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Limburg and is
Limburg an der Lahn ( officially: Limburg a. d. Lahn ) is the district seat of Limburg-Weilburg in Hesse, Germany.
The town lies roughly centrally in a basin within the Rhenish Slate Mountains which is surrounded by the low ranges of the Taunus and Westerwald and called the Limburg Basin ( Limburger Becken ).
Its landmark is the Domäne Blumenrod, a former manor house that has been restored and remodelled by the Limburg Free Evangelical community.
Limburg ’ s biggest outlying centre is Lindenholzhausen ( 3, 329 residents as of June 2006 ); the second biggest is Linter.
The derivation of the nameLimburgis not quite clear and may well hearken back to a castle built here ( Burg means “ castle ” in German ).
* Rather unlikely but very popular is the connection to a dragon saga ( see Lindworm ) and the connection with the monastery of Saint George the “ Dragon Slayer ” founded in Limburg.
There is proof of a mint in Limburg in 1180.
It is located in the southern part of the Dutch province of Limburg, of which it is the capital.
* 2002 – The French oil tanker Limburg is bombed off Yemen.
* Half of the Limburg province of Belgium is added to the Netherlands ( since 1839 there is a Belgian Limburg and Dutch Limburg ).
The real festival is held in the southern part of the Netherlands in the provinces of Noord-Brabant and Limburg, and in eastern parts of Twente and Groningen.
Carnival in the Netherlands is also called " Vastenavond " or " Vastelaovend ( j )", and is most celebrated in Catholic regions, mainly the southern provinces North Brabant and Limburg.
One variant of Dutch Carnival is known as the Rijnlandsche Carnival, which can be seen in the province of Limburg.
The party is weak in peripheral provinces like Friesland, Overijssel, Zeeland and Limburg.
Limburger is a cheese that originated during the 19th century in the historical Duchy of Limburg, which is now divided among modern-day Belgium, Germany, and Netherlands.

Limburg and first
About 800, the first castle buildings arose on the Limburg crags.
* Three member states were ruled by foreign monarchs: the King of Denmark, the King of the Netherlands, and the King of Great Britain ( until 1837 ) were members of the German Confederation ; the first as Duke of Holstein, the second as Grand Duke of Luxembourg and Duke of Limburg, and the latter as King of Hanover.
* in Germany there were also four major occupation zones: the British Zone ( after three consecutive Military governors from 22 May 1945, the last stayed on as first of three consecutive High Commissioners 21 September 1949 – 5 May 1955 ), the US Zone ( after five Military governors from 8 May 1945, four High Commissioners 2 September 1949 – 5 May 1955 ), the Soviet Zone ( after a military commander April 1945 – 9 June 1945 who stayed as first of three Military governors 9 June 1945 – 10 October 1949, the last of whom stayed on as only Chairman of the Soviet Control Commission 10 October 1949 – 28 May 1953, two High commissioners 28 May 1953 – 20 September 1955 ) and the French Zone ( after a Military commander from May 1945 and a Military governor from July 1945, a single High commissioner 21 September 1949 – 5 May 1955 ); the Nazi capital, Berlin, enclaved in the Soviet zone, is separately quartered under four military City Commanders ; only the small Dutch zone by the border is destined for annexation in 1949, so it is divided up in two districts, each under a landdrost ( Tudderen, attached to the province of ( Dutch ) Limburg and Elten, attached to Gelderland province ), but returned to Germany after compensation payments and minor border corrections on 11 August 1963
When his aunt Joanna, Duchess of Brabant died in 1406 without children, Anthony inherited the Duchy of Brabant, Lothier, and Limburg, thus becoming the first Brabantian ruler of the House of Valois.
Dutch East Indies Governor-General Johan Paul van Limburg Stirum opens the first meeting of the Volksraad in 1918.
The town was first mentioned in a document ( now considered to be a fake ) in 1137, when Hallgraf Engelbert moved his residence from the nearby castle Limburg to his " Wasserburg " ( Water Castle ).
The true extent of the coal reserves in the south-east corner of Limburg first became apparent in 1870, when the wealthy Count Marchant and Ansembourg of Brussels ordered the first boreholes to be drilled near Eygelshoven, and a substantial seam of coal was found at a depth of 154 metres.
Thus it came about that the first concessions for the extraction of coal in South Limburg were granted without hesitation to foreign firms, although most of the coal consumed in the Netherlands was imported from Germany, and Dutch investors preferred to invest their capital in foreign countries, such as in Russian government loans, American railways, and Hungarian waterworks.
Around 1900 the first voices were raised for nationalization of the Limburg coal fields, in the context of the threat of war in the Balkans.
The biggest mine in the Limburg coal basin, and the biggest in Europe, was the Maurits state mine, which was the last to be taken into operation, in 1926, and the first to be closed down, less than forty years later.
The first Allied troops entered the Netherlands on September 9, 1944, on a reconnaissance patrol ; on September 12, 1944, a small part of Limburg was liberated by the US 30th Infantry Division.
He was the son of Gustave Louis Marie Hubert Ruijs de Beerenbrouck ( 1842 – 1926 ), Minister of Justice in the government-Mackay ( founder of the labor and social laws first ) and later governor of Limburg ( 1918 ).
In Roman times, Limburg was at first situated in the Roman province of Gallia Belgica, but the region extending from the Scheldt to the Rhine, was soon split out to become part of Germania Inferior, with its capital at Cologne, later reorganized as Germania Secunda.
The first king, William I, who did not want the name of the former Duchy of Limburg to be lost, insisted that the name be changed to " Limburg.
Godfrey first married Margaret of Limbourg, daughter of Henry II, Duke of Limburg, in 1158.
Hohenlimburg was formerly the chief town of the county of Limburg-Hohenlimburg in medieval Germany, first documentary mentioned 1230, and belonged to the counts of Limburg.

Limburg and under
The only forces immediately available for Vienna's defence were Prince Louis of Baden's force of 36, 000 stationed in the Lines of Stollhofen to watch Marshal Tallard at Strasbourg ; there was also a weak force of 10, 000 men under Field Marshal Count Limburg Styrum observing Ulm.
Philip III, Duke of Burgundy ( ruler 1419 – 67 ) assumed the subsidiary, legally void style and title Grand Duke of the West in 1435, having recently consolidated the duchies of Brabant and Limburg as well as the counties of Holland, Zeeland, Friesland, Hainaut and Namur under his possession.
From now the former Brabant and Limburg areas were placed under the reign of the generality as well as Zeeuws-Vlaanderen which had been taken from Flanders.
The First Battle of Höchstädt was fought on 30 September 1703, near Höchstädt in Bavaria, and resulted in a French-Bavarian victory under Marshal Villars against the Austrians under General Limburg Styrum.
William I would refuse to recognize a Belgian state until April 1839, when he had to yield under pressure by the Treaty of London and reluctantly recognized a border which, with the exception of Limburg and Luxembourg, was basically the border of 1790.
* in the occupied Netherlands, the Dutch being a Germanic people, under a Reichskommissar (' Imperial Commissioner '), German Plenipotentiaries were appointed during 1940-45 at the provincial level by the side of the regular Dutch Provincial Commissioners in Drenthe, Friesland ( Frisia, i. e. west and south of Germany's own East Frisia ), Gelderland, Groningen, Limburg, North Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht and South Holland, and during 1940-1944 in North Brabant and Zeeland.
File: Parkstad Limburg Stadion. JPG | The Parkstad Limburg Stadion under floodlight
The remainder of the duchy ( including Limburg proper ) remained under Spanish rule as part of the Southern Netherlands, passing to Austrian rule under the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713.

Limburg and name
One line of the Lords of Ysenburg resided from 1258 to 1406 at Limburg Castle and took their name from their seat, Limburg.
Belgian Limburg was not called " Limburg " until the 19th century, when it received this name as a result of post-Napoleonic Dutch politics.
The name Limburg is derived from a medieval Duchy that did not contain Loon.
Tourist attractions include the Dornburg ( 394 metres ), site of some Celtic ruins from La Tène times ( 5th to 1st century BC ), found in the community of the same name, and Limburg an der Lahn, a town with a mediaeval centre.
King William, who did not want the name Limburg to be lost, insisted that the name be changed to Limburg.
As such, the name of the new province derived from the old duchy of Limburg that had existed until 1648 within the triangle Maastricht-Liège-Aachen.
After the defeat of Napoleon, in 1815, this whole area became part of a new United Kingdom of the Netherlands, and it was at this time that the name Limburg was adopted.
King William wanted to keep the name of the old Duchy of Limburg alive although it had been centred in Limbourg on the Vesdre, and had never encompassed Hasselt.
Even when Belgium gained its independence from the Netherlands in 1830, and the province of Limburg was definitively split between the Netherlands and Belgium in 1839, this name was retained and the name Loon disappeared.
The university's founding name was Rijksuniversiteit Limburg and was changed into Universiteit Maastricht in 1996.
The almost identical name Limberger refers to Limburg at Maissau in Lower Austria, where in late 19th century " ungrafted Limberg Blaufränkisch vines " ( wurzelechte Limberger Blaufränkisch-Reben ) were offered for sale.
He became involved in financial speculations which lost him his good name as well as the greater part of his fortune ; and, though he was never proved to have been more than the victim of clever operators, when in 1871 he was appointed by the Catholic cabinet governor of Limburg, the outcry was so great that he resigned the appointment and retired definitively into private life.
After the defeat of Napoleon, the département became part of the new United Kingdom of the Netherlands in 1815, and received its modern name of Limburg as a way for the kingdom to preserve the old title of the medieval Duchy of Limburg, which was nearby.
The western part, corresponding to the old County of Loon, became part of Belgium, but kept its new name of Limburg.

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