Modern historians have proposed wide ranging numbers for the infantry, from 20, 000 – 100, 000 with a consensus of perhaps 25, 000 ; estimates for the cavalry are in the range of 1, 000.

Larry Bray held the previous world record ( 1982 ), in which a 52 g stone was thrown 437. 1 m. Modern authorities vary widely in their estimates of the effective range of ancient weapons and of course bows and arrows could also have been used to produce a long-range arcing trajectory, but ancient writers repeatedly stress the sling's advantage of range.

Modern estimates put the size of the tide-raising force ( acceleration ) due to the Sun at about 45 % of that due to the Moon.

Modern historians, using estimates of what the land was able to support, and what Martel could have raised from his realm and supported during the campaign, believe the total Muslim force, counting the outlying raiding parties, which rejoined the main body before Tours, badly outnumbered the Franks.

Modern historians may be more accurate than the mediæval sources as the modern figures are based on estimates of the logistical ability of the countryside to support these numbers of men and animals.

After construction expenses for the new galleries are covered, the Modern estimates that some $ 65 million will go to its $ 650 million endowment.

Modern estimates of Maxentius ' birth year have varied from c. 277 to c. 287, and most date Fausta's birth to c. 298.

Modern Scholars estimates have varied from 6, 000 to 9, 000 for the Boeotian force.

Modern estimates for the number of dead vary widely, from 5, 000 to 30, 000.

Modern estimates of the sizes of the respective armies vary: estimates for the Byzantine army are mostly between 80, 000 and 150, 000, with some estimates as low as 50, 000 and 15, 000 – 20, 000.

Modern estimates tend to be higher ; by 1770, on the eve of the partitions, Commonwealth had a population of about 11m-14m, about 10 % of that-Jewish.

Modern estimates put the population of the city between 40, 000 and 50, 000 at the peak ; In the early period the inner city housed a third that number.

Modern denudation estimates are usually based on stream load measurements taken at gauging stations.

Modern estimates now place M54 at a distance of some 87, 000 light-years, translating into a true radius of 150 light-years across.

Modern estimates suggest Hasdrubal's army was about 30, 000 in strength, and Marcus Livius ' army of roughly equal numbers.

Modern estimates place the population of ancient Palestine at a maximum of around one million.

Modern estimates of their population, including the whole territory in 1600, range as high as 7, 000 people.

Modern estimates range up to in length.

Modern estimates have however been made based on two of his descendants, Geirmund and Håvard Heljarskinn, who are known to have emigrated to Iceland as " old men " when Harald Fairhair consolidated his power in Norway.

Modern econometric estimates have shown the model to perform poorly, however, and adjustments have been suggested, most importantly the assumption that technology is not the same everywhere.

As to how many words in Modern Spanish are of Arabic origin, the estimates vary widely, depending largely on whether the count includes derived forms and place names.

Modern estimates put the height of a destrier at no more than 16 hands, though with a strong and heavy physique.

However the subject pronouns here are grammatically unnecessary and most other constructions suggest that both languages are VSO languages at their core, though Modern Hebrew generally uses SVO construction as well as the modern varieties of Arabic.

Modern studies suggest that, on purchasing power parity basis, one tael of silver was worth about 4130 modern Chinese yuan in the early Tang Dynasty, 2065 in the late Tang Dynasty, and 660. 8 in the mid Ming Dynasty.

Modern occultists suggest that some Hermetic texts may be of Pharaonic origin, and that the legendary " forty-two essential texts " that contain the core Hermetic religious beliefs and philosophy of life remain hidden in a secret library.

Modern techniques of forensic analysis now suggest that some injuries, such as broken bones and crushed skulls, were not the result of torture, but rather due to the weight of the bog.

Modern theories also suggest that Earth's anomalously large moon was formed catastrophically.

Modern historical accounts suggest that, while it was effective in pitched-battle situations such as the Matabele war or the 1898 Battle of Omdurman, its significance owed much to the psychological impact the weapon had.

Latin transliteration, as well as Modern Greek pronunciation, may suggest that the Ionian Sea and Islands are somehow related to Ionia, an Anatolian region ; in fact the Ionian Sea and Ionian Islands are spelled in Greek with an omicron ( Ιόνια ), whereas Ionia has an omega ( Ιωνία ).

Modern potassium-argon dating indicates the formation was created by a lava flow at sometime less than 100, 000 years ago, while other dating methods suggest that the lava flow might have occurred 700, 000 years ago.

Modern excavations suggest that the Victory occupied a niche in an open-air theater and also suggest it accompanied an altar that was within view of the ship monument of Demetrius I Poliorcetes ( 337 – 283 BC ).

Modern detractors of Liu Bei suggest that this incident caused A ' dou to suffer from brain damage and grow up to become an incompetent heir to the state of Shu Han established by his father.

Modern groups and researchers of the " Rosicrucian Enlightenment " suggest that there is much evidence that the Rosicrucian Order not only has made herself known in the early 17th century through the Rosicrucian Manifestos, but has been active since the beginning of the Renaissance period, not only as an hermetic Order, but also through forerunners – geniuses of the western world, sometimes also known to be Freemasons – in the literary, cultural, ethical, political, religious and scientific fields.

At the opposite end of the spectrum to this, the argument has been put forward to suggest that ringforts were in use, if not being built in the Later Medieval and possibly Early Modern period in Gaelic Ireland.

Some Modern Orthodox prayerbooks suggest prayers or psalms to be said on Yom HaShoah.

Shawn was the first to suggest opening a school-a dual-purpose institution that could be a successful source of income and in turn pass on the founders ' ideas of new Modern dance.

Modern humans retain many physical characteristics that suggest a brachiator ancestor, including flexible shoulder joints and fingers well-suited for grasping.

Modern experimental approaches using systems biology have identified many novel components in biological clocks that suggest an integrative view on how organisms maintain circadian oscillation.

Modern scholars suggest that some of the mines flooded because they had eventually been dug to a depth below sea level, while the majority of them, situated far from the sea, were probably exhausted.

Modern critical scholars suggest that the book of the law was most likely Deuteronomy.

These contemporary writings suggest that mutation plays a role in evolution that was proposed by the " mutationists " but rejected in the Modern Synthesis.

Modern interpretations, however, suggest that they had more to do with clan rivalries.

Modern interpretation of the Hebrew verse 12 suggest that Cain went on to live a nomadic lifestyle as well as being excluded from the family unit.

Modern historians suggest, on the basis of these traditions and related placenames, that the Laigin were a group of invaders from Gaul or Britain, who arrived no later than the 6th century BC, and were later incorporated into the medieval genealogical scheme which made all the ruling groups of early Ireland descend from Míl Espáine.