* Carey, John ( 1998 ) " Fir Bolg: a Native Etymology Revisited " in: Cambridge Medieval Celtic Studies 16 ( Winter 1998 ), pp. 77 – 83.

Vocal arrangements were initially rare in New Age music but as it has evolved vocals have become more common, especially vocals featuring Native American, Sanskrit, or Tibetan influenced chants, or lyrics based on mythology such as Celtic legends or the realm of Faerie.

The pair often identify themselves with ethnic minorities, claiming to have some Celtic heritage or that they were Native Americans in a previous life.

* 1, 500th winner: Celtic Native, Exeter, 20 December 2001

Examples include sports teams using Native American tribal names, wearing jewelry with religious symbols such as the cross without any belief, appropriating other culture's history such as tattoos of Polynesian tribal iconography, Chinese characters, or Celtic bands worn by people who have no interest in, or understanding of their original cultural significance.

She has been a finalist for two Native American Music Awards, and for two New Age Voice Music Awards for Best Vocalist and Best Celtic Release.

Ancient Pueblo peoples or Ancestral Pueblo peoples were an ancient Native American culture centered on the present-day Four Corners area of the United States, comprising southern Utah, northern Arizona, northwest New Mexico, and southern Colorado.

This was an important travel corridor for Tlingit and Haida Native peoples, as well as gold-rush era steamships.

During the mid-18th century, the area was inhabited by a Native American tribe known as the Potawatomi, who had taken the place of the Miami and Sauk and Fox peoples.

Poverty rates were higher for indigenous peoples, Afro-descendants and rural areas, reaching 44 % of the Native ancestry population.

It was originally inhabited by a number of Native American peoples, among them the Carib, Arawak, Emerillon, Galibi, Palikur, Wayampi ( also known as Oyampi ), and Wayana.

In the North American theatre, France was allied with various Native American peoples during the Seven Years ' War and, despite a temporary success at the battles of the Great Meadows and Monongahela, French forces were defeated at the disastrous Battle of the Plains of Abraham in Quebec.

16th century natural law writer, Francisco de Vitoria, a professor of theology at the University of Salamanca, examined the questions of the just war, the Spanish authority in the Americas, and the rights of the Native American peoples.

" Medicine man " or " medicine woman " are English terms used to describe traditional healers and spiritual leaders among Native American and other indigenous or aboriginal peoples.

For this purpose, an American Indian or Alaska Native is defined as " A person having origins in any of the original peoples of North and South America ( including Central America ), and who maintains a tribal affiliation or community attachment.

In 2004 producer Guy Perrotta presented the film Mystic Voices: The Story of the Pequot War ( 2004 ), a television documentary on the first major war between colonists and Native peoples in the Americas.

The term Native American was introduced in the United States by academics in preference to the older term Indian to distinguish the indigenous peoples of the Americas from the people of India, and to avoid negative stereotypes associated with the term Indian.

The compound " Native American " is generally capitalized to differentiate the reference to the indigenous peoples.

Another significant religious body among Native peoples is known as the Native American Church.

Many surviving Native American peoples of the southeast strengthened their loose coalitions of language groups and joined confederacies such as the Choctaw, the Creek, and the Catawba for protection.

As European colonists took slaves into frontier areas, there were more opportunities for relationships between African and Native American peoples.

Native American identity has historically been based on culture, not just biology, as many American Indian peoples adopted captives from their enemies and assimilated them into their tribes.

Most South American Native peoples were largely panentheistic as well ( as were ancient South East Asian and African cultures ).

Sand nigger, an ethnic slur against Arabs, and timber nigger and prairie nigger, ethnic slurs against Native Americans, are examples of the racist extension of nigger upon other non-white peoples.

A detail from Benjamin West's heroic, neoclassicism | neoclassical history painting, The Death of General Wolfe ( 1771 ), depicting an idealized indigenous peoples of the Americas | Native American.

The Muckleshoot are a Lushootseed Native American tribe, part of the Coast Salish peoples of the Pacific Northwest whose traditional territory and reservations is located in the area of Auburn, Washington, between Seattle and Tacoma.

The Owens Valley Indian War of 1861 – 1863 ensued ; at the end, the Owens Valley Paiute, along with other native peoples in the region, were forced at gunpoint by the United States Army to walk almost to Fort Tejon, in one of the many forced relocations or " Trails of Tears " inflicted upon Native Americans in the United States.

* Native claims to almost all of Alaska were extinguished in exchange for approximately one-ninth of the state's land plus $ 962. 5 million in compensation distributed to 200 local village and 12 Native-owned regional corporations, plus a thirteenth corporation comprising Alaska Natives who had left the state.

This library had an extensive collection of materials about Native American linguistics and folklore, originally collected by James Hammond Trumbull.

Also, the water from the local spring was so good that the local Native Americans believed it had medicinal properties.

Sockalexis, a Native American, had played in Cleveland 1897 – 99.

He is of English ( maternal ), Swiss and possibly Native American Modoc Tribe multi-ethnic ( paternal ) ancestry His father, Howard " Pete " Brubeck, was a cattle rancher, and his mother, Elizabeth ( née Ivey ), who had studied piano in England under Myra Hess and intended to become a concert pianist, taught piano for extra money.

Dartmouth was founded by Eleazar Wheelock, a Puritan minister from Columbia, Connecticut, who had previously sought to establish a school to train Native Americans as missionaries.

Pierce, a Native American, taught Reiter to throw an underhand spiral pass, but Reiter had short arms and was unable to throw for distance from an underhand delivery.

Many religious mythologies had a view of Earth as being a whole that is greater than the sum of its parts ( e. g. some Native American religions and various forms of shamanism ).

He remained there while various of his English companions travelled to the other colonies, because he wished to meet some Native Americans who were interested in Quaker ways — though he relates that they had " a great dispute " among themselves about whether to participate in the meeting.

Native Americans had known of the tar seeps in southern California for thousands of years, and used the tar to waterproof their canoes.

He travelled widely across Europe, and in 1971 visited America for the first time, meeting some of the Native Americans whose culture had long been a source of fascination for him.

Since the presidency of Thomas Jefferson, America's policy had been to allow Native Americans to remain east of the Mississippi as long as they became assimilated or " civilized ".

The Marshall court ruled that while Native American tribes were sovereign nations ( Cherokee Nation v. Georgia, 1831 ), state laws had no force on tribal lands ( Worcester v. Georgia, 1832 ).

" Audubon had great respect for Native Americans: " Whenever I meet Indians, I feel the greatness of our Creator in all its splendor, for there I see the man naked from His hand and yet free from acquired sorrow.

Outlaw Navajos ( called ladrones, Spanish for thieves ), as well as other Native Americans, and their neighboring New Mexicans, had raided, killed and enslaved each other since they had lived side by side during Spanish rule.

Criticized for his handling of a Native American attack on Fort Détroit, he had deserted his post as commander of the fort and was avoiding the French authorities.

The Louisiana Territory was broken into smaller portions for administration, and the territories passed slavery laws similar to those in the southern states but trying to encompass the preceding French and Spanish rule ( for instance, Spain had prohibited slavery of Native Americans in 1769, but some slaves of mixed African-Native American descent were still being held in St. Louis when the US took over the Louisiana Territory ).

Some Louisiana urban environments have a multicultural, multilingual heritage, being so strongly influenced by an admixture of 18th century French, Spanish, Native American ( Indian ) and African cultures that they are considered to be somewhat exceptional in the U. S. Before the American influx and statehood at the beginning of the 19th century, the territory of current Louisiana State had been a Spanish and French colony.

* 1857 – The British East India Company disbands the 34th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry whose sepoy Mangal Pandey had earlier revolted against the British and is considered to be the First Martyr in the War of Indian Independence.

* 1782 – Gnadenhütten massacre: Ninety-six Native Americans in Gnadenhutten, Ohio, who had converted to Christianity are killed by Pennsylvania militiamen in retaliation for raids carried out by other Indians.

The reliefs encapsulate a vision of European — Native American relations that had assumed mythic historical proportions by the 19th century.

The series The Lone Ranger ( 1949 – 1957 ), Cheyenne ( 1957 – 1963 ), and Law of the Plainsman ( 1959 – 1963 ) had Native characters who were essentially aides to the central white characters.