For further confusion, the most reproduced anatomy diagram of a Megalosaurus skeleton was produced before any vertebrae had been recovered.

As much mud in the streets as if the waters had but newly retired from the face of the earth, and it would not be wonderful to meet a Megalosaurus, forty feet long or so, waddling like an elephantine lizard up Holborn Hill.

Megalosaurus ( meaning " Great Lizard ", from Greek, μεγαλο -/ megalo-meaning ' big ', ' tall ' or ' great ' and σαυρος / sauros meaning ' lizard ') is a genus of large meat-eating theropod dinosaurs of the Middle Jurassic period ( Bathonian stage, 166 million years ago ) of Europe ( Southern England, France, Portugal ).

For decades after its discovery, Megalosaurus was viewed by many researchers as a definitive or typical large carnivorous dinosaur.

However, the long tail would have balanced the body and head and so Megalosaurus is now restored as bipedal — like all other theropods — about 9 meters in length.

A year later, in 1827, Gideon Mantell included Megalosaurus in his geological survey of southeastern England, and assigned the species its current binomial name, Megalosaurus bucklandii.

The Oxford University Museum of Natural History contains a descriptive display of Megalosaurus and of the history of its discovery.

Furthermore, several researchers failed to find any characteristics in the jaw that could be used to distinguish Megalosaurus from its relatives, and many began to regard it as a nomen dubium.

A Megalosaurus rib figured in 1856 and 1884 by Sir Richard Owen has a pathological swollen spot near the base of its capitular process.

A Megalosaurus was one of the main dinosaurs featured in John Brosnan's 1984 novel, Carnosaur, though it was not featured in its film adaptation.

Originally called Megalosaurus saharicus ( many theropods were once erroneously referred to as Megalosaurus ), its name was changed in 1931 by Ernst Stromer von Reichenbach to that used today.

The name became a wastebasket taxon, rather like the dinosaur Megalosaurus, to label any pterosaur remains that could not be distinguished other than by the absence of teeth.

When first described in 1924, Velociraptor was placed in the family Megalosauridae, as was the case with most carnivorous dinosaurs at the time ( Megalosauridae, like Megalosaurus, functioned as a sort of ' wastebin ' taxon, where many unrelated species were grouped together ).

The dinosaurs were Parasaurolophus, Megalosaurus, Dilophosaurus, Pachycephalosaurus, Rhamphorhynchus ( not a dinosaur ), Brachiosaurus, Stegosaurus, Triceratops, Apatosaurus,

They were thought to have been made by Megalosaurus and possibly also some left by Cetiosaurus.

Some confusion still exists, for at one time, all theropods from Europe were given the title Megalosaurus.

They were thought to have been made by Megalosaurus and possibly Cetiosaurus.

Despite being formed in a marine environment, the oolite, like the lower Lias, contains some fossilised remains of land-dwelling creatures, including two species of Megalosaurus that were found near Sherborne.

The first fossil bones to be described as those of a dinosaur of the genus Megalosaurus were found close to Stonesfield and named in 1824 by William Buckland.

Oxford Clay remains attributed to Megalosaurus were actually indeterminate theropod remains.

Thecodontosaurus was the fifth dinosaur named, after Megalosaurus, Iguanodon, Streptospondylus and Hylaeosaurus, though Riley and Stutchbury were not aware of this, the very concept Dinosauria only being created in 1842.

Since those first finds, many other Megalosaurus bones have been recovered but still no complete skeleton has been found.

Conybeare's presentation was made at the same meeting at which William Buckland described the dinosaur Megalosaurus and the combination created a sensation in scientific circles.

Named in 1825 by English geologist Gideon Mantell, Iguanodon was the second type of dinosaur formally named, after Megalosaurus.

Together with Megalosaurus and Hylaeosaurus, it was one of the three genera originally used to define Dinosauria.

* 1824 — Buckland finds lower jaw of the carnivorous dinosaur Megalosaurus.

* 1841 — Anatomist Richard Owen creates a new order of reptiles, dinosauria, for animals: Iguanodon, Megalosaurus, and Hylaeosaurus, found by Mantell and Buckland.

Dr William Buckland DD FRS ( 12 March 1784 – 14 August 1856 ) was an English theologian who became Dean of Westminster, and a geologist and palaeontologist, who wrote the first full account of a fossil dinosaur, which he named Megalosaurus.

* Robert Plot publishes The Natural History of Oxford-shire, being an essay toward the natural history of England, in which he describes the fossilised femur of a human giant, now known to be from the dinosaur Megalosaurus.

* The first fossilised bone of what is now known to be a dinosaur is discovered in England by Robert Plot, the femur of a Megalosaurus from a limestone quarry at Cornwell near Chipping Norton, Oxfordshire.

Megalosaurus may have been the first dinosaur to be described in the scientific literature.

The bone has since been lost but the illustration is detailed enough that some have since identified it as that of Megalosaurus.

Technically, though, the name was published after the advent of binomial nomenclature, and so if it was truly intended to represent the establishment of a new genus it would have priority over Megalosaurus.

Sarjeant submitted a petition to the ICZN to formally suppress the genus name Scrotum in favor of Megalosaurus.

Furthermore, the partial femur was too incomplete to definitely be referred to Megalosaurus and not a different, contemporary theropod.

Engraving from William Buckland's " Notice on the Megalosaurus or great Fossil Lizard of Stonesfield ", 1824.

Buckland identified the organism as being a giant animal related to the Sauria ( lizards ) and he placed it in the new genus Megalosaurus, estimating the animal to be 12 m long in life.

In 1826, Ferdinand von Ritgen gave this dinosaur a complete binomial, Megalosaurus conybeari, which was not used by later authors and is now considered a nomen oblitum.

In 1852, Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins was commissioned to build a model of Megalosaurus for the exhibition of dinosaurs at the Crystal Palace in Sydenham, where it remains to this day.

Hence, many later drawings, based on his original, show Megalosaurus with a deep spinal ridge or even a small sail, like that of Spinosaurus.

The younger men, Vere, and Pembroke, who was also Edward's cousin and whose Lusignan blood gave him the swarthy complexion that caused Edward of Carnarvon's irreverent friend, Piers Gaveston, to nickname him `` Joseph the Jew '', were relatively new to the game of diplomacy, but Pontissara had been on missions to Rome before, and Hotham, a man of great learning, `` jocund in speech, agreeable to meet, of honest religion, and pleasing in the eyes of all '', and an archbishop to boot, was as reliable and experienced as Othon himself.

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But this fluent, enchanting utterance had, compared with important artists of the past, relatively little content.

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The year 1166 was relatively quiet, but Amalric sent envoys to the Byzantine Empire seeking an alliance and a Byzantine wife, and throughout the year had to deal with raids by Nur ad-Din, who captured Banias.

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In painting, Dürer had relatively little influence in Italy, where probably only his altarpiece in Venice was seen, and his German successors were less effective in blending German and Italian styles.

Black powder had many disadvantages as a propellant ; it has relatively low power, requiring large amounts of powder to fire projectiles, and created thick clouds of white smoke that would obscure the targets, betray the positions of guns and make aiming impossible.

It is probable that the power of Aegina had steadily declined during the twenty years after Salamis, and that it had declined absolutely, as well as relatively, to that of Athens.

While blind and visually impaired people had contributed to the body of common literature for centuries, one notable example being the author of Paradise Lost, John Milton, the creation of autobiographical materials, or materials specific to blindness, is relatively new.

South America is a relatively peaceful continent in which wars are a rare event ; as a result, Brazil hasn't had its territory invaded since year 1865 during the Paraguayan War.

Having presided over relatively serene political, economic and social conditions, the feeling of prosperity in the UK had been maintained into the new millennium, and Labour would have a free hand to assert its ideals in the subsequent parliament.

Some believed that Hague had been unlucky, although most considered him to be a talented orator and an intelligent statesman, he had come up against the charismatic Tony Blair in the pomp of his political career, and it was no surprise that little progress was made in reducing Labour's majority after a relatively smooth parliament.

He says relatively little about the achievements of Mercia and Wessex, omitting, for example, any mention of Boniface, a West Saxon missionary to the continent of some renown and of whom Bede had almost certainly heard, though Bede does discuss Northumbrian missionaries to the continent.

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Londinium was a relatively new settlement, founded after the conquest of 43AD, but it had grown to be a thriving commercial centre with a population of travellers, traders, and, probably, Roman officials.

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The Serbs and the Greeks had a military advantage on the eve of the war because their armies confronted comparatively weak Ottoman forces in the First Balkan War and suffered relatively light casualties while the Bulgarians were involved in heavy fighting in Thrace.

By the 1st century CE, the inhabitants had developed relatively stable, organized societies and spoke languages very much related to the Cambodian or Khmer of the present day.

The depiction of Cerberus is relatively consistent between different works and authors, the common theme of the mane of serpents is kept across works, as is the serpent's tail, most literary works of the era describe Cerberus as having three heads with the only notable exception being Hesiod's Theogony in which he had 50 heads.