* 435 – Deposed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople Nestorius, considered the originator of Nestorianism, is exiled by Roman Emperor Theodosius II to a monastery in Egypt.

Mongols were also exposed to Zoroastrianism ( Qormusta Tengri is still worshipped ), Manicheism, Nestorianism, Islam and Catholicism from the west.

Nestorianism is a form of dyophysitism, and can be seen as the antithesis to monophysitism, which emerged in reaction to Nestorianism.

* June – First Council of Ephesus: Nestorianism is rejected, the Nicene creed is declared to be complete.

The purpose of the condemnation was to make plain that the Imperial, Chalcedonian ( that is, recognizing the hypostatic union of Christ as two natures, one divine and one human, united in one person with neither confusion nor division ) Church was firmly opposed to all those who had either inspired or assisted Nestorius, the eponymous heresiarch of Nestorianism — the proposition that the Christ and Jesus were two separate persons loosely conjoined, somewhat akin to adoptionism, and that the Virgin Mary could not be called the Mother of God ( Gk.

He becomes associated with the growth of Nestorianism and is charge of openly preaching heretical doctrines in public.

The Monothelite position was developed as a compromise between the dyophysitists and the miaphysists, who believed dyophysitism is conceptually indistinguishable from Nestorianism.

He is said to have favored Nestorianism and persecuted Chalcedonians.

However, in Christianity there is an ancient dispute about the impassibility of God ( see Nestorianism ).

Theologically, the church is associated with the doctrine of Nestorianism, leading to the church also being known as the " Nestorian Church ", though church leadership has at times rejected the Nestorian label.

Nestorianism has come to mean dyaphysitism, in which Christ's dual natures are eternally separate, though it is doubtful whether Nestorius ever taught such a doctrine.

He is frequently associated with the growth of Nestorianism, although his recorded acts do not support this reputation.

Most classification schemes list six ( in order of size: Roman Catholicism, Protestantism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Anglicanism, Oriental Orthodoxy, and the Church of the East, which was originally referred to as Nestorianism but in modern times is embodied by the Assyrian Church of the East ).

There has been a claim that the Chalcedonian Creed restored Nestorianism, however this is refuted by maintaining the following distinctions associated with the person of Christ:

The doctrine of Nestorianism is associated with Nestorius, Patriarch of Constantinople 428 – 431.

In more heated rhetoric, Lutheranism is accused of promoting monophysitism, and the Reformed a certain Nestorianism.

This, and not Nestorianism, is the teaching of the Church of the East.

In the West it is often called the Nestorian Church, due to its historical associations with Nestorianism, though the church itself considers the term pejorative and argues that this association is incorrect.

His is the earliest known name that can be attached to the history of Nestorianism in China.

Some modern scholars argue whether Nestorianism is the proper term for the Christianity that was practiced in China, since it did not adhere to what was preached by Nestorius, and are instead preferring to refer to it as " Church of the East ", a term which encompasses the various forms of early Christianity in Asia.

Nestorianism was well established in China, as is attested by the monks Rabban Bar Sauma and Rabban Marcos, both of whom made a famous pilgrimage to the West, visiting many Nestorian communities along the way.

Originally the church of Sassanid Persia, the Church of the East declared itself independent of other churches in 424 and over the next century became affiliated with Nestorianism, a Christological doctrine advanced by Nestorius, Patriarch of Constantinople from 428 to 431, which had been declared heretical in the Roman Empire.

Monophysitism was born in the theological " School of Alexandria ," which began its Christological analysis with the ( divine ) eternal Son or Word of God and sought to explain how this eternal Word had become incarnate as a man -- in contrast to the " School of Antioch " ( birthplace of Nestorianism, the antithesis of Monophysitism ), which instead began with the ( human ) Jesus of the Gospels and sought to explain how this man had become united with the eternal Word in the Incarnation.

* Nestorianism, a Christological doctrine developed by Nestorius, Patriarch of Constantinople, condemned as heresy by the Council of Ephesus in 431

The first significant, lasting split in historic Christianity came from the Church of the East, who left following the Christological controversy over Nestorianism in 431 ( the Assyrians in 1994 released a common Christological statement with the Roman Catholic Church ).

The Church of the East was associated with the doctrine of Nestorianism, advanced by Nestorius, Patriarch of Constantinople from 428 – 431, which emphasized the disunion between the human and divine natures of Jesus.

He preaches a new doctrine that will be called Nestorianism.

Nestorius ' doctrine, Nestorianism, which emphasized the disunity between Christ's human and divine natures, had brought him into conflict with other church leaders, most notably Cyril, Patriarch of Alexandria.

Meanwhile, the Non-Chalcedonians accused the Chalcedonians of espousing a form of Nestorianism, a rejected doctrine that held that Jesus Christ was two distinct subsistences.

In the Roman Empire, the doctrine of Monophysitism developed in reaction to Nestorianism.

* Nestorianism, a doctrine that Jesus exists as two persons, one divine and the other human

The latter deny this charge, arguing that they reject both the Monophysitism of Eutyches, whom they consider a heretic, as well as Dyophysitism espoused by the Council of Chalcedon, which they equate with Nestorianism, for a doctrine they term miaphysitism, or that in Jesus Christ, divinity and humanity exist as " one divinized nature " ( physis ), as opposed to the orthodox Chalcedonian teaching of a divine nature ( physis ) and a human nature ( physis ) united in in the one person ( hypostasis ) of Jesus Christ, fully God and fully man, with neither confusion nor division, a doctrine called the " hypostatic union ".

The most significant result of the synod was the church's official adoption of the doctrine of Nestorianism.

The Church of the East ( accused by others of adhering to Nestorianism ) accepts as ecumenical only the first two councils.

# Council of Ephesus ( 431 ) repudiated Nestorianism, proclaimed the Virgin Mary as the Theotokos (" Birth-giver to God ", " God-bearer ", " Mother of God "), repudiated Pelagianism, and reaffirmed the Nicene Creed. This and all the following councils in this list are not recognized by the Assyrian Church of the East.

After Nestorianism, taught by Nestorius, Archbishop of Constantinople, was rejected at the First Council of Ephesus, Eutyches, an archimandrite at Constantinople, emerged with diametrically opposite views.

Severus and his doctrines were anathematized in various councils, while at Alexandria he was gladly welcomed by the patriarch Timotheos III and his other fellow doctrinarists, being generally hailed as the champion of the orthodox faith against the corruptions of Nestorianism.

But this acceptance of Nestorianism was limited to only a comparatively small number of their members ( quibusdam paucis monachis, says a contemporary document ), and it could not seriously detract from the praise, given their order, by the Roman Synod of 484:

William of Rubruck, who encountered many Nestorians during his stay at Mongke Khan's court and at Karakorum in 1254-1255, notes that the so-called " Nestorianism " in Mongolia was tainted by shamanism and Manicheism and very confused in terms of liturgy.

As Nestorianism had its roots in the Antiochene tradition and was opposed by the Alexandrian tradition, Christians in Syria and Egypt who wanted to distance themselves from the extremes of Nestorianism and wished to uphold the integrity of their theological position adopted this term to express their position.

Cyril had both theological and political reasons for attacking Nestorius ; on top of feeling that Nestorianism was an error against true belief, he also wanted to denigrate the head of a competing patriarchate.

* Nestorius, founder of Nestorianism ( approximate date )

He first came to notice in 431 at the First Council of Ephesus, for his vehement opposition to the teachings of Nestorius ; his condemnation of Nestorianism as heresy precipitated his being denounced as a heretic himself.

Afterward, churches affiliated with Nestorius ' teachings broke with the Catholic Church, thereby establishing Nestorianism as a distinct Christian sect.

The form of Christianity often called Nestorianism but better described as the Church of the East spread widely across the continent of Asia following the banishment and condemnation of Nestorius, Patriarch of Constantinople, at the Council of Ephesus in 431.