During the 1930s and 1940s Joseph Stalin's NKVD carried out numerous assassinations outside of the Soviet Union, such as the killings of Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists leader Yevhen Konovalets, Ignace Poretsky, Fourth International secretary Rudolf Klement, Leon Trotsky, and the Workers ' Party of Marxist Unification ( POUM ) leadership in Catalonia.

The novel alludes to Ivan's own dogs as well as to Borzoi dogs owned by Leon Trotsky and his assassin, Ramón Mercader.

Several of the most prominent revolutionaries, including Leon Trotsky, were of Jewish descent.

Bolshevik revolutionary leader Leon Trotsky commonly used the terms " Bolshevism " and " Bolshevist " after his exile from the Soviet Union to differentiate between what he saw as true Leninism and the state and party as they existed under Joseph Stalin's leadership.

Leon Trotsky at first supported the Mensheviks, but left them in September 1904 over their insistence on an alliance with Russian liberals and their opposition to a reconciliation with Lenin and the Bolsheviks.

Left to right: Leon Trotsky, Vladimir Lenin, and Lev Kamenev

During his trip in Russia, Chiang met Leon Trotsky and other Soviet leaders, but quickly came to the conclusion that the Russian model of government was not suitable for China.

Leon Trotsky criticised this view, stating " our rules represent ' organisational nonconfidence ' of the party toward its parts, that is, supervision over all local, district, national and other organisations ... the organisation of the party takes place of the party itself ; the Central Committee takes the place of the organisation ; and finally the dictator takes the place of the Central Committee.

Following Lenin's forced departure due to ill health, a power struggle began, which involved Nikolai Bukharin, Lev Kamenev, Alexei Rykov, Joseph Stalin, Mikhail Tomsky, Leon Trotsky and Grigory Zinoviev.

For example, Leon Trotsky believed that central planners, regardless of their intellectual capacity, operated without the input and participation of the millions of people who participate in the economy and understand / respond to local conditions and changes in the economy would be unable to effectively coordinate all economic activity.

Central planning has been criticized by socialists who advocated decentralized mechanisms of economic coordination, including Leon Trotsky and Peter Kropotkin before the Austrian school critique, and later by Janos Kornai and Alec Nove.

Leon Trotsky argued that central planners would not be able to respond effectively to local changes in the economy because they operate without meaningful input and participation by the millions of economic actors in the economy, and would therefore be an ineffective mechanism for coordinating economic activity.

While Britannicas authors have included writers such as Albert Einstein, Marie Curie, and Leon Trotsky, as well as notable independent encyclopaedists such as Isaac Asimov, some have been criticised for lack of expertise:

* 1914 – Ramón Mercader, Spanish assassin of Leon Trotsky ( d. 1978 )

The German stance was altered radically after 10 February when Leon Trotsky, despite the weakness of the Bolsheviks ' position, broke off negotiations, hoping revolutions would break out in the German Empire and change everything.

This included Leon Trotsky, the principal critic of Stalin among the early Soviet leaders.

Regarding the origins of the plot, people who knew Stalin, such as Khrushchev, suggest that Stalin had long harbored negative sentiments toward Jews, and anti-Semitic trends in the Kremlin's policies were further fueled by the exile of Leon Trotsky.

* 1929 – The Soviet Union exiles Leon Trotsky.

* 1937 – In Moscow, 17 leading Communists go on trial accused of participating in a plot led by Leon Trotsky to overthrow Joseph Stalin's regime and assassinate its leaders.

He was well known for aiding Joseph Stalin in the Military Council ( led by Leon Trotsky ), having become closely associated with Stalin during the Red Army's 1918 defense of Tsaritsyn.

This move was opposed by Anton Pannekoek and Karl Leibknecht within the SPD and by others in the International such as Leon Trotsky and Vladimir Lenin, some of whom participated in the ' Paris Commission ' set up by the International.

Radek was part of the Left Opposition from 1923, writing his famed article ' Leon Trotsky: Organizer of Victory ' shortly after Lenin's stroke in January of that year.

Leon Trotsky (, ; – 21 August 1940 ), born Lev Davidovich Bronshtein, was a Russian Marxist revolutionary and theorist, Soviet politician, and the founder and first leader of the Red Army.

Leon Trotsky was born Lev Davidovich Bronshtein () on 7 November 1879, in Yanovka () or Yanivka (), in the Kherson guberniya of the Russian Empire ( today's Bereslavka (; ) in the Bobrynets Raion, Kirovohrad Oblast, Ukraine ), a small village from the nearest post office.

Leon Trotsky with his daughter Nina in 1915

Leon Trotsky, the main proponent of the world revolution, was exiled from the Soviet Union in 1929, and Stalin's idea of Socialism in One Country became the primary line.

Leon Richard Kass ( born February 12, 1939 ) is an American physician, scientist, educator, and public intellectual, best known as proponent of liberal education via the " Great Books ," as an opponent of human cloning and euthanasia, as a critic of certain areas of technological progress and embryo research, and for his controversial tenure as chairman of the President's Council on Bioethics from 2001 to 2005.

Leon Trotsky rejected central planning in favor of decentralized planning.

In 1965-66, he was hired as a professor of architecture and urban planning at the University of Detroit under the direction of Bruno Leon, Dean of the school of architecture.

The Municipal Mayors were: Capitan Felipe Custodio, Capitan Luis Patiño, Principales Domingo Custodio, Principales Francisco Eliot, Capitan Julian Delola, Capitan Marcelino Febra, Teniente Mayor Marcelino Custodie, Teniente Mayor Beltran Eliot, Teniente Mayor Simeon Calinawan Sr., Teniente Mayor Eleuterio Mondaya Sr., Teniente Mayor Nicolas Elimanco, Teniente Mayor Maximo Delola, Municipal President Ysidro S. Custodio, Municipal President Montano C. Patiño, Municipal President Tomas Mosende, Municipal President Emilio S. Custodio Sr., Municipal President Andres P. Ojeda, Municipal President Pedro E. Pinson, Municipal President Ceferino Lozada, Municipal President Agustin E. Patiño, Alkalde Marcelo F. Patagan, Municipal President Calixto G. Jusay, Mayor Leon Elacion, Mayor Buenaventura C. Canda, Mayor Eleuterio Mondaya, Mayor Jesus T. Patiño, Mayor Basanio M. Espanto, Mayor Aladino E. Tiujongco, OIC Mayor Luisito Patagan, OIC Acting Mayor Jose Dapar, Jr., OIC Mayor Montano Patiño, Mayor Encarnacion N. Patiño, Mayor Roberto S. Lerio, Sr., Mayor Enrique N. Patiño and now Mayor Donald P. Villejo, Sr. whose thrusts and priorities for development towards a sustainable future for Placer, whose dedication and commitment is to pursue and implement genuine programs that shall serve the best interest and welfare of the people, anchored on his visions to adopt the policy of transparency, a people centered development strategy which allows widespread participation, in the planning process, implementation, monitoring and evaluation ; his goal and objective for a pro-God, Pro-Country and Pro-People development strategies and programs.

WKPP mapping has resulted in the State of Florida and the U. S. Department of Agriculture establishing a " greenway " surrounding the Leon Sinks cave system and a " protection zone " for Edward Ball Wakulla Springs State Park, as well as numerous improvements in water management district operations, DOT road-building, and development planning.

In his Della Pictura of 1436, Leon Battista Alberti had argued that multi-figure history painting was the noblest form of art, as being the most difficult, which required mastery of all the others, because it was a visual form of history, and because it had the greatest potential to move the viewer.

Bolshevik revolutionary Leon Trotsky argued that, following a socialist revolution, money could not be arbitrarily abolished.

This view was challenged by Leon Morris who argued that because of the focus in the book of Romans on God's wrath, that the concept of hilasterion needed to include the appeasement of God's wrath ( Morris, Apostolic Preaching of the Cross, p 155 ).

He and others such as Benjamin Korstvedt and conductor Leon Botstein argued that Haas ' explanation is at best idle speculation, at worst a shady justification of Haas ' own editorial decisions.

Leon Edel argued in his psychoanalytic biography that James was deeply traumatised by the opening night uproar that greeted Guy Domville, and that it plunged him into a prolonged depression.

For example, when Leon Jaworski argued for the disclosure of Richard Nixon's tapes during the Watergate crisis, he wished to convey the impression that he was acting on behalf of the Government, and thus, by tradition, should have worn a morning coat.

Most of the researchers like Davies and Leon Rappoport have argued that ethnic jokes do not propagate ethnic stereotypes, but are often a way of positive interaction between communities.

Discussing the perceived ' dangers ' of democratic centralism, Taaffe has argued that according to Leon Trotsky there are no guarantees in any form of organisation which can guard against malpractice and the form of organisation that a party takes has a material origin that reflects the circumstances it finds itself in, as well as how it orientates to them.

Leon Chua has argued that all 2-terminal non-volatile memory devices including MRAM should be considered memristors.

Leon Trotsky, now exiled from Stalin's USSR, argued that the first policy was disastrous because it prevented unity against the far right, and that the second was disastrous because the terms of the struggle would be dictated by mainstream liberal parties, and that Communists would have to subordinate their politics within the alliance.

After the Russian revolution of 1905, Leon Trotsky argued that unlike the French revolution of 1789 and the European Revolutions of 1848 against absolutism, the capitalist class would never organise a revolution in Russia to overthrow absolutism, and that this task fell to the working class who, liberating the peasantry from their feudal yoke, would then immediately pass on to the socialist tasks and seek a " permanent revolution " to achieve international socialism.

Economist Leon Keyserling argued that the liberal task was to spread the benefits of abundance throughout society by stimulating economic growth.

" This small group supported the ideas of Leon Trotsky, who proposed that genuine Marxism, followed by Lenin, had always argued that only the working class in the advanced capitalist countries could lead a revolution to establish socialism.

Leon Chua, who is considered to be the father of non-linear circuit theory, has argued that all 2-terminal non-volatile memory devices including phase change memory should be considered memristors.

The notion of the aggravation of class struggle under socialism stands in contrast to the ideas of other communists, such as Nikolai Bukharin or Leon Trotsky, who argued that there was no longer any bourgeoisie in the Soviet Union to have to struggle with, and that the very definition of " socialism " implies there are no longer antagonistic classes in struggle, something Stalin himself noted.

Influenced by the ideas of William Morris, Ovington joined the Republican Party in 1905, where she met people including Daniel De Leon, Asa Philip Randolph, Floyd Dell, Max Eastman and Jack London, who argued that racial problems were as much a matter of class as of race.

There were, however, still those in the Soviet government, most notably Leon Trotsky, who argued for the continuation of the revolutionary process, in terms of his theory of Permanent Revolution.

Leon Trotsky in his later works argued that while it was impossible to speak conclusively about the plot, he saw indications in Stalin's mania for involvement in every detail of Red Army organization and logistics that the military had real reasons for dissent, motives which may have eventually led to a plot.

Leon Festinger ... argued that when people become aware that their attitudes, thoughts, and beliefs (" cognitions ") are inconsistent with one another, this realization brings with it an uncomfortable state of tension called cognitive dissonance '.

Leon Trotsky argued against the accusations of " Social Fascism ".