On 1 December 2009, Standard and Poors upgraded Bulgaria's investment outlook from " negative " to " stable ," which made Bulgaria the only country in the European Union to receive positive upgrade that year.

On the other hand, for integer order α, the following relationship is valid ( note that the Gamma function becomes infinite for negative integer arguments ):

On the other hand, if the Rayleigh Index is negative, then thermoacoustic damping occurs.

On the most basic level, electronegativity is determined by factors like the nuclear charge ( the more protons an atom has, the more " pull " it will have on negative electrons ) and the number / location of other electrons present in the atomic shells ( the more electrons an atom has, the farther from the nucleus the valence electrons will be, and as a result the less positive charge they will experience — both because of their increased distance from the nucleus, and because the other electrons in the lower energy core orbitals will act to shield the valence electrons from the positively charged nucleus ).

On the other hand if ΔH is negative, the reaction is exothermic, that is the overall decrease in enthalpy is achieved by the generation of heat.

On the subject of welfare, the Friedmans argue that current welfare practices are creating " wards of the state " as opposed to " self-reliant individuals " and suggest a negative income tax as a less harmful alternative.

On the negative side, public sector wage increases and regional peacekeeping commitments have led to continued inflationary deficit financing, depreciation of the Cedi, and rising public discontent with Ghana's austerity measures.

On May 30, 2000, Matt Stum suggested that " stash " could have negative connotations, and suggested instead " geocaching.

On the negative side, the Ndwandwe remnants had been able to withdraw intact, and all the Zulu cattle were captured.

In 1917, Albert Einstein established the theoretical foundations for the laser and the maser in the paper Zur Quantentheorie der Strahlung ( On the Quantum Theory of Radiation ); via a re-derivation of Max Planck ’ s law of radiation, conceptually based upon probability coefficients ( Einstein coefficients ) for the absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation ; in 1928, Rudolf W. Ladenburg confirmed the existences of the phenomena of stimulated emission and negative absorption ; in 1939, Valentin A. Fabrikant predicted the use of stimulated emission to amplify “ short ” waves ; in 1947, Willis E. Lamb and R. C. Retherford found apparent stimulated emission in hydrogen spectra and effected the first demonstration of stimulated emission ; in 1950, Alfred Kastler ( Nobel Prize for Physics 1966 ) proposed the method of optical pumping, experimentally confirmed, two years later, by Brossel, Kastler, and Winter.

On the other hand, an assessment of data collected and analyzed by David Neumark and William Wascher did not initially contradict the Card / Krueger results, but in a later edited version they found that the same general sample had a small negative effect on employment.

On the negative side, this was deliberately done by the Nazis On the more positive side, proverbs have also been used for positive purposes.

On the other hand, many historians now point out that most of the negative social factors popularly associated with the medieval period – poverty, warfare, religious and political persecution, for example – seem to have worsened in this era which saw the rise of Machiavellian politics, the Wars of Religion, the corrupt Borgia Popes, and the intensified witch-hunts of the 16th century.

On the negative stat sheet, they gave up the most punt return yards per game ( 18. 9 ) & had 29 turnovers.

On the other hand, a typical four-cylinder engine shows peaks of nearly 300 % above mean torque and valleys of 200 % below mean torque, with 100 % negative torque being delivered between strokes.

On the negative side, general critique included this by American film author George Morris:

On 30 November 1983, ASIS garnered unwanted negative attention when a training operation held at the Sheraton Hotel, now the Mercure ( Spring Street ), in Melbourne went disastrously wrong.

On June 20, 1988, Alton Miller again indicated that drug reports on Washington had come back negative, and that Washington had not been poisoned prior to his death.

On the negative side, he could be impulsive, obstinate, severe, and autocratic.

On the negative side, if reforms are perceived to be imposed ‘ from above ’, it can be difficult for lower levels to accept them ( e. g. Bresser Pereira, Maravall, and Przeworski 1993 ).

On top of this, Portes has identified four negative consequences of social capital: exclusion of outsiders ; excess claims on group members ; restrictions on individual freedom ; and downward levelling norms.

On the presumption that the language is Greek, Vesuvius might be a Latinization of the negative οὔ ( ve ) prefixed to a root from or related to the Greek word σβέννυμι = " I quench ", in the sense of " unquenchable ".

On 1 July 2008, film experts in Berlin announced that a 16 mm reduction negative of the original cut of the film had been discovered in the archives of the Museo del Cine in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

On the downstream, or `` pavilion '', side these vaults give out onto terraces twice as wide as the bridge itself.

On his father's side he was of German descent, on his mother's he came of the old Swedish nobility.

`` On each side of the Hoogli, where we are now sailing, are the Hindoo cottages, as thick together as the houses in our seaports.

On the social side, the chore Mama had at the formal receptions at the White House thrilled her the most.

On Christmas Eve, students brought out two small Christmas trees which I placed on either side of the tent.

On the other side are the Celtic survivalists who have taken a tack divergent from both these schools of nineteenth century thought.

Even so, it adds up to impossible odds, except that the question arises, On whose side would the Mainland Chinese army fight??

On the other side of the church was a quiet, well-kept house with shutters and recently painted.

On the east side of the island of Manhattan the indifferent hawk knew the East River that connected New York Bay with Long Island Sound.

On the other side of the Golden Horn I rode through Eminonu Square, with Yeni Cami, or the New Mosque, which dates from the Seventeenth Century, just across from the entrance to the bridge.

On each side of the motor well there's storage for battery, bumpers, line and spare props with six-gallon gas tanks below.

On C, from the point P at Af to the point Q at Af, we construct the chord, and upon the chord as a side erect a square in such a way that as S approaches zero the square is inside C.

On the one side we have the university professors and their students, trained in Teutonic methods of research, who have sought out, collected and studied the true products of the oral traditions of the ethnic, regional and occupational groups that make up this nation.

On the other side of the ledger is the fact that he did see his niece and the woman with whom she was staying.

On his side of the road there were two farm hands, well back in a field, leaning against a plow.

On this side of the Bay, Miami Beach cops had no more legal rights than any ordinary citizen, and Shayne's pistol permit was just as good as theirs.

More: On the free world side.

On the positive side, recent Federal action has largely undermined the legal sanction so long enjoyed by the segregationist position ; ;

`` On the side toward the horizon -- the southern hemisphere -- it is spring ; ;

" On the biological or physical side, human measurements, genetic samples, nutritional data may be gathered and published as articles or monographs.

On the surface of the ground or in water they move by undulating their body from side to side.

On September 13, 1861, in view of the decision of the Kentucky legislature to side with the Union after the occupation of Columbus by Polk, Johnston ordered Brig.

On the opposite side of the continent,