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Mao's wife Jiang Qing, meanwhile, had formed an informal radical political alliance with Shanghai revolution organizer Wang Hongwen, who seems to have gained Mao's favour as a possible successor, as well as Shanghai Revolutionary Committee Chairman Zhang Chunqiao and propaganda writer Yao Wenyuan, all of whom were elevated to the Politburo by the 10th Congress.
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Mao's and wife
During this period, in February 1935, Mao's wife, He Zizhen, gave birth to a daughter.
Hence Chiang Ching was still able to use her position as Mao's wife to deceive people.
Jiang confined Mao's third wife, Jiang's predecessor, to a mental hospital for several decades.
His chief lieutenants, Lin Biao and Mao's third wife Jiang Qing, had manipulated the turmoil in these areas to glorify Mao to a godlike status while ignoring some of his directives.
During the Cultural Revolution, the repression and intimidation led by Mao's fourth wife, Jiang Qing, succeeded in drying up all cultural activity except a few " model " operas and heroic novels, such as those by Hao Ran ( 浩然 ).
From 1966 – 1970, radical factions within the Communist Party, led by Lin Biao and Mao's wife, Jiang Qing, singled out Peng for national persecution, and Peng was publicly humiliated in numerous large-scale struggle sessions and subjected to physical and psychological torture in organized efforts to force Peng to confess his " crimes " against Mao Zedong and the Communist Party.
When Peng's wife suggested the couple spend more free time visiting Mao's quarters, Peng was reluctant, stating that Mao's surroundings were " too luxuriously furnished " for him to tolerate.
The Party Secretariat attempted to shield Peng, but Mao's wife, Jiang Qing, took a personal interest in Peng's persecution and directed Red Guards in Sichuan to find Peng in Chengdu, arrest him, and deliver him to Beijing to be persecuted.
Yang's defection earned him Mao's trust, but Yang's wife was not able to leave Zhang's force, and the couple did not reunite until 1936, after Zhang's force was decisively defeated by Kuomintang warlords, and the survivors fled back to Yan ' an.
Mao's wife, on the other hand, was to be " not just a shrieking coloratura, but also someone who in the opera's final act can reveal her private fantasies, her erotic desires, and even a certain tragic awareness.
Perhaps the best known unit was the " Attack with Reason, Defend with Force Corps " named for the militant slogan of Mao's wife, Jiang Qing.
In February 1971 Lin and his wife, Ye Qun ( who was then a Politburo member ), began to plot Mao's assassination.
In 1973 Jiang Qing, Mao's fourth wife and a former political ally of Lin's, started the Criticize Lin, Criticize Confucius campaign, aimed at using Lin's scarred image to attack Zhou Enlai.
#* Significance: " Gang of Four " led by Mao's wife Jiang Qing reach paramount power ; first CPC Congress after US President Richard Nixon's visit to PRC.
During the Cultural Revolution, the repression and intimidation led by Mao's fourth wife, Jiang Qing, succeeded in drying up all cultural activity except a few " model " operas and heroic stories.
According to one of Mao's granddaughters, Kong Dongmei ( 孔东梅 ), Mao's third wife He Zizhen was initially banned from visiting the mausoleum, for reasons never explained by the Chinese government.
The Communist Party is very much against Mao's affair with Lan Ping, in large part because they have worked hard to build up the image of his second wife as a martyr for the cause and do not want Mao's image to be tarnished in any way as an adulterer.
Mao's and Jiang
Furthermore, despite Mao's efforts to put on a show of unity at the Congress, the factional divide between Lin Biao's PLA camp and the Jiang Qing-led radical camp was intensifying.
With Mao's health on the decline, it was clear that Jiang Qing had political ambitions of her own.
Jiang Qing served as Mao's personal secretary in the 1940s and was head of the Film Section of the CPC Propaganda Department in the 1950s.
Around the time of Chairman Mao's death, Jiang Qing and her proteges maintained control of many of China's power institutions, including a heavy hand in the media and propaganda.
Because Mao's marriage to He had not yet ended, Jiang was reportedly made to sign a marital contract which stipulated that she would not appear in public with Mao as her escort.
Jiang and Mao's only child together, a daughter named Li Na, was born in 1940.
When given free rein, Jiang also wreaked vengeance on Mao's family.
When Mao's eldest son was killed in the Korean War, his widow accused Jiang of feeling " immense ecstasy ".
Jiang had several of Mao's children, and / or their spouses, arrested.
Poster showing Jiang Qing promoting the fine arts during the Cultural Revolution while holding Mao's " The Little Red Book | Little Red Book.
The party apparatus, under orders from Jiang Qing and Zhang Chunqiao, wrote a eulogy affirming Mao's achievements in order to justify their claims to power.
Jiang Qing showed few signs of sorrow during the days following Mao's death.
On the morning of October 6, 1976, Jiang Qing came to Mao's former residence in Zhongnanhai, gathered her close aides and Mao's former personal aides in a " Study Mao's Work " session.
Since it was common knowledge that Li Xiannian was a great opponent of Jiang Qing and the whole Gang of Four, and that after Mao's death in September of that year, they were still quite influential, Li Xiannian feared eavesdropping.
It was at this trial that Jiang Qing made the famous quote: " I was Chairman Mao's dog.
After Mao's death, Hua took on the titles of Chairman of the Communist Party of China and the Chairman of the Central Military Commission, to the surprise and dismay of Jiang Qing and the rest of the Gang of Four.
On 6 October, less than a month after Mao's death, anti-Gang of Four leaders with Hua at its core executed the arrest of Jiang Qing and her followers, as word came out that the Gang of Four was to soon wage a military coup against the Hua leadership of the CPC.
Mao's and Qing
The Gang of Four, which consisted of Jiang Qing ( Madame Mao ), and three other members meteorically promoted in the late 1960s, were the only members of the first generation of leadership to remain after Mao's death in 1976.
Mao's and had
He had believed that Mao's policies were largely responsible for the famine, but that Mao was misled about it, and finally when he found out, he stopped it and changed his policies.
Mao's childhood home in Shaoshan, in 2010, by which time it had become a tourist destination.
After being confirmed as Mao's successor, Lin's supporters focused on the restoration of the position of State Chairman, which had been abolished by Mao after the purge of Liu Shaoqi.
By December 1967, 350 million copies of Mao's Quotations had been printed.
Zhou, who had come to appreciate Mao's strategies after the series of military failures waged by other Party leaders since 1927, defended Mao, but was unsuccessful.
The most senior leaders to support Mao in 1932 were Zhou Enlai, who had become disillusioned with the strategic leadership of other senior leaders in the Party, and Mao's old comrade, Zhu De.
Finally, in October 1935, Mao's army reached Shaanxi province and joined with local Communist forces there, led by Liu Zhidan, Gao Gang, and Xu Haidong, who had already established a Soviet base in northern Shaanxi.
Mao's role was mythologized to the point where ... it seemed he had single-handedly saved the Red Army and defeated Chiang Kai-shek ".
It was also revealed that Mao's physician, Li Zhisui, had diagnosed her as a hypochondriac.
This time she wanted the medical staff to change Mao's sleeping position, claiming that he had been lying too long on his left side.
There had been reports that she planned to defend herself by cloaking herself in Mao's mantle, saying that she did only what he approved.
Several years earlier, he had been instrumental in trying to develop the PLA into a well-equipped, professional fighting force, as opposed to Mao's belief that soldiers who were revolutionary enough could overcome any obstacle.
It became so bad by August 1967 that people had to carry two or three copies of Mao's Little Red Book in public to avoid being attacked.
Lin Biao, having gained Mao's trust, had his name codified into the Constitution of both the State and Party as Mao's designated successor.
In addition, China's population which had remained constant at 400 million from the Opium War to the end of the Civil War, mushroomed to 700 million as of Mao's death.
By 1962 Liu's opposition to Mao's policies had led Mao to distrust Liu.
After the Cultural Revolution was announced, most of the most senior members of the CPP who had voiced any hesitation in following Mao's direction, including Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping, were removed from their posts almost immediately ; and, with their families, subjected to mass criticism and humiliation.
Although he recognized the value of Mao's interpretation of Marxism in inciting the Chinese peasants and labourers to revolution, Chen opposed Mao's rejection of the strong role of the bourgeoisie that Chen had hoped to achieve.
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