* Margaret Thatcher who had been the United Kingdom's Prime Minister since 1979 resigned as Prime Minister on 22 November 1990 after being challenged for the leadership of the Conservative Party by Michael Heseltine because of widespread opposition to the introduction of the controversial Community Charge and the fact that her key allies such as Nigel Lawson and Geoffrey Howe resigned over the deeply sensitive issues of the Maastricht Treaty and Margaret Thatcher's resistance to Britain joining the European Exchange Rate Mechanism.

Editorship of The Spectator has often been part of a route to high office in the Conservative Party in the UK ; past editors include Iain Macleod, Ian Gilmour and Nigel Lawson, all of whom became cabinet minister or a springboard for a greater role in public affairs, as with Boris Johnson ( 1999 to 2005 ), the Conservative Mayor of London.

On his appointment as Shadow Chancellor in 1965, he stepped down as editor on the last day of the year, to be replaced by Nigel Lawson.

To this end he persuaded Auberon Waugh ( who had been sacked by Nigel Lawson ) to return from the New Statesman, and enticed Richard West and Jeffrey Bernard from the same magazine.

On the other hand, Nigel Lawson claimed that people in a hundred years ' time would be " seven times as well off as we are today ", therefore it is not reasonable to impose sacrifices on the " much poorer present generation ".

Previous Chancellors have opted for whisky ( Kenneth Clarke ), gin and tonic ( Geoffrey Howe ), brandy and water ( Benjamin Disraeli ), spritzer ( Nigel Lawson ) and sherry and beaten egg ( William Gladstone ).

Nigel Lawson, Thatcher's Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1983 to 1989, listed the Thatcherite ideals as:

Nigel Lawson, Baron Lawson of Blaby, ( born 11 March 1932 ), is a British Conservative politician and journalist.

* Nigel Lawson, Baron Lawson ( 1932 –), politician and Chancellor of the Exchequer

Lex boasts some distinguished alumni who have gone on to make careers in business and government – including Nigel Lawson ( former Conservative Chancellor of the Exchequer ), Richard Lambert ( CBI director and former member of the Bank of England's monetary policy committee ), Martin Taylor ( former chief executive of Barclays ), John Makinson ( chairman and chief executive of Penguin ), John Gardiner ( former chairman of Tesco ), David Freud ( former UBS banker and Labour adviser, now a Conservative peer ), John Kingman ( former head of UKFI and a banker at Rothschild ’ s ), George Graham ( RBS banker ), Andrew Balls ( head of European portfolio management at PIMCO ) and Jo Johnson ( Conservative Member of Parliament for Orpington ).

* Dominic Lawson, British journalist ; brother of Nigella Lawson, son of Nigel Lawson

Smith was named as Parliamentarian of the year twice ; the first time in November 1986 for his performances during the Westland controversy, during which Leon Brittan resigned and the second was in November 1989 for taking Nigel Lawson to task over the state of the economy and over his difficult relationship with Sir Alan Walters, the Prime Minister's Economic Adviser.

Like Nigel Lawson, Redwood opposed the poll tax on the grounds that it was unworkable.

From left are Gerhard Stoltenberg of West Germany, Pierre Bérégovoy of France, James A. Baker III of the United States, Nigel Lawson of Britain and Noboru Takeshita.

His successor Nigel Lawson, a believer in a fixed exchange rate, admired the low inflationary record of West Germany.

In 1986, he moved to the Treasury, first as Financial Secretary to the Treasury, then Chief Secretary to the Treasury ( succeeding John Major in the latter job on Major's promotion to Foreign Secretary in July 1989 ) under Chancellor Nigel Lawson, whom he tried unsuccessfully to persuade not to resign from the government on the morning of 26 October 1989 – Lawson resigned that evening.

During the leadership election, Lamont clashed angrily in private with Nigel Lawson who preferred Michael Heseltine as Thatcher's successor, phoning Lawson up to remind him of his caustic remarks made about Heseltine's economic policies.

In late 2008, Cameron asked Lamont together with fellow former chancellors Geoffrey Howe, Nigel Lawson and Kenneth Clarke to provide Cameron with strategic political and economic advice as Britain's banking and fiscal position worsened.

New characters were introduced, such as Terry Duckworth ( Nigel Pivaro ), Curly Watts ( Kevin Kennedy ), Martin Platt ( Sean Wilson ), Reg Holdsworth ( Ken Morley ) and the McDonald family ; one of whom, Simon Gregson, started on the show as Steve McDonald a week after his 15th birthday, and has been in the programme ever since.

" British GM Nigel Short called Judit " one of the three or four greatest chess prodigies in history.

Scottish author Nigel Tranter based one of his historical novels on the historical figure, MacBeth the King.

The firm which was founded in 1985 by Nigel Doughty and Richard Hanson is one of the oldest European buyout private equity firms.

Production Engineer Nigel Phelps realized that the sequence of the ship, rolling out of the water and slapping down would involve one of the " biggest set elements " to be staged.

McKean directed one episode, and the characters became something of a phenomenon, even releasing an album as Lenny and the Squigtones in 1979, which featured a young Christopher Guest on guitar ( credited as Nigel Tufnel ; the name Guest would use a few years later as part of the spoof rock band, Spinal Tap ).

The son of Nigel Theobald, Sudbury ( as he later became known ) was born at Sudbury in Suffolk, studied at the University of Paris, and became one of the chaplains of Pope Innocent VI, one of the Avignon popes, who in 1356 sent him on a mission to Edward III of England.

Writing in the Spring issue of RA Magazine, Nigel Billen said, " His partner, Gillian Wearing, is an RA ( as is one of his best friends, the artist Gary Hume ) ... Landy met Hume and Damien Hirst at Goldsmiths College in the mid-1980s, meeting Emin and other YBAs around the same time.

Montoya is one of two drivers to have won the CART title in his rookie year, the first being Formula One World Champion Nigel Mansell in 1993.

Nigel Kennedy's 1989 recording of The Four Seasons with the English Chamber Orchestra sold over copies, becoming one of the best-selling classical works ever.

He organised the 1993 PCA World Championship match between Kasparov and Nigel Short in London, for which he was one of the official commentators along with Grandmasters Jonathan Speelman and Daniel King.

The leader of the second largest parliamentary opposition party, the Democratic Unionist Party ( DUP ), Nigel Dodds, usually asks one question later in the session: if he does not, at least one MP from either the DUP or another smaller party such as the Scottish National Party will ask a question.

There is a " basement / 1st floor " that contains one room with a big bed for Nigel and Marianne, a room with a two small beds ( for Debbie and Eliza ) and two hammocks for Donnie and Darwin.

Its senior editor was Stanley Sadie with Nigel Fortune also serving as one of the main editors for the publication.

Writing in the Daily Telegraph in November 2003, Nigel Short claimed that " Tony was insanely jealous of my success, and his inability to accept that he was no longer Britain's number one was an indication of, if not a trigger for, his descent into madness.

The second, which hit the informal settlement of Duduza, Nigel in the Gauteng province, also classified as EF2 hit hours apart from the one that struck Ficksburg.

Peter Nigel Fluck ( born April 7, 1941, Cambridge ) is a caricaturist and one half of the partnership known as Fluck and Law ( with Roger Law ), creators of the satirical TV puppet show Spitting Image.

Sir Herbert Nigel Gresley ( 19 June 1876 – 5 April 1941 ) was one of Britain's most famous steam locomotive engineers, who rose to become Chief Mechanical Engineer ( CME ) of the London and North Eastern Railway ( LNER ).

Much later, Nigel Heseltine introduced a new theory — that his father had been murdered by van Dieren, the sole beneficiary of Heseltine's 1920 will which stood to be revoked by the new one.

Nigel Lewis and Mark Robertson went on to play together in the Escalators with Woodie ( drums / Guitar ) and Bart Coles ( vocals / bass ), a psychedelic rock band ( although with a similar sound to Nigels Meteors vocal tracks ) and released a couple of singles and an album which is widely regarded as one of the very best on the Big Beat record label.

He had four brothers, one of whom ( H. Roland Oliphant ) became a laboratory technician at the University of Adelaide before founding ( with brother Nigel B. Oliphant ) a manufacturing business Oliphant Brothers Ltd. of 163 Gouger Street, which built scientific equipment such as Geiger-Muller tubes and eventually specialised in UV sterilizing equipment.

The side was hit with a number of injuries to key players such as Gabriel Agbonlahor, Stiliyan Petrov, Nigel Reo-Coker and Emile Heskey, and managed just one win in ten Premier League games.

Walters criticisms " of many aspects of Treasury policy, particularly in relation to exchange rate policy " and Thatcher's refusal to dismiss him led to Nigel Lawson's resignation as chancellor in 1989.

" Sir Alan Walters, whose opposition to the ERM as Mrs Thatcher's economic adviser triggered Nigel Lawson's resignation as chancellor, wrote on the buoyant state of the British economy in 2001 that " all the difficult and correct decisions that produced this happy state of affairs were taken and implemented by Norman Lamont, who thus showed himself, in his Mark 2 post ERM version, to be not only the most effective but also the bravest Chancellor since the War.

In June 1989, Howe, and his successor as Chancellor, Nigel Lawson, secretly threatened to both resign over Thatcher's opposition to British membership in the exchange rate mechanism of the European Monetary System.

They were introduced by Nigel Lawson in the 1986 budget for Margaret Thatcher's Conservative government to encourage equity ownership among the wider population.

On 23 November 1989, at a time of both Thatcher's and the Conservative Party's waning popularity and shortly after Nigel Lawson's resignation as chancellor, 69-year-old Meyer put himself forward as the pro-European stalking horse for the leadership of the Conservative Party, fully expecting that one of the more prominent pro-Europeans such as Sir Ian Gilmour or Michael Heseltine would take over the role ; in the event, none of them did so, and Meyer had no illusions that he had any chance of success.

The Chancellor of the Exchequer, Nigel Lawson, had resigned in October over Thatcher's determination to follow the advice of her advisers, specifically Sir Alan Walters.