At MIT, Olsen and Anderson noticed something odd: students would line up for hours to get a turn to use the stripped-down TX-0, while largely ignoring a faster IBM machine that was also available.

For example a group at MIT concluded that the planet Mesklin in Hal Clement's 1953 novel Mission of Gravity would have had a sharp edge at the equator, and a Florida high-school class calculated that in Larry Niven's 1970 novel Ringworld the topsoil would have slid into the seas in a few thousand years.

The term hack arose from MIT lingo, as the word had long been used to describe college pranks that MIT students would regularly devise.

During the early days of computers and programming, the hackers at MIT would develop a program and share it with other computer users.

The aggregated revenues of companies founded by MIT alumni would rank as the eleventh-largest economy in the world.

In 2011, MIT announced it would offer formal certification ( but not credits or degrees ) to online participants completing coursework in its " MITx " program, for a modest fee.

An interdisciplinary team from MIT have estimated that given the expected growth of nuclear power from 2005 – 2055, at least four serious nuclear accidents would be expected in that period.

Although MIT had licensed X6 to some outside groups for a fee, it decided at this time to license X10R3 and future versions under what became known as the MIT License, intending to popularize X further and, in return, hoping that many more applications would become available.

Although X10 offered interesting and powerful functionality, it had become obvious that the X protocol could use a more hardware-neutral redesign before it became too widely deployed, but MIT alone would not have the resources available for such a complete redesign.

Lisp Machines, Inc. and later Texas Instruments ( with the TI Explorer ) would share a common code base, but their dialect of Lisp Machine Lisp would differ from the version maintained at the MIT AI Lab by Richard Stallman and others.

After a time, the TX-0 was no longer considered worth keeping at Lincoln Lab, and was " loaned " ( semi-permanently ) to the MIT Research Laboratory of Electronics ( RLE ) in July 1958, where it became a centerpiece of research that would eventually evolve into the MIT Artificial Intelligence Lab and the original computer " hacker " culture.

On June 11, 2010 it was announced that Merton would retire from Harvard and rejoin the MIT Sloan School of Management.

While attending MIT, Scholz joined the band " Freehold ," where he met guitarist Barry Goudreau and drummer Jim Masdea, who would later become members of Boston.

According to Dominican-American writer and MIT creative writing professor Junot Díaz, Gilbert Hernández ideally would be considered " one of the greatest American storytellers ".

The Signals and Power Subcommittee included most of the early TX-0 and PDP-1 computer hackers, and several people would later join the core of the MIT AI Lab staff.

He admits, " To be perfectly frank, I don't know the exact value of the polar gravity ; the planet is so oblate that the usual rule of spheres ... would not even be a good approximation ..." " Whirligig World " reports his initial calculations of the pole gravity to be 655 g ; the dust jacket of Heavy Planet reports it as 700 g. A later program created by Clement computed it as 275 g, as did a similar program written by the MIT Science Fiction Society.

The MIT group also concluded that the planet would have had a sharp edge at the equator.

Experiments by Kerry Emanuel of MIT in 2002 suggested that hurricane-force winds would disrupt the oil slick, making it ineffective.

Later, a story emerged that MIT had entered into an agreement with Dolby whereupon the university would be awarded a large sum if the MPEG-2 system was rejected.

Another project was the ' American Action Market ' announced by Tad Hirsh of the MIT Media Lab in 2003, which would permit for-profit betting on major events.

This interest led to attending several conferences ( Financial Cryptography 98, various MIT presentations ), participating on mailing lists such as " cypherpunks " and " dbs ", and eventually implementing patented Chaumian digital cash in an underground library, HINDE, with Ian Goldberg, named after Hinde ten Berge, a Dutch cypherpunk also present at FC98.

From 1982 until 2003, Pinker taught at the Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences at MIT, and eventually became the director of the Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, taking a one-year sabbatical at the University of California, Santa Barbara, in 1995-96.

At W. F. Osgood's suggestion, Wiener became an instructor of mathematics at MIT, where he spent the remainder of his career, becoming promoted eventually to Professor.

After working for Hewlett Packard Research Labs in Palo Alto and Symbolics, he became a founder of ICAD, Inc. Greenspun returned to MIT to study electrical engineering and computer science, eventually receiving a Ph. D.

For his role in procuring such a gigantic grant, Dertouzos eventually was made head of Course 6, the Electrical Engineering and Computer Science department at MIT.

Gordon's research into science eventually lead him to accept a job offer by the Black Mesa Research Facility, and begin working on a top-secret research project headed by his mentor at MIT, Dr. Isaac Kleiner.

Originally an MIT project in the early 21st century aimed at storing every aspect of human knowledge on holodisk, it was eventually taken over by the military in response to the murder of the project leader.

Systems dynamics, as developed in parallel by Jay Forrester's group at MIT, eventually became merged with the concepts of Koestler's west coast group and gave birth to the modern methodology of computer modeling of complex systems.

While he was at MIT, Bob did much of the research that he eventually used as the basis for his Ph. D. in Physics, which he obtained in 1947 at the University of Pittsburgh.

He taught at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology ( MIT ) from 1883 until his death in 1921, aged 65, initially as Associate Professor ( 1884 ), as tenured Professor ( 1891 ) and eventually as head of the department of Biology and Public Health.

When Symbolics Inc. bought the commercial rights to Macsyma from MIT to sell along with its Lisp Machines, it eventually was compelled to sell Macsyma also on DEC VAX and Sun Microsystems computers, paying royalties to the University of California for the use of Franz Lisp.

" He found out that the malicious connotations were present at MIT in 1963 already ( quoting The Tech, a MIT Student Magazine ) and then referred to unauthorized users of the telephone network, The Newsweek article appears to be the first use of the word hacker by the mainstream media in the pejorative sense.

All of these uses now also seem to be spreading beyond MIT as well.

MIT soon came to be called " Boston Tech ".

Because housing assignments are made based on the preferences of the students themselves, diverse social atmospheres can be sustained in different living groups ; for example, according to the Yale Daily News Staff's The Insider's Guide to the Colleges, 2010, " The split between East Campus and West Campus is a significant characteristic of MIT.

In the early 1970s at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Lab, Minsky and Seymour Papert started developing what came to be called The Society of Mind theory.

A description of such mechanisms can be found in the multi-authored volume Origination of Organismal Form ( MIT Press ; 2003 ).

But more recent, and more rigorously conducted, research has revealed that MIT can be very effective at recovering language function.

Symbolics was a spinoff from the MIT AI Lab, one of two companies to be founded by AI Lab staffers and associated hackers for the purpose of manufacturing Lisp machines.

Squeak 4. 0 may be downloaded at no cost, including source code, as a prebuilt virtual machine image licensed under the MIT License, with the exception of some of the original Apple code, which is governed by the Apache License.

Economist Robert Solow of MIT suggested that the 2001-2003 failure of the expected economic recovery should be attributed not to monetary policy failure but to the breakdown in productivity growth in crucial sectors of the economy, most particularly retail trade.

Rivest's S-expressions web page provides C source code for a parser and generator ( available under the MIT license, which could be adapted and embedded into other programs.

These " illusory " objects can be used to create tactile " virtual objects " ( see the MIT Technology Review article The Cutting Edge of Haptics ).

After a year postdoc at University of Warwick, he did research at MIT from 1977 – 1980 before returning to be a member of the faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science at the Weizmann Institute.

Multics required a number of additional features in the CPU to be truly effective, and John Couleur was joined by Edward Glaser at MIT to make the required modifications.

MIT started its millimeter size turbine engine project in the middle of the 1990s when Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics Alan H. Epstein considered the possibility of creating a personal turbine which will be able to meet all the demands of a modern person's electrical needs, just as a large turbine can meet the electricity demands of a small city.

On September 1, 2011 Pfizer announced that it had agreed to a 10-year lease of more than 180, 000 square feet of research space from MIT in a building to be constructed at 610 Main Street South, just north of the MIT campus in Cambridge, Massachusetts, US.

" The Moore School Lectures ", as they came to be known, were attended by representatives from the army, the navy, MIT, the National Bureau of Standards, Cambridge University, Columbia, Harvard, the Institute for Advanced Study, IBM, Bell Labs, Eastman Kodak, General Electric, and National Cash Register.

Robert Jaffe of MIT argues that the Casimir force should not be considered evidence for vacuum energy, since it can be derived in QED without reference to vacuum energy by considering charge-current interactions ( the radiation-reaction picture ).

An essential idea of the MIT exokernel system is that the operating system should act as an executive for small programs provided by the application software, which are constrained only by the requirement that the exokernel must be able to guarantee that they use the hardware safely.

However, the Massachusetts Bay Transit Authority ( MBTA ) sued the students and MIT in United States District Court in Massachusetts on August 8, claiming that the students violated the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act ( CFAA ) by delivering information to conference attendees that could be used to defraud the MBTA of transit fares.