In July 1946, Nehru pointedly observed that no princely state could prevail militarily against the army of independent India.

He observed the effects of superstition on the lives of the Indian people and wrote of religion that “… it shuts its eyes to reality .” Nehru thought that religion was at the root of the stagnation and lack of progress in India.

Nehru too had a similar view, at least insofar as he observed to Andre Malraux that his challenge was to " build a just society by just means ".

Nanda, these scriptures were Nehru's " first introduction to the religious and cultural heritage of .... provided Nehru the initial impulse for long intellectual quest which culminated ... in the Discovery of India.

All these aims formed the core of the " Fundamental Rights and Economic Policy " resolution drafted by Nehru in 1929-31 and were ratified by the All India Congress Committee under Gandhi's leadership.

Nehru also asked that these aircraft be manned by American pilots until Indian airmen were trained to replace them.

Adhering to his stated position, Nehru believed that China did not have a legitimate claim over either of these territories, and thus was not ready to concede them.

Nehru went so far as to say: " If these principles were recognized in the mutual relations of all countries, then indeed there would hardly be any conflict and certainly no war.

Commenting on the 1954 enunciation of them, Peter Lyon, a UK academic specializing in international relations, wrote: " Though neutralists in general, and at that time Mr Nehru in particular, seemed to regard these principles as being a special contribution to world politics, they were not at all original, were repetitious, and really boiled down to the edict that a state's independence should not be infringed.

The British and the Indian Press vehemently criticized these two different schemes and created a confusion about the authorship of the word " Pakistan " to such an extent that even Jawahur Lal Nehru had to write:

During these years, Menon became a passionate proponent of India's freedom, working as a journalist and as secretary of the India League from 1929 to 1947, and a close friend of fellow Indian nationalist leader and future Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, as well as such political and intellectual figures as Bertrand Russell, J. B. S.

Premier Zhou Enlai of the People's Republic of China proposed the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence in 1953 during negotiations with India over Tibet and these were written into the Agreement Between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of India on Trade and Intercourse Between the Tibet Region of China and India signed in 1954 by Zhou and Prime Minister of India Jawaharlal Nehru.

In recognition of these contributions, Kedarnath Agarwal was awarded the Soviet Land Nehru Prize in 1973.

Nehru considered the salt satyagraha the high water mark of his association with Gandhi, and felt that its lasting importance was in changing the attitudes of Indians:

Nehru considered the Salt Satyagraha the high water mark of his association with Gandhi, and felt that its lasting importance was in changing the attitudes of Indians:

Nehru also championed secularism and religious harmony, increasing the representation of minorities in government.

This apparent progress in relations suffered a major setback when, in 1959, Nehru accommodated the Tibetan religious leader at the time, the 14th Dalai Lama, who fled Lhasa after a failed Tibetan uprising against Chinese rule.

Considered the confident of Jinnah, Ali Khan was appointed first Prime minister, but his government faced eminent challenges and endless regional conflict with India, forcing Ali Khan to approach to his counterpart Jawaharlal Nehru to reach a settlement to end the religious violence, but Nehru pushed for the referral of the problem to the United Nations.

Though there are many articles and books written about him from India and Europe, most of which is not hagiographical, his ' pen played not an inconsiderable part in the political and social ferments that have stirred the aters of Indian life ', as the Earl of Ronaldshay wrote in 1925, what Nehru said in a speech during Pal's birth centenary in 1958 surmises ' a great man who functioned on a high level on both religious and political planes ' opens a gate for enquiring this high-minded yet anomalous persona.

The Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru, was often considered Gandhi's successor, although he was not religious and often disagreed with Gandhi.

Mr. Nehru is subjected to stern lectures on neutralism by our Department of State, and an American President observes sourly that Sweden would be a little less neurotic if it were a little more capitalistic ''.

Nehru emerged from the war years as a leader whose political views were considered radical.

At the same time, Nehru had supported the people of Spain who were fighting to defend themselves against Franco.

During the drafting of the Indian constitution, many Indian leaders ( except Nehru ) of that time were in favour of allowing each Princely state or Covenanting State to be independent as a federal state along the lines suggested originally by the Government of India act ( 1935 ).

Nehru and most of the Congress leaders were initially ambivalent about Gandhi's plan to begin civil disobedience with a satyagraha aimed at the British salt tax.

Nehru declared that the only two parties that mattered in India were the British Raj and Congress.

In October 1940, Gandhi and Nehru, abandoning their original stand of supporting Britain, decided to launch a limited civil disobedience campaign in which leading advocates of Indian independence were selected to participate one by one.

On 15 January 1941 Gandhi had stated: " Some say Pandit Nehru and I were estranged.

Once elected, Nehru headed an interim government, which was impaired by outbreaks of communal violence and political disorder, and the opposition of the Muslim League led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah, who were demanding a separate Muslim state of Pakistan.

Attempts to introduce large-scale cooperative farming were frustrated by landowning rural elites, who formed the core of the powerful right-wing of the Congress and had considerable political support in opposing the efforts of Nehru.

Between 1947 and about 1950, the territories of the princely states were politically integrated into the Indian Union under Nehru and Sardar Patel.

Under American advice ( by American envoy John Kenneth Galbraith who made and ran American policy on the war as all other top policy makers in USA were absorbed in coincident Cuban Missile Crisis ) Nehru refrained, not according to the best choices available, from using the Indian air force to beat back the Chinese advances.

But his accession papers were returned by Jawaharlal Nehru, the Prime Minister of India.

They also allege that Zhou purposefully told Nehru that there were no border issues with India.

India's stance that China withdraw from Aksai Chin caused continual deterioration of the diplomatic situation to the point that internal forces were pressuring Nehru to take a military stance against China.

Although pleas for commutation were made by India's prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru and by Gandhi's two sons on the grounds that a death sentence would dishonour the legacy of a man opposed to all forms of violence, Godse was hanged a week later.

Among those calling for commutation of the death sentence for the defendants were Jawaharlal Nehru, as well as Gandhi's two sons, who felt that executing their father's killers would dishonour his memory and legacy which included a staunch opposition to the death penalty.

These statements of the Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir as well as Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru also have a bearing on the territorial extent of Kanjut as well as the rest of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir at the time of her accession “ in its entirety to the new Dominion of India ” on October 26 and Section ( 4 ) of the Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir which pertains to the territorial extent of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir also unequivocally states that, “ The territory of the State shall comprise all the territories which on the fifteenth day of August, 1947, were under the sovereignty or suzerainty of the Ruler of the State ".

He was cremated with full state honors at sunset the following day ; the last rites were performed by his nephew Dr. P. V. Ramachandran, at Ekta sthal on the banks of the River Yamuna ( adjacent to Shanti van, the memorial of his mentor Jawaharlal Nehru ).

When Ram idols were allegedly placed in the Mosque illegally on December 23, 1949, Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru wrote to the Uttar Pradesh chief minister, G. B. Pant, demanding their removal because " a dangerous example is being set there.

The principles were emphasized by the Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru, in a broadcast speech made at the time of the Asian Prime Ministers Conference at Colombo just a few days after the signing of the Sino-Indian treaty in Beijing.