Ironically, Chevalier had claimed that he would never be capable of acting as a Royal courtier, and had to be persuaded by Lubitsch.

For Benny's costar, the studio and Lubitsch decided on Miriam Hopkins, whose career had been faltering in recent years.

But Lubitsch had trouble delegating authority, which was a problem when he was overseeing sixty different films.

They had one daughter, Nicola Lubitsch, on October 27, 1938.

Garbo and Lubitsch were friendly and had hoped to work together on a movie for years, but this would be their only project.

Mayer wrote the screenplay for A Royal Scandal, and had worked with Lubitsch on To Be or Not to Be ( 1942 ).

Presenter Mervyn LeRoy, calling Lubitsch " a master of innuendo ", described some of his attributes as a filmmaker: " He had an adult mind and a hatred of saying things the obvious way.

" Wilder had a sign over his office door, which read " How would Lubitsch do it ?".

At this time an agent from Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer had screened a print of Komposition in Blau and Muratti in a small art theatre in Hollywood, and Ernst Lubitsch was impressed by the films and the audience's enthusiastic response to the shorts.

Ernst Lubitsch told newspaper columnist Gilbert Swan that the story had a real-life inspiration: a general in the Imperial Russian Army named Lodigensky whom Lubitsch had met in Russia, and again in New York, where he had opened a Russian restaurant after fleeing the communist revolution.

It boasts masterpieces that have had a considerable influence on all of western culture, Jewish culture included-works such as those of Heinrich Heine, Gustav Mahler, Leonard Bernstein, Marc Chagall, Jacob Epstein, Ben Shahn, Amedeo Modigliani, Franz Kafka, Max Reinhardt ( Goldman ), Ernst Lubitsch, and Woody Allen.

All directed by Lubitsch, the three were “ Trouble in Paradise ,” “ Heaven Can Wait ,” and Raphaelson ’ s favorite, “ The Shop Around the Corner ” which had starred James Stewart and Margaret Sullivan and which Kael wrote was “ as close to perfection as a movie made by mortals is ever likely to be ; it couldn ’ t be the airy wonder it was without the structure Raphaelson built into it .” ( The story was remade in 1998 as “ You ’ ve Got Mail ,” with Tom Hanks and Meg Ryan.

“ Three Screen Comedies ” also included a reprint of “ Freundschaft ,” Raphaelson ’ s wry and affectionate reflection on his working relationship with Lubitsch that had originally appeared in The New Yorker in 1982.

Lubitsch was left without a leading lady until Carole Lombard, hearing his predicament, asked to be considered.

But A Royal Scandal is considered " a Lubitsch picture.

Laughton turned out other memorable performances during that first Hollywood trip, repeating his stage role as a murderer in Payment Deferred, playing H. G. Wells ' mad vivisectionist Dr. Moreau in Island of Lost Souls, and the meek raspberry-blowing clerk in the brief segment of If I Had a Million, directed by Ernst Lubitsch.

Lubitsch subsequently produced his own films and supervised the production of films of other directors.

The film reunited Lubitsch with his Merry Widow screenwriter Raphaelson, and starred James Stewart and Margaret Sullavan as a pair of bickering co-workers in Budapest, each unaware that the other is their secret romantic correspondent.

Among her other films are Laughter ( 1930 ), Paramount on Parade ( 1930 ), Hot Saturday ( 1932 ) with Cary Grant and Randolph Scott, The Kiss Before the Mirror ( 1933 ) directed by James Whale, and Broken Lullaby aka The Man I Killed ( 1932 ) directed by Ernst Lubitsch.

Negri and Lubitsch made three German films together after this, Sumurun ( aka One Arabian Night, 1920 ), Die Bergkatze ( aka The Mountain Cat or The Wildcat, 1921 ), and Die Flamme ( The Flame, 1922 ), and UFA employed Negri for films with other directors, including Vendetta ( 1920 ) and Sappho ( 1921 ), many of which were purchased by American distributors and shown in the United States.

She closely examines staging, cinematography, acting, scenarios, and other cinematic elements in films by Pabst, Lubitsch, Lang ( her obvious favorite ), Riefenstahl, Harbou, and Murnau.

The result was Die Augen der Mumie Ma ( The Eyes of the Mummy Ma, 1918 ), which was a popular success and led to a series of Lubitsch / Negri collaborations, each larger in scale than the previous film.

Lombard's final film, " To Be or Not to Be " ( 1942 ), directed by Ernst Lubitsch and co-starring Jack Benny, a satire about Nazism and World War II, was in post-production at the time of her death.

Lubitsch went independent to direct That Uncertain Feeling ( 1941, a remake of his 1925 film Kiss Me Again ), and the dark anti-Nazi farce To Be or Not to Be ( 1942 ), which was Jack Benny's only major screen success and Carole Lombard's last picture.

Monte Carlo ( 1930 ) was another highly regarded Lubitsch classic, with British musical star Jack Buchanan as a count who disguises himself as a hairdresser to woo a scatterbrained countess ( Macdonald ).

While they generally praised Lombard, many scorned Benny and Lubitsch.

While Don Juan was a success at the box office, it did not recoup its production cost and Lubitsch left Warner for MGM.

The film was directed by Ernst Lubitsch and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture.

This film is notable for being both the film debut of Jeanette MacDonald and the first " talkie " film by Ernst Lubitsch.

She sang in her role opposite Maurice Chevalier in the Ernst Lubitsch musical The Smiling Lieutenant ( 1931 ), and was admired by critics for her ability to shrewdly play character role opposite the Miriam Hopkins.

Ninotchka is a 1939 American film made for Metro Goldwyn Mayer by producer and director Ernst Lubitsch which stars Greta Garbo and Melvyn Douglas.

The most noteworthy Lubitsch touch scene revolves around a stag feast in a luxury hotel ordered by capitalist Douglas for the three grateful comrade emissaries, who can't believe their good fortune.

Lubitsch sailed to the United States for the first time in December 1921 for what was intended as a lengthy publicity and professional factfinding tour, scheduled to culminate in the February premiere of Pharaoh.

Lubitsch finally left Germany for Hollywood in 1922, contracted as a director by Mary Pickford.

Settling in America, Lubitsch established his reputation for sophisticated comedy with such stylish films as The Marriage Circle ( 1924 ), Lady Windermere's Fan ( 1925 ), and So This Is Paris ( 1926 ).

Lubitsch served on the faculty of the University of Southern California for a time.

Whether with music, as in MGM's opulent The Merry Widow ( 1934 ) and Paramount's One Hour with You ( 1932 ), or without, as in Design for Living ( 1933 ), Lubitsch continued to specialize in comedy.

In March 1947, Lubitsch was awarded a Special Academy Award for his " 25-year contribution to motion pictures ".

In 1993, Harald Juhnke won the Ernst Lubitsch Award for his role as Pit Kummer in Schtonk!

* Noël Coward's Design for Living ( 1933 ), also Design for Living ( film ) ( Ernst Lubitsch, 1933 ): about the complicated relationship between two men and a woman.

* Design for Living ( Ernst Lubitsch, 1933 ): An early example of ménage à trois in Hollywood cinema.

In addition to Rin Tin Tin, the studio was also able to gain more success with German film director Lubitsch, whose first film with the studio-The Marriage Circle-reached the New York Times Ten Best List for the 1924 ; the film was also the studio's most successful film of the year, and it helped establish Lubitsch as the studio's top director at this point in time.

* 1995 – Ernst – Lubitsch award for Der bewegte Mann

In this production, she met Ernst Lubitsch, who at the time was producing comedies for the German Film studio UFA.