Originally the site of a Roman fort, Gobannium, it became a medieval walled town within the Welsh Marches.

Originally Dartmouth's only wharf was Bayard's Cove, a relatively small but picturesque area protected by a fort at the southern end of the town.

Originally based on the still-existent village of Inverlochy, the town lies at the southern end of the Great Glen, on the shores of Loch Linnhe and Loch Eil.

Originally based on linen, this quickly moved to wool and factories multiplied, driving the growth of the town.

Originally displayed within a temple, the stele was probably moved during the early Christian or medieval period and eventually used as building material in the construction of Fort Julien near the town of Rashid ( Rosetta ) in the Nile Delta.

Originally a group of teenage friends attending Sunnydale High in a town built on top of a Hellmouth, the group gradually expanded, eventually merging with the Watchers ' Council to become a global organization dealing with demonic threats worldwide and training thousands of Slayers.

Originally settled in the 1650s by the Europeans as Billingsgate ( after the famous fish market in East London ), Wellfleet was part of neighboring Eastham until 1763, achieving town status after nearly 30 years of petitioning.

Originally the parishes of Dover St. Mary's and Dover St. James, since 1836 Buckland and Charlton have become part Dover, and Maxton ( a hamlet to the west ), River, Kearsney, Temple Ewell, and Whitfield, all to the north of the town centre, are within its conurbation.

Originally a mining town, Telluride now is known for its ski resort, Telluride Ski Resort.

Originally an Illyrian settlement the town was later captured by the Carni.

Originally, perhaps, each town clustered round one temple, and each head of family had a right to minister there and share its receipts.

Originally an agricultural market town, the construction of the Erie Railroad ( now Norfolk Southern ) in the 1840s made Binghamton the commercial and then the manufacturing hub of the Southern Tier of New York and the adjacent counties in Pennsylvania.

Originally the town focused around the Roman Catholic community that settled near a regular local market frequented by the population of the region on the lower reaches of the river.

Originally producer Wanger and Siegel wanted to shoot Invasion of the Body Snatchers on location in the town Jack Finney described in his novel: Mill Valley, just north of San Francisco.

Originally called Samarobriva (" Somme bridge ") by the Gauls, the town was later given the name Ambianum by the Romans as it was a settlement of the Gallic Ambiani people.

Originally Milngavie was in the Parish of New Kilpatrick, the church being that of New Kilpatrick in Bearsden, with no formal place of worship in the town until the eighteenth century.

Originally two separate metropolitan boroughs with their own town halls and administrations, it has today a single united local government authority, the Kensington & Chelsea London Borough Council, based in Kensington.

Originally called Bridgeville, a U. S. Post Office was established in the town by 1841.

Originally known as ' Maley ,' the town was founded in 1880 as a whistlestop on the Southern Pacific Railroad.

Originally known as Prospect Bluff, the town was founded in 1840 by Erastus Gregory.

Originally known as Cold Spring Ranch until 1902 ( because of an icy spring ), the town sits on State Route 4 and historically was a stopping point along the toll road between Murphys and Ebbetts Pass, often serving as a resort for visitors to what is now Calaveras Big Trees State Park.

Originally an oil boom town, the place was named after Ford Motor Company due to the abundance of Ford Model T cars there.

Originally a small agricultural town ( primarily citrus orchards ) centered around the intersection of Arrow Highway and Bonnie Cove Avenue, population growth greatly expanded the area recognized as " Charter Oak ".

Originally the settlement of Val Verde was a short-lived boom town built by Spanish settlers near a gold strike in the 19th century.

Originally brought to life by the pioneers of the timber industry, the town of Graeagle was the site of the Graeagle Lumber Company and its “ Box Factory ” owned by the California Fruit Exchange.

Originally named Bytown, Ottawa did not become the Canadian capital until the mid-19th century after the original parliament in Montreal was torched by a rioting mob of English-speaking citizens on April 25, 1849.

Originally named Bytown, Ottawa did not become the Canadian capital until the mid-19th century after the original parliament in Montreal was torched by a rioting mob of English-speaking citizens on April 25, 1849.

Originally inhabited by the Maidu and Miwok Indians, by the mid-19th century the city site was known as Alder Grove ; however, as development increased the city became known as Illinoistown.

Originally built as an almshouse in the mid-19th century, it includes over of open space.

Originally, the breed had a fairly large population, and until the mid-19th century the Eriskay and similar ponies were found throughout the western islands of Scotland.

Originally built in 1820, it was part of one of the most extensive collections of citrus trees in the U. S. by the mid-19th century.

Originally manufactured in Nelson, Lancashire they were devised by Thomas Fryer and Edward Smith MD in the mid-19th century and were initially made by hand to ensure that each sweet contained the correct amount of therapeutic ingredients ; ether, liquorice and chloroform.

Originally, the land was used as the State Agricultural Fair Grounds in the mid-19th century.

Originally developed by Arab farmers in the mid-19th century, it takes its name from the city of Jaffa where it was first produced for export.

Originally established by Elijah Pepper, the distillery was passed on to his son and was known as the Oscar Pepper Distillery when Dr. James Crow worked there in the mid-19th century.

Originally named Greenland Mountain, in the mid-19th century the mountain was renamed.

Originally this idea arose after disagreements between local landowners and migrants from Sydney in the mid-19th century.

Originally residing in what is now South Africa, they were displaced by the Zulu expansion under Shaka and migrated north through Botswana to Barotseland in the mid-19th century.

Originally exercised by a single person, the office of Lord High Admiral was from the 18th century onward almost invariably put " in commission " and exercised by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, who sat on the Board of Admiralty.

Originally intended as a patent medicine when it was invented in the late 19th century by John Pemberton, Coca-Cola was bought out by businessman Asa Griggs Candler, whose marketing tactics led Coke to its dominance of the world soft-drink market throughout the 20th century.

Originally simply a list of kings with reign lengths, the other details contained in the Poppleton Manuscript version were added from the tenth century onwards.

Originally from the city of Kozhikode, Kerala, India ( known by Europeans as Calicut in the 11th century ).

Originally ælf / elf and its plural ælfe were the masculine forms, while the corresponding feminine form ( first found in eighth century glosses ) was ælfen or elfen ( with a possible feminine plural-ælfa, found in dunælfa ) which became the Middle English elven, using the feminine suffix-en from the earlier-inn which derives from the Proto-Germanic *- innja ).

Originally developed by IBM at their campus in south San Jose, California in the 1950s for scientific and engineering applications, Fortran came to dominate this area of programming early on and has been in continual use for over half a century in computationally intensive areas such as numerical weather prediction, finite element analysis, computational fluid dynamics, computational physics and computational chemistry.

Originally used on gut-strung instruments, the strength of the system allowed the guitar to withstand the additional tension of steel strings when this fortunate combination arose in the early 20th century.

Originally, " galvanization " was the administration of electric shocks ( in the 19th century also termed Faradism, after Michael Faraday ).

Originally oriented to clerical and legal training, after the religious and political upheavals of the 17th century they recovered with a lecture-based curriculum that was able to embrace economics and science, offering a high quality liberal education to the sons of the nobility and gentry.

Originally the word was a colloquial name for a group of the harmless buriers of the dead during the Black Death, in the 14th century, known as Alexians, Alexian Brothers or Cellites.

Originally, they were not otherwise distinguished, as regnal numbering was not applied to popes until the 10th century.

Originally a Viking weapon, it was adopted by the Anglo-Saxons and Normans in the 11th century, spreading through Europe in the 12th and 13th centuries.

Originally suggested in the 19th century, the hypothesis enjoyed wide acceptance among linguists into the mid 20th century.

Originally a product available to only the Italian upper classes, a cheaper form of balsamic vinegar became widely known and available around the world in the late 20th century.

Originally they were subdivisions of the royal administration, but from the 13th century A. D. they became self-governments of the nobles and kept this character until the 19th century when in turn they became modern local governments.

Originally the church of Sassanid Persia, the Church of the East declared itself independent of other churches in 424 and over the next century became affiliated with Nestorianism, a Christological doctrine advanced by Nestorius, Patriarch of Constantinople from 428 to 431, which had been declared heretical in the Roman Empire.

Originally the agate carving industry around Idar and Oberstein was driven by local deposits that were mined in the 15th century.

Originally an eastern county of the kingdom of León, in the 11th century Castile became an independent realm with its capital at Burgos and later Valladolid.

Originally the duchy was called Sønderjylland ( Southern Jutland ) but in the late 14th century the name of the city Slesvig ( now Schleswig ) started to be used for the whole territory.

Originally a Brythonic settlement called * Durou ̯ ernon ( composed of the ancient British roots * duro-" stronghold ", * u ̯ erno-" alder tree "), it was renamed Durovernum Cantiacorum by the Roman conquerors in the 1st century AD.

Originally, buccaneer crews were larger, more apt to attack coastal cities, and more localized to the Caribbean than later pirate crews who sailed to the Indian Ocean on the Pirate Round in the late 17th century.

Originally called the " Hanover rat " by people wishing to link problems in 18th century England with the House of Hanover, it is not known for certain why the brown rat is named Rattus norvegicus ( Norwegian rat ), as it did not originate from Norway.