And a solemn diploma from Christ Church, Canterbury dated 873 is so poorly constructed and written that historian Nicholas Brooks posited a scribe who was either so blind he could not read what he wrote or who knew little or no Latin.

* Santa Claus also known as Saint Nicholas, Father Christmas and simply " Santa ", is a figure with legendary, mythical, historical and folkloric origins who, in many western cultures, is said to bring gifts to the homes of the good children during the late evening and overnight hours of Christmas Eve, December 24.

In 2007, Geoffrey Robertson QC alleged that Phillip's remains are no longer in St Nicholas Church, Bathampton and have been lost: "... Captain Arthur Phillip is not where the ledger stone says he is: it may be that he is buried somewhere outside, it may simply be that he is simply lost.

The title of Nicholas Blake's 1949 detective novel Head of a Traveller is a quotation from Housman's parody Fragment of a Greek Tragedy.

There is a sizeable single storey Masonic Hall in St Nicholas Street, which is home to no less than seven Masonic bodies.

The Christmas ceremony is accompanied by a reading of A Visit From St. Nicholas by Clement Clarke Moore and Yes, Virginia, There is a Santa Claus by Francis Pharcellus Church.

Unlike in many other Christian countries, St. Nicholas does not play a major role in Polish Christmas, but instead, is celebrated on his Saint feast day of December 6.

On the night of Christmas Eve, so important is the appearance of the first star in remembrance of the Star of Bethlehem, that it has been given an affectionate name of " the little star " or Gwiazdka ( the female counterpart of St. Nicholas ).

In 2011, Nicholas V. Cozzi, of the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, concluded that INMT, an enzyme that may be associated with the biosynthesis of DMT and endogenous hallucinogens, is present in the human pineal gland, retinal ganglion neurons, spinal cord, and central nervous tissues.

A bronze statue to mark the centenary of Thomas ' birth, by Welsh sculptor Peter Nicholas, is planned for 2014.

:: Another example of Nomad's power is illustrated by Nicholas Rawlings in his comments for the Computer History Museum about NCSS ( see citation below ).

It is known to exist in northern Saudi Arabia, southern Jordan, northern Iraq ( Kurdistan ), and Nicholas Birch of the The Christian Science Monitor claims there is circumstantial evidence for its existence in Syria, western Iran, and southern Turkey.

A date of c. 1540 is suggested from two portraits: one a miniature painted by Nicholas Hilliard in 1581 when he was allegedly 42, the other painted in 1594 when he was said to be 53.

The Pirate gave full rein to Kelly's athleticism and is probably best remembered for Kelly's work with The Nicholas Brothers – the leading African-American dancers of their day – in a virtuoso dance routine.

Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin ( ) ( – ) was a Russian Orthodox Christian and mystic who is perceived as having influenced the latter days of the Russian Emperor Nicholas II, his wife Alexandra, and their only son, Alexei.

According to Nicholas de Lange, Judaism offers no clear teaching about the destiny which lies in wait for the individual after death and its attitude to life after death has been expressed as follows: " For the future is inscrutable, and the accepted sources of knowledge, whether experience, or reason, or revelation, offer no clear guidance about what is to come.

Historian Nicholas Rogers, exploring the origins of Halloween, notes that while " some folklorists have detected its origins in the Roman feast of Pomona, the goddess of fruits and seeds, or in the festival of the dead called Parentalia, it is more typically linked to the Celtic festival of Samhain, derived from the Old Irish Samuin meaning " summer's end ".

The critical, rigorous examinations of Nicholas of Cusa and Nicholas of Oresme provided the context ( a late medieval context ) for Nicholas Copernicus' own work.

Kornilov was critical of the Russian monarchy and, after the overthrow of Czar Nicholas II he was given command of the Petrograd Military District in March 1917.

* 1891 – The Ōtsu incident: Tsarevich Nicholas Alexandrovich of Imperial Russia ( later Nicholas II ) suffers a critical head injury during a sword attack by Japanese policeman Tsuda Sanzō.

Michael Neill, editor of the Oxford Shakespeare edition, notes that the earliest critical references to Othello's colour, ( Thomas Rymer's 1693 critique of the play, and the 1709 engraving in Nicholas Rowe's edition of Shakespeare ), assume him to be Sub-Saharan, while the earliest known North African interpretation was not until Edmund Kean's production of 1814.

Out on the front lines, Nicholas is visited by his mother the Dowager Empress Maria Foeodorovna ( Irene Worth ), ( who is very outspokenly critical of her son's lack of leadership abilities ), who scolds him about not attending to crumbling domestic issues and implores him to eliminate Rasputin ( as well as to send Alexandra away to one of the royal palaces out of sight ).

Her stepson Nicholas Mosley is a novelist who also wrote a critical memoir of his father for which Diana reportedly never forgave him, despite their previously close relationship.

* Cusanus-Portal ( DFG-Project by the Institut fuer Cusanus-Forschung and the Center for Digital Humanities at the university of Trier with a digitized version of the ‘ Opera Omnia ’, the critical edition of the Latin texts from Nicholas of Cusa, published by the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences, with the English translations of Jasper Hopkins, several German translations, a German encyclopedia and an international bibliography )

The generalization to N =( 2, 2 ) supersymmetric theories in 2 spacetime dimensions was proposed by Cumrun Vafa and Nicholas Warner in the November 1988 article Catastrophes and the Classification of Conformal Theories, in this generalization one imposes that the superpotential possess a degenerate critical point.

Ford also recommended Hunter to director Nicholas Ray for the role of Jesus Christ in the biblical film King of Kings ( 1961 ), a difficult part met by critical reaction that ranged from praise to ridicule ( Hunter's youthful matinee idol looks resulted in the film being derided as " I Was a Teenage Jesus " despite his being 34 years old during shooting ).

In 1700, a settler, Nicholas Vechte, built a farmhouse of brick and stone now known as the Old Stone House, which later played a critical role in the 1776 Battle of Long Island, when American troops fought off the Redcoats long enough to allow George Washington to retreat.

Praxis and Reason: Studies in the Philosophy of Nicholas Rescher ( Washington, D. C .: University Press of America ) A collection of critical and expanding essays with brief replies by Rescher.

* Nicholas Chédeville, Il Pastor Fido ( attribuited to Vivaldi ), critical edition, Bärenreiter, Kassel, 2005

She starred in the Broadway show A Life and won critical acclaim in 1983 in Nicholas Kazan's off-Broadway Blood Moon, where the New York Times cited her " skillful verisimilitude " handling a difficult part requiring two roles " and she does them both with authority.

Commenting in the Irish Times, Nicholas Negroponte, the founder of the MIT Media Lab, said that the research at MLE was " beyond wildest expectations "; he was critical of European companies for their unwillingness to invest in the lab and said: " Many visitors to MLE thought the work in Dublin was more edgy than at MIT.

In the later 1960s and through the 1970s, the critical importance of the Whitechapel Gallery was displaced by newer venues such as the Hayward Gallery, but in the 1980s the Gallery enjoyed a resurgence under the Directorship of Nicholas Serota.

One of Klapwijk's first attempts to articulate this critical stance for his philosophical community occurred in a widely-read volume edited by Hendrik Hart, Johan van der Hoeven, and Nicholas Wolterstorff, reviewed in Theology Today, by Eugene Osterhaven: " An excellent chapter on ' Rationality in the Dutch Neo-Calvinist Tradition ' by Jacob Klapwijk ... treats Abraham Kuyper's doctrines of common grace, and the antithesis, and his failure to harmonize the two, especially when he dealt with human reason.

In recent years Lautner's work has undergone a significant critical reappraisal with the 1999 publication of Alan Hess and Alan Weintraub's " The Architecture of John Lautner " ( Rizzoli ), and a 2008 exhibit at the Hammer Museum curated by architect Frank Escher and architectural historian Nicholas Olsberg.

Beatles Forever author Nicholas Schaffner noted in 1977, with reference to Harrison's commercial and critical dominance over his former bandmates following the break-up: " The very fact that the Beatles had kept George's flowering talents so under wraps proved to be his secret weapon.

The historian Nicholas Brooks argues that the choice of Rochester was probably not because it had been a Roman-era bishopric, but rather because of its importance in the politics of the time.

Nicholas J. J. Smith argues, for example, that if some time traveler killed the child who lived in his old address, this would ipso facto necessitate that the child was not the time traveler's younger self, nor the younger self of anyone alive in the time frame that the time traveler came from.

On comparing the Greek fragments from Oxyrhynchus with the fuller Coptic version, Nicholas Perrin argues that the differences can be attributed to the reliance of both on a common Syriac source.

Nicholas Perrin argues that Thomas is dependent on the Diatessaron, which was composed shortly after 172 by Tatian in Syria.

Nicholas Stewart in his essay, " Magic realism in relation to the post-colonial and Midnight's Children ," argues that the " narrative framework of Midnight's Children consists of a tale – comprising his life story – which Saleem Sinai recounts orally to his wife-to-be Padma.

Historian Edward Acton argues that " by stubbornly refusing to reach any modus vivendi with the Progressive Bloc of the Duma ... Nicholas undermined the loyalty of even those closest to the throne opened an unbridgeable breach between himself and public opinion.

" Nicholas Xenos similarly argues that Strauss was " an anti-democrat in a fundamental sense, a true reactionary.

< ref name = Taleb >< Nassim Nicholas Taleb, The Black Swan: The Impact of the Highly Improbable, Random House ( April 17, 2007 ) 978-1400063512 </ ref > who argues that it replaces common sense and leads to disaster.

Nicholas Royle argues that the film's labyrinthine, Ouroboros-like structure reinforces several key Derridean tenets:

Nicholas J. Butterfield argues that Kimberellas association with Radulichnus marks is not strong evidence that it was a mollusc, as other groups of organisms bear structures capable of making similar marks.

As his biographer Nicholas Shakespeare argues: " He tells not a half truth, but a truth and a half.

In a dialogue with Nicholas of Cusa and Martin Luther, Volf develops his own method of assessing the issue and argues that Muslims and Christians do have a common God, even though each group understands God in different ways, at least in part.

Semyon Reznik targets the Russophobia essay for its factual inaccuracies, and argues that Shafarevich depicts the murder of Tsar Nicholas II as an example of Jewish ritual murder, and further notes that Shafarevich has assigned Jewish ethnicity to a number of non-Jewish individuals involved in the execution and perpetuates the false claims of graffiti in Yiddish at the murder site, Aron Katsenelinboigen, on the other hand, stated that while there are multiple antisemitic claims in Shafarevich's writings, he stops short of claiming blood libel.