Modern use of AAC began in the 1950s with systems for users who had lost the use of speech following surgical procedures.

Modern weather systems also include wind shear and turbulence detection and terrain and traffic warning systems.

Modern coastal artillery ( for example, Russia's " Bereg " system ) is often self propelled, ( allowing it to avoid counter-battery fire ) and fully integrated, meaning that each battery has all of the support systems that it requires ( maintenance, targeting radar, etc.

Modern Class AB amplifiers commonly have peak efficiencies between 30 – 55 % in audio systems and 50-70 % in radio frequency systems with a theoretical maximum of 78. 5 %.

Modern imaging systems like PostScript, Asymptote, Metafont, and SVG use Bézier splines composed of cubic Bézier curves for drawing curved shapes.

Modern concrete wall systems use both external insulation and thermal mass to create an energy-efficient building.

Modern systems, such as Sogou Pinyin and Google Pinyin, predict the desired characters based on context and user preferences.

Modern flash chromatography systems are sold as pre-packed plastic cartridges, and the solvent is pumped through the cartridge.

Modern guidance systems permit precise attacks.

Modern operating systems have complex systems to properly manage memory.

Modern day control engineering ( also called control systems engineering ) is a relatively new field of study that gained a significant attention during 20th century with the advancement in technology.

Modern cartography is closely integrated with geographic information science ( GIScience ) and constitutes many theoretical and practical foundations of geographic information systems.

Modern cable systems are large, with a single network and headend often serving an entire metropolitan area or county.

The fifth and sixth versions of Gamma World take the game's tendency of mimicking other games to its logical end, adopting the rules systems of other games wholesale: The fifth edition of the game uses the Alternity rules, while the sixth edition uses the d20 Modern rules.

Modern flight management systems have evolved sufficiently to allow a crew to plan a flight not only as to route and altitude, but to specific time of arrival at specific locations.

Modern mainframes can run multiple different instances of operating systems at the same time.

Modern Digital Command Control ( DCC ) systems use alternating current.

Modern systems are designed for users to submit messages to their local servers for policy, not technical, reasons.

Modern hypertext systems with word and phrase-level linking offer more sophistication in connecting relevant information, but until the rise of wiki and other social software models, modern hypertext systems have rarely imitated Bush in providing individuals with the ability to create personal trails and share them with colleagues-or publish them widely.

Modern phonetics begins with attempts — such as those of Joshua Steele ( in Prosodia Rationalis, 1779 ) and Alexander Melville Bell ( in Visible Speech, 1867 ) — to introduce systems of precise notation for speech sounds.

Modern cleanrooms use automated, robotic wafer track systems to coordinate the process.

Modern psychiatric knowledge provides us with many keys to unlock the significance of behavior of the kind.

On the other hand, the bright vision of the future has been directly stated in science fiction concerned with projecting ideal societies -- science fiction, of course, is related, if sometimes distantly, to that utopian literature optimistic about science, literature whose period of greatest vigor in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries produced Edward Bellamy's Looking Backward and H. G. Wells's A Modern Utopia.

`` To give up these notions required a revolution in thought '', Mr. Clark said in reminiscing about the abrupt changes in ideas he experienced when he began reading `` Organic Gardening '' And `` Modern Nutrition '' in a search for help with his problems.

Modern music is available in several facets: raï music is a style typical of Western Algeria with his two fiefs are Oran and Sidi Bel Abbès.

Modern amphibians have fully ossified vertebrae with articular processes.

Modern definitions are concerned with the fundamental chemical reactions common to all acids.

Modern moorings may be anchored by sand screws which look and act very much like oversized screws drilled into the seabed, or by barbed metal beams pounded in ( or even driven in with explosives ) like pilings, or a variety of other non-mass means of getting a grip on the bottom.

* Modern Neopagans, especially Eco-Pagans, sometimes like to describe themselves as animists, meaning that they respect the diverse community of living beings and spirits with whom humans share the world / cosmos.

Modern critics are more likely to find fault with the narrow definition of the citizen body, but in the ancient world the complaint if anything went in the opposite direction.

Modern displays allow weather information to be integrated with moving maps, terrain, and traffic onto a single screen, greatly simplifying navigation.

Modern weapons include the Russian ZSU-23-4 Shilka and Tunguska-M1, South Korean K30 Biho and K263A1 radar-guided Vulcan, Chinese Type 95 SPAAA, Swedish CV9040 AAV, Polish PZA Loara, American M6 Bradley Linebacker and M1097 Humvee Avenger, Yugoslavian BOV-3, Canadian ADATS, aging German Gepard, Japanese Type 87 SPAAG and similar versions with the British Marksman turret ( which was also adapted for a number of other users ), Italian SIDAM 25 and Otomatic, and versions of the French AMX-13.

Woman with Her Throat Cut, 1932 ( cast 1949 ), Museum of Modern Art | Museum of Modern Art, New York City

Modern Jains deny this vehemently, especially with regard to Mahavira himself.

Modern advertising was created with the innovative techniques introduced with tobacco advertising in the 1920s, most significantly with the campaigns of Edward Bernays, which is often considered the founder of modern, Madison Avenue advertising.

Modern birds are characterised by feathers, a beak with no teeth, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a lightweight but strong skeleton.

Modern bicycle brakes may be: rim brakes, in which friction pads are compressed against the wheel rims ; internal hub brakes, in which the friction pads are contained within the wheel hubs ; or disc brakes, with a separate rotor for braking.

The historical development of the Bulgarian language can be described as a transition from a highly synthetic language ( Old Bulgarian ) to a typical analytic language ( Modern Bulgarian ) with Middle Bulgarian as a midpoint in this transition.

Several Cyrillic alphabets with 28 to 44 letters were used in the beginning and the middle of the 19th century during the efforts on the codification of Modern Bulgarian until an alphabet with 32 letters, proposed by Marin Drinov, gained prominence in the 1870s.

Modern cymbals consist of several types of bronze, the most common being B20 bronze, which is roughly 20 % tin, 80 % copper, with traces of silver.

Modern mild ales are mainly dark coloured with an abv of 3 % to 3. 6 %, though there are lighter hued examples, as well as stronger examples reaching 6 % abv and higher.

In Modern Catalan, as in modern Spanish, sí is usually used as a response, although the language retains the word oi, akin to òc, which is sometimes used at the end of yes-no questions and in higher register also as a positive response.

Most professional historians ( defined as paying members of organizations devoted to the propagation of history in higher education, like the American Historical Association ) now refer to the historical periods commonly known as the Renaissance and the Reformation as " the Early Modern Period ".

Modern fibers have a primary polymer overcoat with a refractive index that is slightly higher than that of the cladding, so that light propagating in the cladding is rapidly attenuated and disappears after only a few centimeters of propagation.

Modern American creationism arose out of the theological split over modernist higher criticism and its rejection by the Fundamentalist Christian movement which promoted Biblical literalism and, post 1920, took up the anti-evolution cause led by William Jennings Bryan.

Modern taxonomy does not study criteria such as " higher " and " lower " states of development or distinctions between " main " and " side " branches — only family relationships indicated by cladistic methods are considered relevant.

Modern automated cotton gins offer far higher productivity than their hand-powered forebears.

Modern manufacturing techniques have produced devices with voltages lower than 5. 6 V with negligible temperature coefficients, but as higher voltage devices are encountered, the temperature coefficient rises dramatically.

Modern HPLC systems have been improved to work at much higher pressures, and therefore are able to use much smaller particle sizes in the columns (< 2 m ).

Modern installations partially overcome this disadvantage by adding a preheater, which has the same good solids / gas contact as a shaft kiln, but fuel consumption is still somewhat higher, typically in range of 4, 5 to 6 MJ / t.

Modern sports have seen the development of a higher profile for female athletes in other historically male sports, such as golf, marathons or ice hockey.

In Revolt Against the Modern World, he expounds according to the ancient texts that there is not one Tradition, but two: An older and degenerate tradition that is feminine, matriarchal, unheroic, associated with the telluric negroid racial remnants of Lemuria ( continent ); and a higher one that is masculine, heroic, " Uranian " and purely Aryo-Hyperborean in its origin.

Modern jet-powered airliners have considerably higher useful load fractions, on the order of 45-55 %.

Modern estimates tend to be higher ; by 1770, on the eve of the partitions, Commonwealth had a population of about 11m-14m, about 10 % of that-Jewish.

Modern day priesthood holders ordained to the office of priest ( or higher ) are able to ordain other worthy members to priesthood offices up to their office.

Modern maps show the elevation of the highest of the peaks in the Wudang Shan " proper " as 1612 meters ; however, the entire Wudangshan range has somewhat higher elevations elsewhere.

Modern dimmers are built from silicon-controlled rectifiers ( SCR ) instead of variable resistors, because they have higher efficiency.

Modern builders offer higher basements as an option.

In 1859 he published the book Lessons Introductory to the Modern Higher Algebra ( where the word " higher " means n-dimensional ).

Modern multivitamin products roughly classify into RDA ( recommended dietary allowance ) centric multivitamins with or without iron, RDA centric multivitamin / multimineral formulas with or without iron, higher potency formulas with mostly above RDA components with or without iron, and more specialized formulas by condition, such as for diabetics or by less common components, such as diversified antioxidants, herbal extracts, or premium vitamin and mineral forms.

Modern stepper controllers drive the motor with much higher voltages than the motor nameplate rated voltage, and limit current through chopping.

It was opened predominantly to house the Modern Ballet, TPA and DFTV courses, as the Renfrew Street campus was struggling to accommodate the combination of new courses and higher intake levels.

Modern critics point that the effect of communities ( jatis ) inheriting varna was to bind certain communities to sources of influence, power and economy while locking out others and thus create more affluence for jatis in higher classes and severe poverty for jatis in lower classes and the outcaste Dalit.

Modern irons are investment-cast out of steel alloys, which allows for better-engineered " cavity-back " designs that have lower centers of mass and higher moments of inertia, making the club easier to hit and giving better distance than older forged " muscle-back " designs.