Many computer programs contain algorithms that detail the specific instructions a computer should perform ( in a specific order ) to carry out a specified task, such as calculating employees ' paychecks or printing students ' report cards.

Many amateurs make valuable contributions in the field of computer programming through the open source movement.

Many board games are now available as video games, which can include the computer itself as one of several players, or as sole opponent.

Many board games can now be played online against a computer and / or other players.

Many computer scientists consider these series of computers to be technologically groundbreaking.

Many computer programs fail to display bi-directional text correctly.

Many printers are local peripherals connected directly to a nearby personal computer.

Many can be used on a standalone basis without a computer, using a memory card or USB connector.

Many ciphers are based on publicly known algorithms or are open source, and so it is only the difficulty of obtaining the key that determines security of the system, provided that there is no analytic attack ( i. e., a ' structural weakness ' in the algorithms or protocols used ), and assuming that the key is not otherwise available ( such as via theft, extortion, or compromise of computer systems ).

Many computer languages require garbage collection, either as part of the language specification ( e. g., Java, C #, and most scripting languages ) or effectively for practical implementation ( e. g., formal languages like lambda calculus ); these are said to be garbage collected languages.

Many ( but not all ) computer systems use extensions in file names to help identify what they contain, also known as the file type.

Many modern computer systems provide methods for protecting files against accidental and deliberate damage.

Many of the existence proofs and some of the uniqueness proofs for the sporadic groups originally used computer calculations, most of which have since been replaced by shorter hand proofs.

Many smaller computer companies had come and gone in the 1950s, wiped out when new technical developments rendered their platforms obsolete, and even large companies like RCA and General Electric were failing to make a profit in the market.

Many young computer scientists fled from the universities to startups and private research labs like Xerox PARC.

Many exploits are designed to provide superuser-level access to a computer system.

Many of his opinions on computer science and programming have become widespread.

Many computer systems require low interrupt latencies, especially embedded systems that need to control machinery in real-time.

Many areas of mathematics and computer science have been brought to bear on the problem, including elliptic curves, algebraic number theory, and quantum computing.

Many natural computer science problems are covered by the class NP.

Many other computer programs are also capable of processing or creating plain text, such as countless commands in DOS, Windows, MacOS, and Unix and its kin ; as well as web browsers ( a few browsers such as Lynx and the Line Mode Browser produce only plain text for display ).

Many shareware developers are individual computer programmers who develop their own product.

Many of the technological skills were penalized by the complexity of the robot, security system, or computer the character was attempting to manipulate ( also rated from 1 to 6 ).

Many SGI graphics engineers left to work at other computer graphics companies such as ATI and Nvidia, contributing to the PC 3D graphics revolution.

Many companies have systems, particularly in R & D, which work more or less well, depending upon size and actual belief in the policy on the part of administration, as will be abundantly apparent in subsequent quotations.

Many of the suggested systems seem to have only the most tenuous relationship to the language structures that they purport to represent.

Many school systems now employ school psychologists and child guidance specialists.

Many religions, whether they believe in the soul's existence in another world like Christianity, Islam and many pagan belief systems, or in reincarnation like many forms of Hinduism and Buddhism, believe that one's status in the afterlife is a reward or punishment for their conduct during life.

Many cultures have attached importance to astronomical events, and the Indians, Chinese, and Mayans developed elaborate systems for predicting terrestrial events from celestial observations.

Many stories have developed since the founding long ago to become a part of America's folklore and cultural awareness, and non-native American folklore especially includes any narrative which has contributed to the shaping of American values and belief systems.

Many diseases are transmitted by poorly functioning sewage systems.

Many systems became quite sophisticated in graphic presentation, especially considering that the system was confined to ASCII codes.

Many civilizations and societies have devised a calendar, usually derived from other calendars on which they model their systems, suited to their particular needs.

Many worms that have been created are designed only to spread, and don't attempt to change the systems they pass through.

Many systems for generating musical scores actually existed well before the time of computers.

Many systems have unintentionally resulted in the first possibility.

Many religious and mythological systems contain myths about a paradise.

Many systems of collation are based on numerical order or alphabetical order, or extensions and combinations thereof.

Many large cable systems have upgraded or are upgrading their equipment to allow for bi-directional signals, thus allowing for greater upload speed and always-on convenience, though these upgrades are expensive.

Many other coordinate systems have been developed since Descartes, such as the polar coordinates for the plane, and the spherical and cylindrical coordinates for three-dimensional space.

Many operating systems use name resolution logic that allows the administrator to configure selection priorities for available name resolution methods.

Many small-format digital SLR camera systems allow using many of the same lenses on both full-frame and “ cropped format ” cameras.

Many of the people involved with INGRES became convinced of the future commercial success of such systems, and formed their own companies to commercialize the work but with an SQL interface.

Many results in classical thermodynamics are not easily applied to non-equilibrium systems.

Many patented their systems such as Dee Dee Chandler of New Orleans 1904-05.

Many of the concepts in dynamical systems can be extended to infinite-dimensional manifolds — those that are locally Banach spaces — in which case the differential equations are partial differential equations.