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Ludwig Erhard ( 1897 – 1977 ) was in charge of economic policy as economics director for the British and American occupation zones and was Adenauer's long-time economics minister.
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Ludwig and Erhard
Beginning with the replacement of the Reichsmark with the Deutsche Mark as legal tender, a lasting period of low inflation and rapid industrial growth was overseen by the government led by German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer and his minister of economics, Ludwig Erhard, raising West Germany from total wartime devastation to one of the most developed nations in modern Europe.
Norbert Walter, a former chief economist at Deutsche Bank, argues that " Germany owes its rapid economic advance after World War II to the system of the Social Market Economy, established by Ludwig Erhard.
He reconsidered, among other reasons, because he was afraid that Ludwig Erhard, whom Adenauer thought little of, would become the new chancellor.
Konrad Adenauer with minister of economics Ludwig Erhard, 1956.
Along with his Minister for Economic Affairs and successor Ludwig Erhard, the West German model of a " social market economy " ( a mixed economy with capitalism moderated by elements of social welfare and Catholic social teaching ) allowed for the boom period known as the Wirtschaftswunder (" economic miracle ") that produced broad prosperity.
Adenauer was not on good terms with his economics minister Ludwig Erhard and tried to block him from the chancellorship.
* Ludwig Erhard ( CDU ) – Minister of Economics
* Ludwig Erhard ( CDU ) – Minister of Economics
* Ludwig Erhard ( CDU ) – Vice Chancellor and Minister of Economics
* Ludwig Erhard ( CDU ) – Vice Chancellor and Minister of Economics
In 1966 following the collapse of the existing CDU / CSU-FDP coalition Kiesinger was elected to replace Ludwig Erhard as Chancellor, heading a new CDU / CSU-SPD alliance.
* Chancellor Ludwig Erhard ( West Germany )
* February 4 – Ludwig Erhard, Chancellor of Germany ( d. 1977 )
* October 20 – Ludwig Erhard is re-elected Chancellor of West Germany ( he had first been elected in 1963 ).
Ludwig Wilhelm Erhard (; 4 February 1897 – 5 May 1977 ) was a German politician affiliated with the CDU and Chancellor of West Germany from 1963 until 1966.
Ludwig Erhard with Konrad Adenauer in 1956
* Ludwig Erhard ( CDU ) – Chancellor
* Ludwig Erhard ( CDU ) – Chancellor
* Hentschel, Volker ( 1996 ) Ludwig Erhard: Ein Politikerleben.
* Mierzejewski, Alfred C. Ludwig Erhard: a biography ( 2004 ).
* Erhard, Ludwig.
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Ludwig and 1897
* 1897 – Daniel K. Ludwig, American businessman ( d. 1992 )
In addition, the interference experiments of Lodge ( 1893, 1897 ) and Ludwig Zehnder ( 1895 ), aimed to show whether the aether is dragged by various, rotating masses, showed no aether drag.
* Ferdinand Philippe Marie d ' Orléans, Duke of Alençon ( 12 July 1844 – 29 June 1910 ), who married Duchess Sophie Charlotte in Bavaria ( 1847 – 1897 ), sister of Elizabeth, Empress of Austria (" Sisi "), and who had been for a time engaged to Ludwig II of Bavaria ;
While director, he remodeled the auditorium in the spring and summer of 1897, and introduced contemporary drama by Henrik Ibsen, Gerhart Hauptmann, Arthur Schnitzler, Hugo von Hofmannsthal to the Viennese audience as well as Austrian classics of Ludwig Anzengruber and Ferdinand Raimund.
* Neo-Gothic Roman Catholic Saint Ludwig Church, 1897
Duchess Sophie Charlotte Augustine in Bavaria ( 23 February 1847 – 4 May 1897 ) was a granddaughter-in-law of King Louis-Philippe of France, the favourite sister of Empress Elisabeth of Austria and fiancée of King Ludwig II of Bavaria ..
* Ludwig Erhard ( 1897 – 1977 ), Chancellor of West Germany
Daniel Keith Ludwig ( June 24, 1897, South Haven, Michigan-August 27, 1992 ) was a US shipping magnate and billionaire.
Several months later, Ludwig married Gertrude Virginia Higgins, a widow, ( January 13, 1897 to April 8, 1993 ), who had three children from a previous marriage.
After obtaining his medical degree from Jena in 1897, Berger joined the staff of Otto Ludwig Binswanger ( 1852 – 1929 ) who held the Chair in psychiatry and neurology at the Jena clinic.
The German translation Versuch über die Ungleichheit der Menschenrassen first appeared in 1897 and was translated by Ludwig Schemann, a member of the Bayreuth Circle and " one of the most important racial theorists of imperial and Weimar Germany ".
( Berlin, 1877 ); the Briefwechsel zwischen A. G. und Ludwig Frankl ( Correspondence between A. G. and Ludwig Frankl ) was published in Berlin in 1897.
* Ferdinand Philippe Marie d ' Orléans, Duke of Alençon ( 12 July 1844 – 29 June 1910 ), who married Duchess Sophie Charlotte in Bavaria ( 1847 – 1897 ), sister of Elizabeth, Empress of Austria (" Sisi "), and who had been for a time engaged to Ludwig II of Bavaria ;
Ludwig and –
* 1949 – Horst Ludwig Störmer, German physicist, Nobel laureate
* 1881 – Paul Ludwig Ewald von Kleist, German field marshal ( d. 1954 )
* 1786 – Ludwig I of Bavaria ( d. 1868 )
* 1845 – Ludwig II of Bavaria ( d. 1886 )
** Ludwig Radermacher, Artium Scriptores, Vienna, 1951, pp. 200 – 202 ( rhetorical fragments only, adding Philodemus ' Rhetorica, which accounts for three of the nine fragments printed )
* 1800 – Ludwig van Beethoven leads the premiere of his First Symphony in Vienna.
* 1719 – Johann Wilhelm Ludwig Gleim, German poet ( d. 1803 )
* 1977 – Jens Ludwig, German guitarist ( Edguy )
* 1778 – Friedrich Ludwig Jahn, Prussian educator and nationalist ( d. 1852 )
Archduke Charles of Austria, Duke of Teschen (, also known as Karl von Österreich-Teschen ) ( Full name: Karl Ludwig Johann Josef Lorenz of Austria ) ( 5 September 1771 – 30 April 1847 ) was an Austrian field-marshal, the third son of emperor Leopold II and his wife Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain.
125, is the final complete symphony of Ludwig van Beethoven ( 1770 – 1827 ).
* 1327 – 1347: Ludwig Schenk von Reindorf ( or Neuendorf )
Among them, Guderian claimed, was Chief of the General Staff Ludwig Beck ( 1935 – 38 ), who he alleged was skeptical that armored forces could be decisive.
Christoph Ludwig Agricola ( November 5, 1667 – August 8, 1719 ) was a German landscape painter.
* 1770 – Ludwig van Beethoven, German composer ( d. 1827 )
* 1793 – The wedding of Prince Friedrich Ludwig of Prussia and Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz takes place.
* 1808 – Ludwig van Beethoven conducts and performs in concert at the Theater an der Wien, Vienna, with the premiere of his Fifth Symphony, Sixth Symphony, Fourth Piano Concerto ( performed by Beethoven himself ) and Choral Fantasy ( with Beethoven at the piano ).
* 1626 – Veit Ludwig von Seckendorff, German statesman ( d. 1692 )
Nevertheless, composers continued to write and study fugues for various purposes ; they appear in the works of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart ( 1756 – 1791 ) and Ludwig van Beethoven ( 1770 – 1827 ), as well as modern composers such as Dmitri Shostakovich ( 1906 – 1975 ).
* 1868 – Ludwig I of Bavaria ( b. 1786 )
* 1769 – Ludwig von Wallmoden-Gimborn, Austrian general ( d. 1862 )
* 1813 – Otto Ludwig, German writer and critic ( d. 1865 )
* 1763 – Ludwig I, Grand Duke of Baden ( d. 1830 )
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