* 1644 – Louise de La Vallière, French mistress of Louis XIV of France ( d. 1710 )

Upon the death of Louis XIV and the abandonment of Versailles, the Paris high society became the purveyors of style.

* 1672 – Franco-Dutch War: Louis XIV of France invades the Netherlands.

In 1650 the Minuet, originally a peasant dance of Poitou, was introduced into Paris and set to music by Jean-Baptiste Lully and danced by the King Louis XIV in public, and would continue to dominate ballroom from that time until the close of the 18th century.

Toward the latter half of the 17th century, Louis XIV founded his ' Académie Royale de Musique et de Danse ', where specific rules for the execution of every dance and the " five positions " of the feet were formulated for the first time by members of the Académie.

Louis XIV of France sought to knock Emperor Leopold out of the war by seizing Vienna, the Habsburg capital, and gain a favourable peace settlement.

The Wars of Louis XIV, 1667 – 1714.

For the Grand Alliance – Austria, England, and the Dutch Republic – the battle had followed an indecisive campaign against the Bourbon armies of King Louis XIV of France in 1705.

Yet despite his opponents ' setbacks Louis XIV was desirous of peace – but he wanted it on reasonable terms.

Encouraged by these early gains Louis XIV urged Marshal Villeroi to go over to the offensive in the Spanish Netherlands and, with victory, gain a ' fair ' peace.

With Prince Eugene's subsequent success at the Battle of Turin in northern Italy, the Allies had imposed the greatest loss of territory and resources that Louis XIV would suffer during the war.

The Duke of Marlborough had intended the 1705 campaign – an invasion of France through the Moselle valley – to complete the work of Blenheim and persuade King Louis XIV to make peace, but the plan had been thwarted by both friend and foe alike.

Determined to show the Grand Alliance that France was still resolute, Louis XIV prepared to launch a double surprise in Alsace and northern Italy.

Although Louis XIV wanted peace he wanted it on reasonable terms ; for that, he needed victory in the field and to convince the Allies that his resources were by no means exhausted.

Following the successes in Italy and along the Rhine, Louis XIV was now hopeful of similar results in Flanders.

Far from standing on the defensive therefore – and unbeknown to Marlborough – Louis XIV was persistently goading his marshal into action.

Villeroi, posting himself near Offus, watched anxiously the redcoats ' advance, mindful of the counsel he had received on 6 May from Louis XIV – " Have particular care to that part of the line which will endure the first shock of the English troops.

But these French horsemen were amongst the best in Louis XIV ’ s army – the Maison du Roi, supported by four elite squadrons of Bavarian Cuirassiers.

What was left of Villeroi ’ s army was now broken in spirit ; the imbalance of the casualty figures amply demonstrates the extent of the disaster for Louis XIV ’ s army: ( see below ).

When Louis XIV learnt of the disaster he recalled Marshal Vendôme from northern Italy to take command in Flanders ; but it would be weeks before the command changed hands.

" Louis XIV was more forgiving to his old friend – " At our age, Marshal, we must no longer expect good fortune.

The Dutch, however, who had supplied the major share of the troops and money to secure the victory ( the Austrians had produced nothing of either ) claimed the government of the region till the war was over, and that after the peace they should continue to garrison Barrier Fortresses stronger than those which had fallen so easily to Louis XIV ’ s forces in 1701.

Only from Spain did Louis XIV receive any good news where Das Minas and Galway had been forced to retreat from Madrid towards Valencia, allowing Philip V to re-enter his capital on 4 October.

All in all though, the situation had changed considerably and Louis XIV began to look for ways to end what was fast becoming a ruinous war for France.

" Instead of continuing the momentum of victory, however, cracks in Allied unity would enable Louis XIV to reverse some of the major setbacks suffered at Turin and Ramillies.

In spite of the armistice negotiated by Amadee two years earlier, the war between Bishop Guillaume of Lausanne and Louis of Savoy was still going on, and although little is known about it, that little proves that it was yet another phase of the struggle against French expansion and was closely interwoven with the larger conflict.

The " Days of April " ( journées d ' avril ) is a name appropriated in French history to a series of insurrections at Lyons, Paris and elsewhere, against the government of Louis Philippe in 1834, which led to violent repressive measures, and to a famous trial known as the procès d ' avril.

Johnson campaigned vigorously, undertaking a public speaking tour of the north, known as the " Swing Around the Circle "; the tour, including speeches in Chicago, St. Louis, Indianapolis and Columbus, proved politically disastrous, with Johnson making distasteful and blasphemous comparisons between himself and Christ, and occasionally engaging in hostile and irrational arguments with hecklers.

Originally, the award was known as the J. Louis Comiskey Memorial Award, named after the Chicago White Sox owner of the 1930s.

Steve Jobs and Bill Gates were the Henry Ford and Louis Chevrolet of their times, who capitalized on ideas already commonly known before they started in the business.

Perhaps the most famous of these is Louis Eliasberg, the only collector thus far to assemble a complete set of known coins of the United States.

* Louis Wolff ( 1898 – 1972 ), known for Wolff – Parkinson – White syndrome

A short distance away from the square lies the Cambridge Common, while the neighborhood north of Harvard and east of Massachusetts Avenue is known as Agassiz in honor of the famed scientist Louis Agassiz.

The Masorti movement did not establish a presence in the United Kingdom until much later and came about largely because of a series of incidents known colletively as the " Jacobs affair ": Rabbi Louis Jacobs, a leading scholar of Anglo Jewry, joined the faculty of the Jews College, leaving his post as Rabbi of the New West End Synagogue, under the impression that he would eventually be made principal.

The Indians hired general manager Frank Lane, known as " Trader " Lane, away from the St. Louis Cardinals in 1957.

Since 1971, Eureka has been known as the home of the amusement park formerly known as Six Flags Over Mid-America and now called Six Flags St. Louis.

His second son acquired the courtesy title Lord Louis Mountbatten and was known as Lord Louis informally until his death.

One of the first known hominids, it was nicknamed ' handy man ' by discoverer Louis Leakey due to its association with stone tools.

The second experimental film, Roundhay Garden Scene, filmed by Louis Le Prince on October 14, 1888 in Roundhay, Leeds, England, is now known as the earliest surviving motion picture.

While in theory King Louis XVI was an absolute monarch, in practice he was often indecisive and known to back down when faced with strong opposition.

Most of what is known about Pre-Contact (" Ancient ") Chamorros comes from legends and myths, archaeological evidence, Jesuit missionary accounts, and observations from visiting scientists like Otto von Kotzebue and Louis de Freycinet.

The republican government also enforced the Système International d ' Unités ( International System of Units ), commissioned by Louis XVI, which became known as the Metric System.

On becoming king, Louis issued a constitution known as the Charter which preserved many of the liberties won during the French Revolution and provided for a parliament composed of an elected Chamber of Deputies and a Chamber of Peers that was nominated by the king.

Critic and humorist Louis Leroy wrote a scathing review in the newspaper Le Charivari in which, making wordplay with the title of Claude Monet's Impression, Sunrise ( Impression, soleil levant ), he gave the artists the name by which they became known.

Joysticks originated as controls for aircraft ailerons and elevators, and is first known to have been used as such on Louis Bleriot's Bleriot VIII aircraft of 1908, in combination with a foot-operated rudder bar for the yaw control surface on the tail.

Jadwiga's father Louis had, in 1364 in Kraków, during festivities known as the Days of Kraków, also made an arrangement with his former father-in-law Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV to inter-marry their future children:

Much of what is known of Louis's life comes from Jean de Joinville's famous Life of Saint Louis.