* MIPS Technologies, formerly MIPS Computer Systems, developer of the MIPS architecture

MIPS ( originally an acronym for Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages ) is a reduced instruction set computer ( RISC ) instruction set architecture ( ISA ) developed by MIPS Technologies ( formerly MIPS Computer Systems, Inc .).

As a subsidiary of SGI, the company became known as MIPS Technologies.

MIPS was so successful that SGI spun off MIPS Technologies in 1998.

The second ( about MIPS patent 4814976 for handling unaligned memory access ) was protracted, hurt both companies ' business, and culminated in MIPS Technologies giving Lexra a free license and a large cash payment.

MIPS architecture processors include: IDT RC32438 ; ATI / AMD Xilleon ; Alchemy Au1000, 1100, 1200 ; Broadcom Sentry5 ; RMI XLR7xx, Cavium Octeon CN30xx, CN31xx, CN36xx, CN38xx and CN5xxx ; Infineon Technologies EasyPort, Amazon, Danube, ADM5120, WildPass, INCA-IP, INCA-IP2 ; Microchip Technology PIC32 ; NEC EMMA and EMMA2, NEC VR4181A, VR4121, VR4122, VR4181A, VR5432, VR5500 ; Oak Technologies Generation ; PMC-Sierra RM11200 ; QuickLogic QuickMIPS ESP ; Toshiba Donau, Toshiba TMPR492x, TX4925, TX9956, TX7901.

The internal microarchitecture of Loongson microprocessors was designed independently by the Chinese, and early implementations of the family lacked four instructions patented by MIPS Technologies.

In June 2009, ICT licenced the MIPS32 and MIPS64 architectures directly from MIPS Technologies.

# REDIRECT MIPS Technologies

To secure the supply of future generations of MIPS microprocessors ( the 64-bit R4000 ), SGI acquired the company in 1992 for $ 333 million and renamed it as MIPS Technologies Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of SGI.

In 2010, Sandeep Vij was named CEO of MIPS Technologies.

MIPS Technologies ’ processor architectures and cores are used in home entertainment, networking and communications products.

MIPS Technologies is predominately used in conjunction with Android and Linux operating systems ..

MIPS Technologies creates the processor architecture that is licensed to chip makers.

IRIX is a computer operating system developed by Silicon Graphics, Inc. ( SGI ) to run natively on their MIPS architecture workstations and servers.

Among the manufacturers which have made computer workstation systems using MIPS processors are SGI, MIPS Computer Systems, Inc., Whitechapel Workstations, Olivetti, Siemens-Nixdorf, Acer, Digital Equipment Corporation, NEC, and DeskStation.

A high-performance computing startup called SiCortex, Inc. introduced a massively parallel MIPS based supercomputer in 2007.

MIPS Computer Systems Inc. was founded in 1984 by a group of researchers from Stanford University that included John L. Hennessy, as a vendor of microprocessor chips.

Real-time operating systems that run on MIPS include CMX System, eCosCentric, ENEA, Express Logic, FreeRTOS, Green Hills Software, LynuxWorks, Mentor Graphics, Micrium, QNX Software Systems, Quadros Systems Inc., Segger and Wind River.

* 1984: MIPS Computer Systems, Inc. co-founded by Dr. John Hennessy, Skip Stritter, and Dr. John Moussouris

Transforms it into internal MIPS Group, and then incorporates and renames it to MIPS Technologies, Inc. ( a wholly owned subsidiary of SGI )

* 1998: Re-IPO as MIPS Technologies, Inc

The design of the later, faster MIPS cores was primarily funded by Silicon Graphics Inc.

Hennessy is one of the founders of MIPS Computer Systems Inc. and is the 10th President of Stanford University.

In 1984, he used his sabbatical year to found MIPS Computer Systems Inc. to commercialize his research in RISC processors.

By the mid 1990s, public clusters consisted of the Solaris operating system on SPARC hardware from Sun Microsystems, and the IRIX operating system on MIPS hardware from Silicon Graphics, Inc. ( SGI ).

Two notable examples of this are the ARM compliant AMULET and the MIPS R3000 compatible MiniMIPS.

The performance of the memory hierarchy also greatly affects processor performance, an issue barely considered in MIPS calculations.

" SBCL runs on the platforms CMUCL does, except HP / UX ; in addition, it runs on Linux for AMD64, PowerPC, SPARC, MIPS, Windows x86 and has experimental support for running on Windows AMD64.

The processor is capable of speeds of up to 16. 58 MHz and can run up to 2. 7 MIPS ( million instructions per second ), for the base 68328 and DragonBall EZ ( MC68EZ328 ) model.

It was extended to 33 MHz, 5. 4 MIPS for the DragonBall VZ ( MC68VZ328 ) model, and 66 MHz, 10. 8 MIPS for the DragonBall Super VZ ( MC68SZ328 ).

Dhrystone tries to represent the result more meaningfully than MIPS ( million instructions per second ) because instruction count comparisons between different instruction sets ( e. g. RISC vs. CISC ) can confound simple comparisons.

However, development of the workstation was well ahead of the PRISM, and the engineers proposed that they release the machines using the MIPS R2000 processor instead, moving its release date up considerably.

EISA was also available on some non-IBM compatible machines such as the AlphaServer, HP 9000-D, SGI Indigo2 and MIPS Magnum.

GDB target processors ( as of 2003 ) include: Alpha, ARM, AVR, H8 / 300, System / 370, System 390, X86 and its 64-bit extension X86-64, IA-64 " Itanium ", Motorola 68000, MIPS, PA-RISC, PowerPC, SuperH, SPARC, and VAX.

Earlier versions also ran on the i860, Alpha, MIPS, Fairchild Clipper, and PowerPC architectures.

In 1994, IRIX 6. 0 added support for the 64-bit MIPS R8000 processor, but was otherwise similar to IRIX 5. 2.

Later 6. x releases supported other members of the MIPS processor family in 64-bit mode.

The first commercial RISC microprocessor design was released either by MIPS Computer Systems, the 32-bit R2000 ( the R1000 was not released ) or by Acorn computers, the 32-bit ARM2 in 1987.

Computer architecture courses in universities and technical schools often study the MIPS architecture.

In 1984 Hennessy was convinced of the future commercial potential of the design, and left Stanford to form MIPS Computer Systems.

Operating systems ported to the architecture include SGI's IRIX, Microsoft's Windows NT ( until v4. 0 ), Windows CE, Linux, BSD, UNIX System V, SINIX, QNX, and MIPS Computer Systems ' own RISC / os.

In 1988, MIPS Computer Systems designs were noticed by Silicon Graphics ( SGI ) and the company adopted the MIPS architecture for its computers.

* 1989: First IPO in November as MIPS Computer Systems with Bob Miller as CEO

* 1992: SGI acquires MIPS Computer Systems.

kIPS is also a common joke name for 16 bit microprocessor designs developed in undergraduate computer engineering courses that use the text Computer Organization and Design by Patterson and Hennessy ( ISBN 1-55860-428-6 ), which explains computer architecture concepts in terms of the MIPS architecture.

The MIPS system was followed by the MIPS-X and in 1984 Hennessy and his colleagues formed MIPS Computer Systems.

SGI was part of the Advanced Computing Environment initiative, formed in the early 1990s with 20 other companies, including Compaq, Digital Equipment Corporation, MIPS Computer Systems, Groupe Bull, Siemens, NEC, NeTpower, Microsoft and Santa Cruz Operation.