Other ideas are behind the German expressions formelles Recht ( or Prozeßrecht ) and materielles Recht as well as the French droit formel / droit matériel, the Italian diritto formale / diritto material and the Swedish formell rätt / materiell rätt ; all of which, taken literally, means " formal " and " material " law.

Other linguists ( e. g. Gerald Gazdar ) take a more Platonistic view, since they regard syntax to be the study of an abstract formal system.

Other forms of semantics include the semantics of programming languages, formal logics, and semiotics.

* Other formal methods ( and languages using formal specifications ):

Other aspects of the voice, such as variations in the regularity of vibration, are also used for communication, and are important for the trained voice user to master, but are more rarely used in the formal phonetic code of a spoken language.

Other formalists, such as Rudolf Carnap, Alfred Tarski and Haskell Curry, considered mathematics to be the investigation of formal axiom systems.

Other languages may use other conventions ; for example, Italian writes the nickname after the full name followed by detto ' called ' ( e. g., Salvatore Schillaci detto Totò ), in Spanish the nickname is written in formal contexts at the end in quotes following alias ( e. g. Alfonso Tostado, alias « el Abulense »), and Slovenian represents nicknames after a dash or hyphen ( e. g., Franc Rozman – Stane ).

Other approaches to providing a formal semantics of programming languages include axiomatic semantics and operational semantics.

Other countries, such as the United States and the United Kingdom, have no formal diplomatic relations with Bhutan, but maintain informal contact through their respective embassies in New Delhi and Bhutanese honorary consulates in London and Washington, D. C.

Other duties may be attributed by formal law ( Subarticle 3 ).

Other archaic shrines to the northwest, such as the Umbilicus Urbis and the Vulcanal ( Shrine of Vulcan ), developed into the Republic's formal Comitium ( assembly area ).

Other venues could include the Temple of Fides or the Temple of Concord, or, if the meeting was outside of the formal boundary of the city, at the Temple of Apollo or ( if a war meeting ) at the Temple of Bellona.

Other ways of dealing with the risk and expense associated with all of the new trade activity include insurance and joint stock companies which were created as formal institutions.

Other arguments in support of land reform point to the need to alleviate conflicting land laws, particularly in former colonies, where formal and informal land systems may exist in tension with each other.

Other extensions left unfinished at that time, such as the BIND method, have been finished by their individual authors, independent of the formal working group.

Other nations had their own rating systems, notably the French Navy with its system of five formal rates or rangs.

Other than in the Royal Court Young Peoples Theatre, she had had no formal training, but you would never have guessed it.

Other scholars view them not as phonetic categories but formal devices exploiting distributional patterns in the Qieyun to achieve a compact presentation.

Other queens, empresses and princesses regularly wear tiaras at formal evening occasions.

In 1917 the synods voted to turn their federation into a formal union, known as the Evangelical Lutheran Joint Synod of Wisconsin and Other States.

Other approaches to providing a formal semantics of programming languages include axiomatic semantics and denotational semantics.

Other companies never use them in official or formal communications, but widely disseminate project code names through informal channels ( often in an attempt to create a marketing " buzz " for the project ).

Other firsts include the first Board of Trustees meeting held in 1879 ; the first formal commencement held in 1883 for two graduates ( William Beebe Middleton and Walter Howard Wiley ); the first international student graduated in 1889 ; and the first female student graduated in 1898.

Other churches, such as Churches of Christ or the Plymouth Brethren reject formal ties with other churches within the movement.

Other forms of agate include Lake Superior agate, carnelian agate ( exhibiting reddish hues ), Botswana agate, blue lace agate, plume agates, moss agate, tube agate ( with visible flow channels or pinhole-sized ' tubes '), fortification agate ( which exhibit little or no banding structure ), fire agate ( which has internal flash or ' fire ', the result of a layer of clear agate over a layer of hydrothermally-deposited hematite ), Mexican crazy-lace agate, which often exhibits a brightly colored, complexly banded pattern ( also called Rodeo Agate and Rosetta Stone depending on who owned the mine at the time ).

Other arthritis forms are rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and related autoimmune diseases.

Other forms of misuse include failure to take the entire prescribed course of the antibacterial, incorrect dosage and administration, or failure to rest for sufficient recovery.

Other common forms of baptism now in use include pouring water three times on the forehead.

Other forms may include a radial structure, in which main roads converge on a central point.

Other contemporary forms of utilitarianism mirror the forms of consequentialism outlined below.

Other forms of continuity do exist but they are not discussed in this article.

Other adaptations include warning coloration, non-concealing forms of mimicry ( as when a harmless hoverfly resembles a stinging wasp ), the use of bright colours in sexual selection, and the use of pigment in the skin to protect against sunburn.

Other early forms include " chipmuck " and " chipminck ," and in the 1830s they were also referred to as " chip squirrels ," probably in reference to the sound they make.

Other forms of communication, such as visual cues or spoken cues, are often considered to spoil the dance, unless used in specific circumstances, e. g., practicing figures, or figures which are purposely danced without physical connection.

Other names and forms for this are paper townsites, fictitious entries, and copyright easter eggs.

Other critics and medical experts have suggested that Dianetic auditing is a form of hypnosis, although the Church of Scientology has strongly denied that hypnosis forms any part of Dianetics.

Other forms of potential energy include compressed gases ( such as pneumatic motors ), springs ( clockwork motors ) and elastic bands.

Other later Germanic forms include Middle English, Old Frisian ( adjective and noun ), Old Saxon, Old High German, and evil Gothic.

Other variants of East Coast Swing that use altered footwork forms are known as Single Swing or " Single-step Swing " ( where the triple step is replaced by a single step forming a slow, slow, quick, quick rhythm common to Foxtrot ), and Double Swing ( using a tap-step footwork pattern ).

Other forms of traditional narrative verse relate the outcomes of battles and other tragedies or natural disasters.

Other forms of genetic engineering include gene targeting and knocking out specific genes via engineered nucleases such as zinc finger nucleases or engineered homing endonucleases.

Other forms involve directly correcting a mutation, or using DNA that encodes a therapeutic protein drug ( rather than a natural human gene ) to provide treatment.

Other forms of genetic engineering include gene targeting and knocking out specific genes via engineered nucleases such as zinc finger nucleases, engineered I-CreI homing endonucleases, or nucleases generated from TAL effectors.

Other forms of the word include groks ( present third person singular ), grokked ( past participle ) and grokking ( present participle ).

Other forms of improvisational theatre training and performance techniques are experimental and Avant-garde in nature and not necessarily intended to be comedic.

Other possible forms for an insurance company include reciprocals, in which policyholders reciprocate in sharing risks, and Lloyd's organizations.

Other forms of muscular dystrophy ( e. g. limb girdle ) must be considered as well.

Other factors, too, such as the traditional forms of land tenure, have varied in the different regions.