ( Patriotic Society ) which was formed by morenistas coincided on giving privilege to the organization of a liberation army and declaration of Independence.

Founded in 1924 by the Lautaro Nitrate Company Ltd., Chacabuco soon fell into ruin as the nitrate mining boom in Chile came to an abrupt halt at the end of the 1930 ’ s.

He was initiated in 1803 in the Masonic Lodge Lautaro which operated in Cadiz, Spain.

The name made reference to Mapuche leader Lautaro, which made sense in Santiago de Chile in the 1817-1820 period, but not in Buenos Aires in 1812 and much less in Europe.

There are 162 communes in Chile which have a street bearing his name, outnumbering " Manuel Rodríguez " ( 158 ), " Gabriela Mistral " ( 134 ) and " Lautaro " ( 116 ).

* December 25 – Battle of Tucapel: Mapuche rebels under Lautaro defeat the Spanish conquistadors and execute Pedro de Valdivia, the first Royal Governor of Chile.

Valdivia had earlier captured and presumably made friends with Lautaro, an Araucanian youth who became his groom.

According to an even later legend, Lautaro took Valdivia to the Mapuche camp and put him to death after three days of torture, extracting his beating heart and eating it with the Mapuche leaders.

The Lautaro Lodge had already made plans that, in case of defeat, all political enemies — including the Carrera brothers — would be executed.

* 1554 – Mapuche forces, under the leadership of Lautaro, score a victory over the Spanish at the Battle of Marihueñu in Chile.

Toward the end of 1553, the Araucanians under Lautaro revolted and they fell on the over-extended Spanish forces in the south.

* Lautaro Parra ( b. 1928 )-Folklore musician

The Lautaro Lodge () was a revolutionary secret lodge active in Latin American politics in the 19th Century.

Although the lodge is most commonly known as " Lautaro ", it did not employ that name during all of its existence.

Historian Vicente Fidel López points that " Lautaro " was really a masonic code meaning " Expedition to Chile ", but similarly, Chile was not a military target for Buenos Aires in 1812.

Although the secrecy makes difficult to investigate the purposes or even the name, Alcibíades Lappas considers instead that the lodge was named " Lodge of Rational Knights " in 1812, just like the Cádiz one, and that San Martín renamed it " Lautaro " when he recreated it in 1815, after the fall of Alvear.

Because of his more personal and Chilean-national point of view about Chilean independence, Carrera came and came into conflict with the Lautaro Lodge, whose more Latin-Americanist centered objective was to unite all Latin America in the same way as the United States of America.

As San Martín was a member of the Lautaro Lodge, he welcomed O ' Higgins and his allies — but not the Carreras, especially as San Martin believed that because of his charisma and popularity, José Miguel represented a potential rival.

While in Montevideo, his brothers Juan José and Luís plotted against O ' Higgins, because of his having betrayed the Carreras to San Martin and the Lautaro Lodge.

That same year she secretly married Eugene Wetherell ( d. 1889 ) and they returned to the United States, where she remained for the rest of her life.

For Adolf Hitler, the circumstance was no dilemma, because the Drang nach Osten (" Drive towards the East ") policy secretly remained in force, culminating on 18 December 1940 with Directive No. 21, Operation Barbarossa, approved on 3 February 1941, and scheduled for mid-May 1941.

Many Jews remained secretly Jewish, in danger of persecution by the Portuguese Inquisition.

However, thousands remained, and the ROC continued to supply and command them, even secretly supplying reinforcements at times.

She only remained a week before returning to Vienna and secretly marrying Arthur on 12 June 1876.

This would leave Brainiac itself with no time to escape, so it told the elders that Jor-El was mistaken and that the quakes were the result of a polar shift and secretly downloaded itself and all of Krypton's culture and knowledge information onto a satellite and jettisoned it out of Krypton's orbit, while Kryptonian civilization ( save for Jor-El and his family ) remained unaware of the planet's peril until it was too late to evacuate.

Although much of Kidd's treasure was recovered from various people who had taken possession of it before Kidd's arrest ( such as his wife and various others who were given it for safe keeping ), there was so much public interest and fascination with the case at the time, speculation grew that a vast fortune remained and that Kidd had secretly buried it.

Those who remained in Germany were forbidden to work at universities and were subject to surprise raids by the Gestapo in order to ensure that they were not violating the ban on producing artwork ; Nolde secretly carried on painting, but using only watercolors ( so as not to be betrayed by the telltale odor of oil paint ).

Piso did not openly declare support for Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus and remained neutral but is widely believed he secretly supported Pompey but still did not forfeit the respect of Caesar when Pompey was defeated.

She sent him secretly and under protection of Grithnir and Gethron to the Elven-realm of Doriath ; Morwen remained in Dor-lómin herself, and shortly afterwards Túrin's second sister, Nienor, was born.

However, thousands remained, and the ROC continued to supply and command them, even secretly supplying reinforcements at times.

He was born at Besançon and educated at Leuven ; but he secretly left the seminary there, and travelled through Germany to Italy, where he remained several years and was often reduced to poverty.

These divisiosn led to the Samians secretly agreeing to the terms offered by the Persians, but remained with the other Ionians for the time being.

Brownlow's support for slavery remained unchanged throughout 1860 and 1861, and he and rival editors accused one another of secretly supporting abolitionism.

Henry became the companion and friend of William II's successor King Henry I, and when in 1100 a division took place amongst the barons who had gathered together in the aftermath of the king's sudden death to choose a successor to William II, it was mainly owing to his advice that Henry was selected and when in the following year most of the barons were openly or secretly disloyal and favoured the attempt of Duke Robert to gain the Crown, he and his brother were amongst the few that remained faithful to the King.

In 1898, Eleanor discovered that the ailing Edward Aveling had secretly married a young actress, to whom he remained committed.

However, thousands remained, and the ROC continued to supply and command them, even secretly supplying reinforcements at times.

This ban remained in place until after the Dalai Lama lost power in Tibet during the 1950s, although it was later revealed that the Karmapa had recognized emanations of the Shamarpa secretly during the intervening period.

This, and other disputes between the Gelug and Kagyu schools led to the exile from Tibet of the Shamarpa and a legal ban by the Tibetan government on further Shamarpa incarnations This ban remained in place until after the Dalai Lama lost power in Tibet during the 1950s, although it was later revealed that the Karmapa had recognized reincarnations of the Shamarpa secretly during the intervening period.

Harris and the others secretly moved General Johnston's body to Shiloh Church so as not to cause moral damage to the troops, where his body remained till the Confederate Army withdrew to Corinth, Ms. the next day, April 7, 1862. ending the Battle of Shiloh.

Organa, after witnessing the young Jedi Zett Jukassa being killed by clone troopers, has secretly remained loyal to the Jedi.

Hansi Burg went to Switzerland and then to Great Britain in 1939, but they secretly remained a couple with him even managing to send her financial support.

Ward left Shanghai ( apparently secretly ) in late 1860 for further treatment of his facial wound, while the remnants of the Corps remained more or less under the command of H. A. Burgevine, another American fortune seeker.

Only after the 17th century however would the Calvinist state religion get a firm grip over the vast majority of the northern population of the Netherlands, previously many had still secretly remained loyal to their ancestors ' religion.