As Robin, Dick Grayson made regular appearances in Batman related comic books and other DC Comics publications from 1940 through the early 1980s until the character set aside the Robin identity and became the independent superhero Nightwing.

Outsiders writer Judd Winick takes a more Batman-like approach with Nightwing as team-leader, making him refuse any other kind of relation with his teammates than the direct work.

Batman then entrusts Nightwing to alert other heroes about the danger that the Crisis poses.

Before Flashpoint, much like Nightwing and other members of the Bat-Family, Roy's suit is capable of emitting an electronic pulse.

Nightwing decides that instead of functioning in a reactive capacity like most other superhero teams this group should act as hunters, tracking down super-villains before they can cause problems.

Batman also followed Disaster's career, and the Dark Knight chose him to serve on a substitute Justice League of America while the regular members went back in time to Atlantis, the other members of the team being Nightwing, Green Arrow, Atom, Hawkgirl, Faith, Firestorm and Jason Blood.

Nightwing, Batgirl and Robin survive, since all were out of the city at the time of the attack, but the fates of other Blüdhaven-based heroes such as Tarantula are unknown.

He even takes control of Raven in a plot to destroy the city and captures the other Titan members Cyborg, Starfire, Nightwing, and Donna Troy while corrupting them.

In the sequel The Kingdom, Iris is recruited by Rip Hunter ( along with several other heroes of her generation-Ibn al Xu ' ffasch, Batman's son ; Nightstar, the daughter of Nightwing and Starfire ; and Offspring, the son of Plastic Man ) to try to stop a madman named Gog from altering the past, before discovering it to be unnecessary due to Hypertime.

She teams up with Nightwing, Superman, the Veteran, Blue Jay and other heroes in fleeing their situation and gaining intelligence.

However, a subsequent preview from San Diego Comic-Con International instead revealed Superman as a manatee named Supermanate, Batman as a mouse, Wonder Woman as a wombat named Wonder Wombat, Flash as a fish, Green Lantern as a warthog, Aquaman as a mandrill named Aquamandrill, Captain Marvel as a pig, Robin as a robin egg with legs, Cyborg as a bug named Cybug, Darkseid as a duck, Joker as a fish, Catwoman as a cat, Mister Mxyzptlk as a chicken, Solomon Grundy as a rabbit, Two-Face as a bull, Bizarro as a dog, Captain Cold as a shark, Sinestro as a hippo, and Lex Luthor as a liger named Lex Liger, but will also feature other DC characters as animals including Animal Man as a monkey and other animal versions of him, Beast Boy as a monkey and other animal versions of him, B ' wana Beast as a bear named B ' wana Bear, Black Manta as a manta ray, Brainiac as a yak named Braini-Yak, Gorilla Grodd as a gorilla, Martian Manhunter as a vulture, Nightwing as a bat, Batgirl as a fox, Supergirl as a rabbit, Wonder Girl as a pig, Raven as a raven, Black Canary as a canary, Green Arrow as a hawk, Huntress as a leopard, Power Girl as a pig, Lobo as a wolf, Harley Quinn as an octopus, Poison Ivy as a snake, Mr. Freeze as a polar bear, Penguin as a penguin, Riddler as a chameleon, Scarecrow as a tiger, Killer Croc as a crocodile, Cheetah as a cheetah, Captain Boomerang as a kangaroo, Hawkman as a hawk, Captain Atom as a flea or an elephant, and other DC heroes and villains as animals including monkeys, dogs, cats, horses, dolphins, bears, pigs, rabbits, birds, fish, bugs, etc.

The team's new line up consists of former New Teen Titans Nightwing, Flash, Donna Troy, Beast Boy, Raven, Cyborg, Red Arrow, and Starfire.

For several years, Nightwing leads various incarnations of the Titans and becomes the most respected former sidekick in the DC Universe.

Nightwing, along with a group of former Titans, are summoned again by Raven to aid the current group of Teen Titans battle against Deathstroke, who was targeting the latest team in order to get at his children, Ravager and the resurrected Jericho.

With Vic's consciousness dormant, but his desire for companionship controlling the actions of the Technis ' planet, it began kidnapping former Titans members-his conscious mind so suppressed that he was not only searching for deceased Titans, but even sent one probe looking for himself as Cyborg-and plugging them into virtual reality scenarios, representing what he believed to be their " perfect worlds "; for example, Beast Boy was back with the Doom Patrol, Damage was spending time being congratulated by the Justice Society, and Nightwing was confronted by a Batman who actually smiled.

He went on a mission with Nightwing ( the former Robin ) to track down Cheshire and prevent her from assassinating a group of diplomats.

In its most recent formation the group's leadership was relinquished by Nightwing to Batman, who recruited former members and newcomers.

He proved to be quite formidable, but was subdued after Nightwing showed up to aid his former mentor.

Tim Drake, the newest Robin, admits Rose to the team as a favor to the team founder and ex-leader, her former mentor, Nightwing.

Tim Drake argues with Bruce to allow Dick Grayson ( the former Robin and then-current Nightwing ) to become Batman, as he is more experienced and mentally competent.

Despite his swift and vicious consolidation of power, Blockbuster's hold on Blüdhaven's organized crime was nevertheless weakened by the intervention of the city's new protector, Nightwing ( Dick Grayson, the former Robin ), who, with Oracle's help, foiled Desmond's plans at every turn.

The character was re-discovered by a new generation of fans during the 1980s because of the success of The New Teen Titans, in which he left Batman's shadow entirely to assume the identity of Nightwing.

This idea, that Robin is in fact Dick Grayson, is further supported in Teen Titans in an episode in which Starfire travels to the future, and Robin has taken the identity of Nightwing.

Shortly after a struggle with Jericho, who it is revealed is under control of the numerous people that he has taken command of over the years, Nightwing resigns from the Titans, due to his new responsibilities in Gotham.

After " insiders " threaten both the Outsiders and the newest incarnation of Teen Titans, however, Nightwing realizes that the team has gotten " too personal " and quits.

One year later, Dick Grayson returns to New York City ( his previous home base with the Teen Titans ) in order to find out who has been masquerading as Nightwing.

Nightwing joins a new team of Titans, with the same roster of the New Teen Titans, to stop an as of yet unnamed offspring of Trigon from enacting his vengeance over Raven and the Titans, of every generation.

Jupiter gathered together the original Titans ( now going by the aliases of Nightwing, Tempest, Flash, Troia, and Arsenal ) to combat the threat of his bitter, super-powered son Jarrod Jupiter ( Haze ).

Shaken by these losses, Nightwing decided to officially end the Titans.

In the Titans of Tomorrow storyline, Batwoman said that Starfire would have a wonderful future with Nightwing.

Omen reveals him / her self in Teen Titans # 14 ( November 1997 ); Wally West | Flash saw Raven ( comics ) | Raven, Nightwing saw Phantasm ( comics ) | Phantasm, Arsenal ( DC Comics ) | Arsenal saw Lilith ( the true one ) and Garth ( comics ) | Tempest saw Mal DuncanShe took the name Omen, and became part of the Teen Titans team led by a teenaged Atom and founded by Loren Jupiter ; initially, the team did not realize that Omen was Lilith.

Haze was defeated by the Teen Titans with the aid of four of the original Titans: Nightwing, Tempest, Flash III and Arsenal.

This tragedy, told in Titans / Young Justice: Graduation Day # 1-3, led team leader Nightwing to disband the two groups ( though they would be reformed shortly thereafter as the Outsiders and the latest incarnation of the Teen Titans ).

Some of the notable logos he created during the period 1977 – 1995 include the Batman logo used for the Batman: Year One storyline, The New Teen Titans ( including character logos for team members Nightwing, Starfire, Raven, Cyborg, the Changeling, and Jericho ), Amethyst: Princess of Gemworld, Camelot 3000, Doctor Strange, The Amazing Spider-Man, and Magneto.

When the Outsiders were targeted by Checkmate, Nightwing agrees that his team will work with the organization, so long as their actions in Africa are not used against them in the future.

Once the two guitarists were in place, the group was completed with the recruitment of American drummer Jonathan Mover ( ex-Marillion, and later to work with Joe Satriani and Steve Vai ), bass guitarist Phil Spalding ( ex-Bernie Torme, Toyah, Mike Oldfield and Original Mirrors ) and singer Max Bacon ( ex-Moby Dick, Nightwing and Bronz ).

Under the writing of Devin Grayson ( noted for her work on Batman series Batman: Gotham Knights ) Nightwing allowed the amoral vigilante Tarantula to shoot and kill Blockbuster, although the reader sees that he could have stopped her.

His subsequent series work includes the runs on Nightwing, of which he illustrated most of the issues between # 71-84 from 2002 to 2003, and on Batgirl, of which he drew issues # 45-52 from 2003 to 2004.

DC was initially hesitant to turn Grayson into Nightwing and to replace him with a new Robin.

Dick Grayson's origin, years with Batman, and growth into Nightwing remained mostly unchanged ; but Todd's character was completely revised.

" Call of the Wild " and " Devil & Daughter " are also the only songs that do not end slowly fading out with Tony Martin ad-libbing ( though " Nightwing " has only the band performing fading out with no ad-libbing on Martin's part ).

This future Batcave of Batman Beyond includes not only replicas of Batman's most famous enemies ( both as wax dummies and robot combat trainers ), but also a display case with the many permutations of costumes of Robin, Batgirl, Nightwing, and Batman himself.

The " Nightwing " identity is revealed to be based on a mythical Kryptonian creature, whose existence is intertwined with that of its partner beast, the Flamebird.

Inside the Phantom Zone Chris ' mind interfaced with a piece of Brainiac technology, awakening a long-dormant connection to the Nightwing, and linking his mind to that of Thara Ak-Var, who had a connection to the Flamebird.

Later on, with the Nightwing miniseries ( September 1995 to December 1995, written by Dennis O ' Neil with Greg Land as artist ), Dick briefly considers retiring from being Nightwing forever before family papers uncovered by Alfred reveal a possible link between the murder of the Flying Graysons and the Crown Prince of Kravia.

In 1996, following the success of the miniseries, DC Comics launched a monthly solo series featuring Nightwing ( written by Chuck Dixon, with art by Scott McDaniel ), in which he patrols Gotham's neighboring municipality of Blüdhaven.

This ruse includes Nightwing aligning himself with his long-time enemy Deathstroke in order to track the manufacturing and distribution of Bane's venom serum and to keep tabs on the Society's activities in Gotham and Blüdhaven.

Saved by the Justice Society, Nightwing recovers with Barbara at his side.

While Nightwing is hesitant, due to his engagement with Barbara, she encourages him to go and returns his engagement ring so he can make an honest decision for himself.

Soon after his journey with Batman and Robin ends, Nightwing returns to Gotham, following Intergang's trail.