But it's hard to imagine Mr. Burman as a Nobel laureate on the basis of these charming but not really momentous fables.

* 1911 – Feodor Felix Konrad Lynen, German biochemist, Nobel laureate ( d. 1979 )

* 1920 – Edmond H. Fischer, Swiss-American biochemist, Nobel laureate

* 1928 – James D. Watson, American geneticist, Nobel laureate

* 1949 – Horst Ludwig Störmer, German physicist, Nobel laureate

* 1884 – Otto Meyerhof, German physician and biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1951 )

* 1901 – Simon Kuznets, Ukrainian economist, Nobel laureate ( d. 1985 )

* 1902 – Theodore Schultz, American economist, Nobel laureate ( d. 1998 )

* 1865 – Charles G. Dawes, American general and politician, 30th Vice President of the United States, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1951 )

* 1874 – Carl Bosch, German chemist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1940 )

* 1915 – Norman Foster Ramsey, Jr., American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 2011 )

* 1881 – Alexander Fleming, Scottish scientist, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1955 )

* 1911 – William Alfred Fowler, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1996 )

* 1912 – Salvador Luria, Italian-American microbiologist, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1991 )

* 1918 – Frederick Sanger, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate

* 1941 – Jules A. Hoffmann, French biologist, Nobel Prize laureate

* 1968 – Lev Davidovich Landau, Russian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate ( b. 1908 )

* 1885 – George de Hevesy, Hungarian chemist and Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1966 )

* 1945 – Douglas Osheroff, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate

* 1959 – Koichi Tanaka, Japanese engineer and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate

* 1942 – Richard Willstätter, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate ( b. 1872 )

* 1979 – Bertil Ohlin, Swedish economist, Nobel Prize laureate ( b. 1899 )

* 1904 – Ralph Bunche, American diplomat, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1971 )

* 1901 – Ernest Lawrence, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1958 )

* 1902 – Paul Dirac, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1984 )

* 1921 – Kenneth Arrow, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate

* 1924 – Robert Solow, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate

* 1910 – Tjalling Koopmans, Dutch-American economist Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1985 )

* 1913 – Richard Stone, English economist, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1991 )

* 1921 – Thomas Schelling, American economist, Nobel laureate

In the 1980s, Milton Friedman, the Nobel Prize-winning economist and father of Monetarism, contended that some of the concerns of trade deficits are unfair criticisms in an attempt to push macroeconomic policies favorable to exporting industries.

* 1898 – Gunnar Myrdal, Swedish economist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics ( d. 1987 )

* 1940 – Edward C. Prescott, American economist, Nobel laureate

The 2007 print version of the Britannica has 4, 411 contributors, many eminent in their fields, such as Nobel Laureate economist Milton Friedman, astronomer Carl Sagan, and surgeon Michael DeBakey.

The Britannica has an Editorial Board of Advisors, which includes 12 distinguished scholars: author Nicholas Carr, religion scholar Wendy Doniger, political economist Benjamin M. Friedman, Council on Foreign Relations President Emeritus Leslie H. Gelb, computer scientist David Gelernter, Physics Nobel laureate Murray Gell-Mann, Carnegie Corporation of New York President Vartan Gregorian, philosopher Thomas Nagel, cognitive scientist Donald Norman, musicologist Don Michael Randel, Stewart Sutherland, Baron Sutherland of Houndwood, President of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, and cultural anthropologist Michael Wesch.

Other names connected to the city include Max Born, physicist and Nobel laureate ; Charles Darwin, the biologist who discovered natural selection ; David Hume, a philosopher, economist and historian ; James Hutton, regarded as the " Father of Geology "; John Napier inventor of logarithms ; chemist and one of the founders of thermodynamics Joseph Black ; pioneering medical researchers Joseph Lister and James Young Simpson ; chemist and discoverer of the element nitrogen, Daniel Rutherford ; mathematician and developer of the Maclaurin series, Colin Maclaurin and Ian Wilmut, the geneticist involved in the cloning of Dolly the sheep just outside Edinburgh.

Nobel Prize winning economist Milton Friedman argued for the modern concept of vouchers in the 1950s, stating that competition would improve schools and cost efficiency.

* 1953 – Paul Krugman, American economist, Nobel laureate

* 1943 – Joseph E. Stiglitz, American economist, Nobel laureate

* 2001 – Herbert A. Simon, American economist, Nobel laureate ( b. 1916 )

On 9 October 1974, it was announced that Hayek would be awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics, along with Swedish socialist economist Gunnar Myrdal.

Hayek is the second-most frequently cited economist ( after Kenneth Arrow ) in the Nobel lectures of the prize winners in economics, particularly since his lecture was critical of the field of orthodox economics and neo-classical modelization.

A number of Nobel Laureates in economics, such as Vernon Smith and Herbert A. Simon, recognize Hayek as the greatest modern economist.

Another Nobel winner, Paul Samuelson believes that Hayek was worthy of his award but nevertheless claims that " there were good historical reasons for fading memories of Hayek within the mainstream last half of the twentieth century economist fraternity.

* James M. Buchanan, Nobel Prize-winning economist ( 1986 )

* Vernon L. Smith, Nobel Prize-winning economist ( 2002 )

* 1973 – Ragnar Anton Kittil Frisch, Norwegian economist, Nobel laureate ( b. 1895 )