Like Napoleon, he was the worst of losers.

First was the period of codification of existing law: the Code Napoleon in France and the peculiar codification that, in fact, resulted from Austin's restatement and ordering of the Common Law in England.

Until the dissolution of Holy Roman Empire and mediatization of smaller imperial fiefs by Napoleon, the evangelical Abbess of Quedlinburg was also per officio the head of that reichsunmittelbar state.

In honor of his work, Volta was made a count by Napoleon in 1801.

In 1815 he was commissioned by the Pope to superintend the transmission from Paris of those works of art which had formerly been conveyed thither under the direction of Napoleon.

The statue, which is colossal and entitled Napoleon as Mars the Peacemaker, was not finished till four years after.

It was commissioned in 1806 after the victory at Austerlitz by Emperor Napoleon at the peak of his fortunes.

He was soon at war with Russia, and his aid was eagerly solicited by both England and Napoleon, anxious to checkmate one another in the East.

Ostensibly Napoleon Bonaparte ( born as Nabulione Buonaparte ) was born at Ajaccio in the same year as the Battle of Ponte Novu, 1769.

After graduation and a brief sojourn at the Military School of Paris Napoleon applied for second-lieutenancy in the artillery regiment of La Fère at Valence and after a time was given the position.

After a brief return to his regiment Napoleon was promoted to First Lieutenant and came home again on leave in 1791.

Napoleon returned to Paris for review, was exonerated, promoted to Captain and given leave to escort his sister, a schoolgirl, back to Corsica at state expense.

Paoli was convicted in absentia, a warrant was sent for his arrest ( which could not be served ) and Napoleon was dispatched to Corsica as Inspector-general of Artillery to take the citadel of Ajaccio from the royalists, who had held it since 1789.

* The house in which Napoleon Bonaparte was born in 1769 is preserved as Casa Buonaparte, and his associations with the town are everywhere emphasized by street-names and statues.

Wellington is better-known to posterity, because he led one of the two Allied armies at the final decisive victory of the Napoleonic Wars ( the battle of Waterloo in 1815 ), although Wellington's superior reputation is perhaps also because he only once faced Napoleon, whereas Charles was confronted by Napoleon in battle more times than any other commander.

Baron Haussmann, a long-time prefect of Bordeaux, used Bordeaux's 18th century big-scale rebuilding as a model when he was asked by Emperor Napoleon III to transform a then still quasi-medieval Paris into a " modern " capital that would make France proud.

The university was created by the archbishop Pey Berland in 1441 and was abolished in 1793, during the French Revolution, before reappearing in 1808 with Napoleon I. Bordeaux accommodates approximately 70, 000 students on one of the largest campuses of Europe ( 235 ha ).

In December 1851, the town was home to a movement of republican resistance towards Napoleon III's coup.

The battle was the climax of a naval campaign that had ranged across the Mediterranean during the previous three months, as a large French convoy sailed from Toulon to Alexandria, carrying an expeditionary force under General Napoleon Bonaparte.

Between the years 1852 and 1870 there was a Second French Empire, again a member of the Bonaparte dynasty would rule ; Napoleon III of France the son of Louis Bonaparte.

In the Battle of Abensberg on 19 – 20 April 1809, Napoleon gained a significant victory over the Austrians under Archduke Louis of Austria and General Johann von Hiller.

She has referenced this independence from major labels in song more than once, including " The Million You Never Made " ( Not A Pretty Girl ), which discusses the act of turning down a lucrative contract, " The Next Big Thing " ( Not So Soft ), which describes an imagined meeting with a label head-hunter who evaluates the singer based on her looks, and " Napoleon " ( Dilate ), which sympathizes sarcastically with an unnamed friend who did sign with a label.

* 1809 – Two Austrian army corps in Bavaria are defeated by a First French Empire army led by Napoleon I of France at the Battle of Abensberg on the second day of a four day campaign that ended in a French victory.

* 1809 – Two Austrian army corps are driven from Landshut by a First French Empire army led by Napoleon I of France as two French corps to the north hold off the main Austrian army on the first day of the Battle of Eckmühl.

At Brienne Napoleon concentrated on studies.

Napoleon returned on leave to Ajaccio in October, became a Jacobin and began to work for the revolution.

The Paolists combining with the royalists defeated the French in two pitched battles and Napoleon and his family went on the run, hiding by day, while the Paolists burned their estate.

The airline CCM Airlines has its head office on the grounds of Ajaccio – Campo dell ' Oro Airport ( Napoleon Bonaparte Airport ).

In 1869, Abdülaziz received visits from Eugénie de Montijo, Empress consort of Napoleon III of France and other foreign monarchs on their way to the opening of the Suez Canal.

* Booknotes interview with Andrew Roberts on Napoleon & Wellington: The Battle of Waterloo and the Great Commanders Who Fought It, 12 January 2003.

At the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt on October 14, 1806 – when Napoleon invaded Prussia and defeated the massed Prussian-Saxon army commanded by Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick – he was captured, one of the 25, 000 prisoners captured that day as the Prussian army disintegrated.

The Prussians were defeated at Ligny ( south of Mont-Saint-Jean and the village of Waterloo ) by an army led personally by Napoleon, but Napoleon's failure to destroy the Prussian forces led to his defeat a few days later at the Battle of Waterloo, when the Prussian forces unexpectedly arrived on his right flank late in the afternoon to support the Anglo-Dutch forces pressing his front.

He relied on his own experiences, contemporary writings about Napoleon, and on historical sources.

When Danican's poorly trained men attacked, on 13 Vendémiaire, 1795 — October 5, 1795, in the calendar used in France, at the time — Napoleon ordered his cannon to fire grapeshot into the mob, an act that became known as the " whiff of grapeshot ".

King Mohammad Yaqub Khan with Britain's Pierre Louis Napoleon Cavagnari | Sir Pierre Cavagnari on May 26, 1879, when the Treaty of Gandamak was signed.

Although Napoleon had crossed the Alps on a mule, he requested that he be portrayed " calm upon a fiery steed ".

One of the most famous Imperial coronation ceremonies was that of Napoleon, crowning himself Emperor in the presence of Pope Pius VII ( who had blessed the regalia ), at the Notre Dame de Paris | Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris. The painting by Jacques-Louis David | David commemorating the event is equally famous: the gothic cathedral restyled Empire ( style ) | style Empire, supervised by the Letizia Ramolino | mother of the Emperor on the balcony ( a fictional addition, while she had not been present at the ceremony ), the pope positioned near the altar, Napoleon proceeds to crown his then wife, Joséphine de Beauharnais as Empress.

Napoleon Bonaparte, who was already First Consul of the French Republic ( Premier Consul de la République française ) for life, declared himself Emperor of the French ( Empereur des Français ) on 18 May 1804, thus creating the Empire of the French ( Empire des Français ).

Napoleon relinquished the title of Emperor of the French on 6 April and again on 11 April 1814.

On 26 February 1815, Napoleon abandoned Elba for France, reviving the French Empire for a Hundred Days ; the Allies declared an end to Napoleon's sovereignty over Elba on 25 March 1815, and on 31 March 1815 Elba was ceded to the restored Grand Duchy of Tuscany by the Congress of Vienna.

Given the repressive nature of the regime of Napoleon III, Bartholdi took no immediate action on the idea except to discuss it with Laboulaye.

Meanwhile, Napoleon was in Paris, conscious that the war was imminent but unaware that the Austrians were prepared for immediate offensive.

* Assessed as an immediate threat by Napoleon I:

News that Napoleon I succeeded in defeating the main Austrian army at Battle of Ulm finally reached Masséna on 28 October and he issued orders for an immediate offensive against the Austrian army in northern Italy.

Flush with triumph and deeming France free from any immediate obligations in Central and Eastern Europe, Napoleon decided to capture the Iberian ports of Britain's long-time ally Portugal.

One of the terms dictated by Napoleon in the peace treaty of Florence ( March 1801 ) was the immediate release of Dolomieu.