Among the goals of ethnology have been the reconstruction of human history, and the formulation of cultural invariants, such as the incest taboo and culture change, and the formulation of generalizations about " human nature ", a concept which has been criticized since the 19th century by various philosophers ( Hegel, Marx, structuralism, etc .).

The FBI has generated files on numerous celebrities including Elvis Presley, Frank Sinatra, John Denver, John Lennon, Jane Fonda, Groucho Marx, Charlie Chaplin, MC5, Lou Costello, Sonny Bono, Bob Dylan, Michael Jackson, Mickey Mantle, and Gene Autry.

Marx has been described as one of the most influential figures in human history.

Marx said, " Our newspaper has to be presented to the police to be sniffed at, and if the police nose smells anything un-Christian or un-Prussian, the newspaper is not allowed to appear.

These books laid the foundation for Marx and Engels's most famous work, a political pamphlet that has since come to be commonly known as The Communist Manifesto.

From December 1851 to March 1852 Marx wrote The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Napoleon, a work on the French Revolution of 1848, in which he expanded upon his concepts of historical materialism, class struggle and the dictatorship of the proletariat, advancing the argument that victorious proletariat has to smash the bourgeois state.

Marx polemic with other thinkers often occurred through critique, and thus he has been called " the first great user of critical method in social sciences.

Marx thus departs from Hegel by insisting that " the fact that man is a corporeal, actual, sentient, objective being with natural capacities means that he has actual, sensuous objects for his nature as objects of his life-expression, or that he can only express his life in actual sensuous objects.

Marx is widely considered one of the most influential thinkers in history, who has had a significant influence on both world politics and intellectual thought, and in a 1999 BBC poll was voted the top " thinker of the millennium ".

The latter has also come true ; as in the developed world, through liberal reforms, trade unions won many concessions, improving the situation of the workers ( something that Marx considered very unlikely ); in the more populated parts of the world such as Africa, India, and China the populations continue to grow and all the industry is moving there if it has not already established itself in the last two decades.

" Marx responds to this in his third volume of Capital with his competition of capitals theory, a mathematical transformation that has been fiercely debated.

* In the Marx Brothers ' 1931 comedy Monkey Business, Harpo joins a live Punch & Judy show ( performed by an uncredited Al Flosso, a famous American Punchman ) while trying to avoid capture by the crew members of the ship he has stowed away on.

Marx, like many critical theorists who followed, did not reject the existence of objective truth but rather distinguished between true knowledge and knowledge that has been distorted through power or ideology.

He was a leading member of the Frankfurt School of critical theory, whose work has come to be associated with thinkers such as Ernst Bloch, Walter Benjamin, Max Horkheimer and Herbert Marcuse, for whom the work of Freud, Marx and Hegel were essential to a critique of modern society.

Just because in this moment religion has some positive consequences, says Marx, doesn't mean that viewed historically it isn't a regressive institution that should be abolished.

Most recently, Winterberg has proposed the ignition of a deuterium microexplosion, with a gigavolt super-Marx generator, which is a Marx generator driven by up to 100 ordinary Marx generators

The idea of an unchangeable human nature has been criticized by Kierkegaard, Marx, Heidegger, Sartre, and many other existential thinkers.

He probably read some early Japanese works on Marx, and it has been claimed that he even attended Kawakami Hajime's lectures at Kyoto University.

Drawing from Marx, which argued that under a capitalist society the wealth is degraded to an immense accumulation of commodities, Debord argues that in advanced capitalism, life is reduced to an immense accumulation of spectacles, a triumph of mere appearance where " all that once was directly lived has become mere representation ".

Charles Dickens, Adam Smith, Benjamin Franklin, Karl Marx, William Hogarth, John Diefenbaker and Stephen Hawking are some of the notable RSA's members and it has today more than 27, 000 Fellows from 70 countries worldwide.

Norman Geras has argued that Karl Marx was a moral realist.

Creative destruction, sometimes known as Schumpeter's gale, is a term in economics which has since the 1950s become most readily identified with the Austrian-American economist Joseph Schumpeter, who adapted it from the work of Karl Marx and popularized it as a theory of economic innovation and the business cycle.

At the same time, the Grundlegung systematically integrated previous specialized work done at Free University of Berlin in the ' 70s by critical psychologists who also had been influenced by Marx, Leontyev and Seve.

Being himself one of the leaders of the Communist Party of Italy, ( CPI ), his theories had, in turn, been strongly influenced by the German social thinker Karl Marx, and have their ideological roots grounded in Marxist theory of false consciousness and capitalist exploitation.

However, their efforts were unable to stop the spread of revolutionary movements: the middle classes had been deeply influenced by the ideals of the French revolution, the Industrial Revolution brought important economical and social changes, the lower classes started to be influenced by socialist, communist and anarchistic ideas ( especially those summarised by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in The Communist Manifesto ), and the preference of the new capitalists became Liberalism.

The writings of Karl Marx, influenced by Hegel, also contain historicism.

Although critical of Bauer, Marx was increasingly influenced by the ideas of the other Young Hegelians Max Stirner and Ludwig Feuerbach, but eventually also abandoned Feuerbachian materialism as well.

Here Marx elaborated his labour theory of value ( influenced by Thomas Hodgskin ) and his conception of surplus value and exploitation, which he argued would ultimately lead to a falling rate of profit and the collapse of industrial capitalism.

Here he was influenced by the American thinker Henry George ( see Georgism ) and German thinker Karl Marx ; the land value tax in Taiwan is a legacy thereof.

Maurice Merleau-Ponty () ( 14 March 1908 – 3 May 1961 ) was a French phenomenological philosopher, strongly influenced by Karl Marx, Edmund Husserl, and Martin Heidegger in addition to being closely associated with Jean-Paul Sartre ( who later stated he had been " converted " to Marxism by Merleau-Ponty ) and Simone de Beauvoir.

* G. W. F. Hegel: Emphasized the " cunning " of history, arguing that it followed a rational trajectory, even while embodying seemingly irrational forces ; influenced Marx, Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, and Oakeshott.

Proudhon's theory of property greatly influenced the budding socialist movement, inspiring anarchist theorists such as Mikhail Bakunin who modified Proudhon's ideas, as well as antagonizing theorists like Karl Marx.

His writing influenced many subsequent novelists such as Marcel Proust, Émile Zola, Charles Dickens, Edgar Allan Poe, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Gustave Flaubert, Benito Pérez Galdós, Marie Corelli, Henry James, William Faulkner, Jack Kerouac, and Italo Calvino, and philosophers such as Friedrich Engels and Karl Marx.

Hyppolite devoted his energies to uniting the existentialist theories then in vogue among French philosophers with the dialectical theories of Hegel and Karl Marx ( 1818 – 1883 ); these ideas influenced the young Foucault, who would adopt Hyppolite's conviction that philosophy must be developed through a study of history.

The two influenced each other: they met in Paris while Marx was exiled there.

The town is later re-named Boerne, for German-Jewish political writer Ludwig Börne, who influenced Karl Marx.

Mannheim's work was influenced by Lukac's Marxist view, as he credits Marx as the forerunner to the sociology of knowledge.

Ferguson's critique of commercial society went far beyond that of Smith, and influenced Hegel and Marx.

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels were strongly influenced by Feuerbach's atheism, though they criticised him for his inconsistent espousal of materialism.

Marx and Engels thought that Lassalle was not a true Communist as he directly influenced Bismarck's government ( albeit in secret ) in favor of universal manhood suffrage, among other issues.

Hafez not only influenced in religious inquiry, but secular philosophers such as Engels mentioned him in the text below, extracted from Engels ' letter to Marx:

His work is influenced by theorists and philosophers such as Karl Marx, Sigmund Freud, Michel Foucault and Roland Barthes.

According to Michael Crick, its politics were influenced by Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, Vladimir Lenin and Leon Trotsky and " virtually nobody else ".

Its thinkers were particularly influenced by the failure of the working-class revolution in Western Europe ( precisely where Marx had predicted that a communist revolution would take place ) and by the rise of Nazism in such an economically and technologically advanced nation as Germany.

A master ad libber, Allen often tangled with his network's executives ( and often barbed them on the air over the battles ), while developing routines the style and substance of which influenced contemporaries and futures among comic talents, including Groucho Marx, Stan Freberg, Henry Morgan and Johnny Carson, but his fans also included President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and novelists William Faulkner, John Steinbeck and Herman Wouk ( who began his career writing for Allen ).