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Page "Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs" ¶ 21
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Nuclear and weapons
Nuclear weapons are fearsome, but the long-range ballistic missile gives them a stealth and merciless swiftness which is much more terrifying.
Nuclear weapons have given the world the means for self-destruction in hours or days ; ;
* 1953 – Nuclear weapons testing: the Soviet atomic bomb project continues with the detonation of Joe 4, the first Soviet thermonuclear weapon.
Category: Nuclear weapons program of the Soviet Union
Category: Nuclear weapons governance
Category: Nuclear weapons of the United Kingdom
B. Priestley on " Britain and the Nuclear Bombs ", which was critical of Aneurin Bevan for changing his mind about nuclear weapons and ceasing to advocate unilateral nuclear disarmament by Britain.
Organisations that had previously opposed British nuclear weapons supported CND, including the British Peace Committee, the Direct Action Committee, the National Committee for the Abolition of Nuclear Weapons Tests and the Quakers.
* Nuclear weapons and the United Kingdom
* Nuclear weapons testing cases, such as between New Zealand and France before the International Court of Justice ;
Mountbatten expressed his feelings towards the use of nuclear weapons in combat in his article " A Military Commander Surveys The Nuclear Arms Race ", which was published shortly after his death in International Security in the winter of 1979 – 80.
* 1962 – Nuclear weapons testing: The " Small Boy " test shot Little Feller I becomes the last atmospheric test detonation at the Nevada National Security Site.
Category: Nuclear weapons program of the Soviet Union
Category: Nuclear weapons program of the Soviet Union
Nuclear fission produces energy for nuclear power and to drive the explosion of nuclear weapons.
Nuclear fission weapons must use an extremely high quality, highly-enriched fuel exceeding the critical size and geometry ( critical mass ) in order to obtain an explosive chain reaction.
Nuclear weapons are designed to operate under this state.
Nuclear fission weapons require a mass of fissile fuel that is prompt supercritical.
* Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, an international treaty, opened for signature on July 1, 1968 to limit the spread of nuclear weapons
* Nuclear technology, applications of nuclear energy including nuclear power, nuclear medicine, and nuclear weapons
Nuclear disarmament refers to both the act of reducing or eliminating nuclear weapons and to the end state of a nuclear-free world, in which nuclear weapons are completely eliminated.
Critics of nuclear disarmament say that it would undermine deterrence, and if nuclear weapons were completely eliminated, it would destroy the current Nuclear peace the world is experiencing and would make the large Conventional wars, common before the Nuclear age, far more likely.
* Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty ( NPT )— signed 1968, came into force 1970: An international treaty ( currently with 189 member states ) to limit the spread of nuclear weapons.

Nuclear and nuclear
* 1986 – A nuclear reactor accident occurs at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in the Soviet Union ( now Ukraine ), creating the world's worst nuclear disaster.
John Rhinelander, a negotiator of the ABM treaty, predicted that the withdrawal would be a " fatal blow " to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and would lead to a " world without effective legal constraints on nuclear proliferation.
Eventually the Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty banning underwater nuclear tests went into effect.
* Nuclear cardiology: The use of nuclear medicine to visualize the uptake of an isotope by the heart using radioactive sources.
The Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament ( CND ) is an anti-nuclear organisation that advocates unilateral nuclear disarmament by the United Kingdom, international nuclear disarmament and tighter international arms regulation through agreements such as the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
When the Israeli nuclear program started later that decade, a location not far from the city was chosen for the Negev Nuclear Research Center due to its relative isolation in the desert and availability of housing.
The anti-nuclear movement has delayed construction or halted commitments to build some new nuclear plants, and has pressured the Nuclear Regulatory Commission to enforce and strengthen the safety regulations for nuclear power plants.
More recent campaigning by anti-nuclear groups has related to several nuclear power plants including the Enrico Fermi Nuclear Power Plant, Indian Point Energy Center, Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station, Pilgrim Nuclear Generating Station, Salem Nuclear Power Plant, and Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Plant.
There have also been campaigns relating to the Y-12 Nuclear Weapons Plant, the Idaho National Laboratory, proposed Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository, the Hanford Site, the Nevada Test Site, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and transportation of nuclear waste from the Los Alamos National Laboratory.
* 1971 – The first unit of the Pickering Nuclear Generating Station, the first commercial nuclear power station in Canada, goes online.
Ghana gets 97 % of its energy from damming lake Volta and exports much of this to neighboring countries, however organisations such as the Ghana Nuclear Society have advocated the introduction of nuclear power into Ghana and indeed the country now has an atomic energy commission.

Nuclear and proliferation
* Nuclear proliferation
* Nuclear proliferation
The Nuclear Suppliers Group ( NSG ) was formed in reaction to the Indian tests to check international nuclear proliferation.
See Nuclear proliferation.
* Nuclear proliferation
Category: Nuclear proliferation
Category: Nuclear proliferation
# REDIRECT Nuclear proliferation
Nuclear Suppliers Group ( NSG ) is a multinational body concerned with reducing nuclear proliferation by controlling the export and re-transfer of materials that may be applicable to nuclear weapon development and by improving safeguards and protection on existing materials.
Category: Nuclear proliferation
Nuclear reactors that are intended to be sold to countries that otherwise do not possess nuclear weapons must be made tamper-resistant to prevent nuclear proliferation.
Category: Nuclear proliferation
Category: Nuclear proliferation
Category: Nuclear proliferation
However, since the arrest of Abdul Qadeer Khan, the Government has taken concrete steps to ensure that Nuclear proliferation is not repeated and have assured the IAEA about the transparency of Pakistan's upcoming Chashma Nuclear Power Complex series of Nuclear Power Plants.
Senator Nunn left Congress and now heads the Nuclear Threat Initiative, a private organization concerned with nuclear proliferation issues.
Category: Nuclear proliferation
Category: Nuclear proliferation
Category: Nuclear proliferation
Tom Lehrer's 1965 album That Was The Year That Was consisted entirely of satirical topical songs on topics ranging from Nuclear proliferation (" MLF Lullaby ") to the Second Vatican Council (" The Vatican Rag ").

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