Modern warfare was born in this campaign -- periscopes, camouflage, booby traps, land mines, extended order, trench raids, foxholes, armored cars, night attacks, flares, sharpshooters in trees, interlaced vines and treetops, which were the forerunners of barbed wire, trip wires to thwart a cavalry charge, which presaged the mine trap, and the general use of anesthetics.

He was able to smell a bargain -- and a masterpiece -- a continent away, and the Museum of Modern Art's Alfred Barr said of him: `` I have never mentioned a new artist that Thompson didn't know about ''.

German Alpen is the accusative in origin, but was made the nominative in Modern German, whence also Alm.

Modern commentators speculate ( or sometimes state as fact ) that Álfheim was one of the nine worlds ( heima ) mentioned in stanza 2 of the eddic poem Völuspá.

Alexander I ( c. 1078 – 23 April 1124 ), also called Alaxandair mac Maíl Coluim ( Modern Gaelic: Alasdair mac Mhaol Chaluim ) and nicknamed " The Fierce ", was King of the Scots from 1107 to his death.

Alexander II ( Mediaeval Gaelic: Alaxandair mac Uilliam ; Modern Gaelic: Alasdair mac Uilleim ) ( 24 August 1198 – 6 July 1249 ) was King of Scots from

Alexander III ( Medieval Gaelic: Alaxandair mac Alaxandair ; Modern Gaelic: Alasdair mac Alasdair ) ( 4 September 1241 – 19 March 1286 ) was King of Scots from 1249 to his death.

Modern Latin America was not a British-style system of overseas colonies.

Aeolus (, Aiolos, Modern Greek: ), a name shared by three mythic characters, was the ruler of the winds in Greek mythology.

Modern weapons include the Russian ZSU-23-4 Shilka and Tunguska-M1, South Korean K30 Biho and K263A1 radar-guided Vulcan, Chinese Type 95 SPAAA, Swedish CV9040 AAV, Polish PZA Loara, American M6 Bradley Linebacker and M1097 Humvee Avenger, Yugoslavian BOV-3, Canadian ADATS, aging German Gepard, Japanese Type 87 SPAAG and similar versions with the British Marksman turret ( which was also adapted for a number of other users ), Italian SIDAM 25 and Otomatic, and versions of the French AMX-13.

Modern advertising was created with the innovative techniques introduced with tobacco advertising in the 1920s, most significantly with the campaigns of Edward Bernays, which is often considered the founder of modern, Madison Avenue advertising.

Modern Bulgarian was based essentially on the Eastern dialects of the language, but its pronunciation is in many respects a compromise between East and West Bulgarian ( see especially the phonetic sections below ).

Modern scholarly thinking is that the books originated by combining a number of independent texts of various ages when the larger Deuteronomistic history ( the Former Prophets plus Deuteronomy ) was being composed in the period c. 630-540 BCE.

Modern estimates suggest half of Europe's population was wiped out before the plague disappeared in the 700s.

Modern historians disagree on whether the plague was a critical factor in the loss of the war.

More recently, William D. Rubinstein, Professor of Modern History at Aberystwyth University, Wales, wrote that Conservative politician and pro-Zionist Leo Amery, as Assistant Secretary to the British war cabinet in 1917, was the main author of the Balfour Declaration.

" Ten Thousand Dollars A Page " was filmed at the Pasadena Art Museum, later known as the Pasadena Museum of Modern Art and now the Norton Simon Museum of Art.

Modern Times was announced by Chaplin as " a satire on certain phases of our industrial life.

Modern Times ( 1936 ), which depicted factory workers in dismal conditions, was the first of his films that was seen by critics to contain an anti-capitalist message, although Chaplin denied the film being in any way political.

" Smile ", composed originally for Modern Times ( 1936 ) and later set to lyrics by John Turner and Geoffrey Parsons, was a hit for Nat King Cole in 1954.

Although the first representatives of leafy trees and true grasses emerged in the Cretaceous, the flora was still dominated by conifers like Araucaria ( Here: Modern Araucaria araucana in Chile ).

Of Japan's influence on the genre, William Gibson said, " Modern Japan simply was cyberpunk.

The term " consequentialism " was coined by G. E. M. Anscombe in her essay " Modern Moral Philosophy " in 1958, to describe what she saw as the central error of certain moral theories, such as those propounded by Mill and Sidgwick.

The glossing was probably brought to England as Old French crimne ( 12th century form of Modern French crime ), from Latin crimen ( in the genitive case: criminis ).

Modern taiko was established in 1951 by Daihachi Oguchi.

Modern dimensions of the classical instrument were established by the Spaniard Antonio de Torres Jurado ( 1817 – 1892 ).

In the 1960s, Northwestern University Press, in alliance with the Newberry Library and the Modern Language Association, established ongoing publication runs of Melville's various titles.

The first Modern Islamic state ( with the possible exception of Zia's Pakistan ) was established among the Shia of Iran.

Modern liberalism has its roots in the Age of Enlightenment and rejects many foundational assumptions that dominated most earlier theories of government, such as the Divine Right of Kings, hereditary status, and established religion.

After the war ended Sartre established Les Temps Modernes ( Modern Times ), a quarterly literary and political review, and started writing full-time as well as continuing his political activism.

The Ludwig Mies van der Rohe Archive, an administratively independent section of the Museum of Modern Art's department of architecture and design, was established in 1968 by the museum's trustees.

In the 20th century, a segment of the Orthodox population ( notably as represented by the World Agudath Israel movement formally established in 1912 ) disagreed with Modern Orthodoxy and took a stricter approach.

Modern day Pakistan was conquered by Chandragupta Maurya, who overthrew the powerful Nanda Dynasty of Magadha and established Maurya empire: He conquered the trans-Indus region to the west, which was under Macedonian rule-annexing Balochistan, south eastern parts of Iran and much of what is now Afghanistan, including the modern Herat and Kandahar provinces-and then defeated the invasion led by Seleucus I, a Greek general from Alexander's army.

Modern Architecture, as established and developed by people such as Walter Gropius, Le Corbusier, and Philip Johnson, was focused on the pursuit of a perceived ideal perfection, and attempted harmony of form and function, and dismissal of " frivolous ornament.

Modern physical therapy was established in Britain towards the end of the 19th century.

Modern education began in Mysore when a free English school was established in 1833.

In 1980, Brandeis University established the Maurice and Marilyn Cohen Center for Modern Jewish Studies, the first academic center devoted to the study of Jewish life in the United States.

Fellow individualist anarchist Josiah Warren was responsible for Andrew's conversion to radical individualism, and in 1851 they established Modern Times in Brentwood, NY.

Teaneck, and the neighboring communities of Bergenfield and New Milford, has drawn a large number of Modern Orthodox Jews who have established at least fourteen synagogues and four yeshivas ( three high schools and one for young men ).

Modern iron works were not established until the early 19th century, and had a short history that ended before the end of the century.

In 1963, the Modern Language Association of America ( MLA ) established the Center for Editions of American Authors ( CEAA ).

Frieze launched in 1991 embraced the YBAs from the start while established publications such as Art Monthly, Art Review, Modern Painters and Contemporary Art were all re-launched with more focus on emerging British artists.

This song, which was " fundamental to the emergence of soul music ", was " especially well received down South ", " successfully appealed to white consumers by using tidy tone quality, minimal improvisation, and standard, middle-American dialect ", " instantly established Burke as a huge presence ... " also introduced Burke's slightly country-tinged voice that melded R & B and country music and set the template that Ray Charles would follow years latter with his classic Modern Sounds in Country and Western Music.

* Gendai Reiki Hō ( 現代靈氣法, meaning " Modern Spiritual Energy Method ") is a system that incorporates elements of both Japanese and Western Reiki, and was established by Hiroshi Doi.

* Modern Northern Ireland Assembly-a home rule assembly established in 1998.

Modern historians have proposed that the treaty established the river Liris the boundary between their spheres of interest.

The Bennington School let American Modern dancers assemble to develop a dance genre of their own identity, while at the same time established a model for University-level education programs in dance in the United States.

Modern law has generally left the legal lien to cases where it has been historically established without any real effort being made to make it applicable to modern conditions.

Modern settlement of the area was established when a British military fort, Fort Erie, was constructed in 1764.