A later senatorial investigation into the disappearance of the public funds made no action against Octavian, since he subsequently used that money to raise troops against the Senate's arch enemy, Mark Antony.

Octavian was not present, but at the next meeting made a reply of such a nature that the consuls both left Rome to join Antony ; and Antony, when he heard of it, after publicly divorcing Octavia, came at once to Ephesus with Cleopatra, where a vast fleet was gathered from all parts of the East, of which Cleopatra furnished a large proportion.

Encouraged by Cicero, the Senate denounced Antony and in January 43 they granted Octavian imperium ( commanding power ), which made his command of troops legal and sent him to relieve the siege, along with Aulus Hirtius and Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus, the consuls for 43 BC.

After the battle, a new arrangement was made between the members of the Second Triumvirate: while Octavian returned to Rome, Antony went on to govern the east.

Antony made peace with Octavian in September 40 BC and married Octavian's sister Octavia Minor.

When Octavian heard that Brutus was on his way to Rome, he made peace with Antonius.

In 27 BC, Octavian appeared before the Senate and offered to retire from active politics and government ; the Senate not only requested he remain, but increased his powers and made them lifelong, awarding him the title of Augustus ( the elevated or divine one, somewhat less than a god but approaching divinity ).

In 1973, she made her Metropolitan Opera debut as Octavian in Strauss's Der Rosenkavalier.

It wasn't until the rule of Octavian, when Marcus Licinius Crassus, the grandson of the Caesarian Triumvir and then proconsul of Macedonia, finally stabilized the region with a campaign beginning in 29 BC Moesia was formally organized into a province some time before 6 AD, when the first mention of its governor, Caecina Severus, is made.

By the 1930s, their anti-fascism and the Jewish ethnicity of their new owners made Adevărul and Dimineaţa the targets of negative campaigns in the far right press, and the antisemitic Octavian Goga cabinet banned them down upon obtaining power in 1937.

In political life Gallus espoused the cause of Octavian, and as a reward for his services was made prefect of Egypt ( Suetonius, Augustus, 66 ).

However, Octavian had a great affection for his daughter and made sure she had the best teachers available.

The triumvirate was renewed for a period of another five years ( ending in 33 BC ) and Octavian promised again to send legions to the East.

Octavian gained permission from the College of Pontiffs to wed her while she was still pregnant from another husband.

As Vianu commented, Caragiale exploited the theme to so much success that it took another generation for youthful love to be presented in a non-comedic context ( with the common signature writings of Ştefan Octavian Iosif and Dimitrie Anghel ).

Octavian went for another expedition to the inland, against the Iapodes, from the Liburnian port of Senia ( Senj ) and conquered their most important positions in 34 BC.

The queen was shortly afterwards brought from this place to the palace and vainly attempted to move Octavian to pity.

Octavian forced Lepidus to resign after the older triumvir attempted an ill-judged political move.

Though he quickly dropped " Octavianus " from his name and his contemporaries referred to him as " Caesar " during this period, historians refer to him as Octavian between 44 BC and 27 BC.

Octavian's prestige and, more importantly, the loyalty of his legions, had been initially boosted by Julius Caesar's legacy of 44 BC, by which the then nineteen-year-old Octavian had been officially adopted as the only son of the great Roman general and also established as the sole legitimate heir of his enormous wealth.

One of the first examples of rule by decree was in the ancient Roman Republic when, after the assassination of Julius Caesar in 44 BC, his successor, Gaius Octavian, general Mark Antony and succeeding pontifex maximus Aemilius Lepidus seized power in the Second Triumvirate, officially recognized by the senate by the Lex Titia decree.

In 44 BC, for example, it ratified the will of Julius Caesar, and with it Caesar's adoption of his nephew Gaius Octavian ( the future Roman emperor Augustus ) as his son and heir.

* 44 / 42 BC – Third Roman civil war, between the assassins of Caesar ( led by Cassius and Brutus ) and Caesar's heirs, Octavian and Mark Antony

* Post-Caesarian civil war ( 44 BC ), between the Senate's army ( led first by Cicero and then by Octavian ) and the army of Antony, Lepidus, and their colleagues-Truce results in union of forces.

* Sicilian revolt ( 44 – 36 BC ), between the Second Triumvirate ( particularly Octavian and Agrippa ) and Sextus Pompey, the son of Pompey-Triumvirate victory.

After Caesar's murder 44 BC, Balbus was equally successful in gaining the favour of Octavian ; in 43 BC or 42 BC he was praetor, and in 40 BC he became the first naturalised Roman citizen to attain the consulship.

In 45 and 44 BC, Octavian, later to become the Emperor Augustus, studied for 6 months in Apolonia, which had established a high reputation as a center of Greek learning, especially the art of rhetoric.

However, after Caesar ’ s death in 44 BC, the Bosporan Kingdom was restored to Asander and Dynamis by Caesar ’ s great nephew and heir Octavian.

Matius and Octavian managed the July 44 games honoring the recently assassinated dictator.

The Iulii Caesares rose to absolute power in the Roman state in the person of the paterfamilias, Julius Caesar himself ; upon his murder in 44 BC, the majority of his estate passed to his posthumously adopted son, Octavian, the grandson of Caesar's sister Julia.

In 44 BC, it ratified the will of Julius Caesar, and with it Caesar's adoption of his nephew Gaius Octavian ( the future Roman Emperor Augustus ) as his son and heir.

In 44 BCE, he seems to have followed Octavian to Rome and continued mentoring him there.

* 30 BC – Octavian ( later known as Augustus ) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic.

* As part of his actions to strengthen his political ties to Caesar's former soldiers, in 42 BC, following the deification of Caesar, Octavian added Divi Filius ( Son of the Divine ) to his name, becoming Gaius Julius Caesar Divi Filius.

* In 38 BC, Octavian replaced his praenomen " Gaius " and nomen " Julius " with Imperator, the title by which troops hailed their leader after military success, officially becoming Imperator Caesar Divi Filius

However, despite the fact that he never officially bore the name Octavianus, to save confusing the dead dictator with his heir, historians often refer to the new Caesar — between his adoption and his assumption, in 27 BC, of the name Augustus — as Octavian.

The alliance commonly known as the Second Triumvirate, renewed for a five-year term in 38 BC, broke down when Octavian came to perceive Caesarion, the son of Julius Caesar and the Egyptian Queen Cleopatra VII, as a major threat to his power.

Despite a victory at Alexandria on 31 July 30 BC, more of Mark Antony's men deserted, leaving him with insufficient forces to fight Octavian.

However, on his death in 25 BC, Galatia was incorporated by Octavian Augustus into the Roman Empire, becoming a Roman province.

* 27 BC: Establishment of the Roman Empire under Octavian.

* 38 BC – Octavian divorces his wife Scribonia and marries Livia Drusilla, ending the fragile peace between the Second Triumvirate and Sextus Pompey.

On Caesar's return to Italy in September 45 BC, he filed his will, naming his grandnephew Gaius Octavius ( Octavian ) as the heir to everything, including his name.

October 8 BC ) was an ally, friend and political advisor to Octavian ( who was to become the first Emperor of Rome as Caesar Augustus ) as well as an important patron for the new generation of Augustan poets.

He first appears in history in 40 BC, when he was employed by Octavian in arranging his marriage with Scribonia, and afterwards in assisting to negotiate the treaty of Brundisium and the reconciliation with Mark Antony.

Disagreement between Octavian and Antony erupted into civil war, the final war of the Roman Republic, in 31 BC.

Struck in 41 BC, this coin was issued to celebrate the establishment of the Second Triumvirate by Octavian, Antony and Marcus Aemilius Lepidus ( triumvir ) | Marcus Lepidus in 43 BC.

When they knew that Marcus Junius Brutus and Gaius Cassius were assembling an army in order to march on Rome, Antony, Octavian and Lepidus allied in November 43 BC, forming the Second Triumvirate to stop Caesar's assassins.

Brutus and Cassius were defeated by Antony and Octavian at the Battle of Philippi in October 42 BC.

In spring 40 BC he was forced to return to Rome following news of his wife Fulvia's involvement in civil strife with Octavian on his behalf.