Before joining Pakistan's nuclear energy programme, Mahmood was trained at the Nuclear Engineering Division of the Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology ( PINSTECH ).

In his writings and speeches, Mahmood has advocated sharing Pakistan's nuclear weapons technology with other Islamic nations which he believed would give rise to Muslim dominance in the world.

Pakistan's Prime minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto vowed in June 1974 that he would never succumb to " nuclear blackmail " or accept " Indian hegemony or domination over the subcontinent ".< ref > The Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission Chairman Munir Ahmed Khan said that the test would force Pakistan to test its own nuclear bomb.

Pakistan's leading nuclear physicist, Pervez Hoodbhoy, stated in 2011 that he believes the test " pushed further into the nuclear arena ".

Pakistan's President Asif Ali Zardari said on November 22, 2008 that his country was ready to commit to no first use of nuclear weapons against India.

In 1978, President Daud Khan began to take initiatives for building the massive military after witnessing the India's nuclear test, Smiling Buddha, to counter Pakistan's armed forces and Iranian military influence in Afghanistan's politics.

With news of Pakistan planning to launch a nuclear attack in the face of a loss in the war with India, Pakistan's Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif was summoned to the US by Bill Clinton and warned against any such mis-adventure.

In July 2011, Abdul Qadeer Khan, the key figure in Pakistan's nuclear weapons development, allegedly claimed that North Korea had gained access to Pakistan's nuclear technology in the late 1990s by paying bribes to Pakistan's senior military officials, a claim Pakistan's senior officials disputed.

A study by Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at Harvard University titled " Securing the Bomb 2010 ," found that Pakistan's stockpile " faces a greater threat from Islamic extremists seeking nuclear weapons than any other nuclear stockpile on earth.

* Abdul Qadeer Khan ( 1936-), Pakistani metallurgist considered to be the father of Pakistan's nuclear weapons program.

In opposition to her conservative opponent Nawaz Sharif whose policy was to make the nuclear weapons programme benefit the economy, Benazir Bhutto took aggressive steps and decisions to modernize and expand the integrated atomic weapons programme founded and started by her father in 1972, was one of the key political administrative figures of Pakistan's nuclear deterrent development.

He built several infrastructure projects including canals, dams and power stations, began Pakistan's space programme and gave less priority to nuclear deterrence.

He also escalated Pakistan's nuclear programme, and instituted industrialisation and deregulation, helping Pakistan's economy become among the fastest-growing in South Asia.

His father, Dr. Mujaddid Ahmad Ijaz ( July 16, 1937 — July 14, 1992 ) was a Pakistani theoretical physicist and professor of physics at Virginia Tech University who was noted and known for his work with sub-atomic and hypothetical particles, and his early role in during Pakistan's early stages of nuclear energy programme.

The starting of the integrated space weapons programme was one of the major contributions that enhanced Pakistan's atomic bomb program as well.

To some observers and historians, Benazir is widely considered as " mother " of Pakistan's space programme, is widely given credit for given the authorization and nurturing the development of the Ghauri and Shaheen programme.

* Dr. Abdul Qadeer Khan, Pakistan's top scientist and founder of Pakistan's Gas-centrifuge programme of the Pakistan's nuclear device was also put under house arrest for a long time by General Pervez Musharraf.

* Project-706 ( with Chagai-I and Chagai-II ) — an early Pakistan's secret code name for developing the nuclear weapons programme during Cold war.

Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto was the founder of Pakistan's atomic bomb programme, and due to his administrative and aggressive leadership to lead this nuclear deterrence programme, Bhutto is often known as Father of Nuclear deterrence programme.

Mirza was an outspoken supporter of the " One Unit Programmme "— a programme of integrating the nations of West-Pakistan and East Pakistan's Bengali nation into one single nation.

The programme was noted for being coinciding with the anniversary of a change in Pakistan's constitution in 1974 that officially classified Ahmadis as " non-Muslims ".

* Zulfikar Ali Bhutto former PM and President of Pakistan, Founder of Pakistan's nuclear programme.

Radio Pakistan's Gilgit station broadcasts the Wakhi radio programme " Sadoyah Boom-e Dunyo " ( the Voice of the Roof of the World ).

Bhutto was the main architect of this programme and it was here that Bhutto orchestrated nuclear weapons programme and rallied Pakistan's academic scientists to build the atomic bomb for national survival.

In April 2011, IAEA's deputy director general Denis Flory declared Pakistan's nuclear programme safe and secure.

He was posthumously awarded Pakistan's highest military award Nishan-e-Haider ( Sign of the Lion ) for his act of bravery.

Rabbani was also the leader of Jamiat-e Islami Afghanistan ( Islamic Society of Afghanistan ), which has close ties to Pakistan's Jamaat-e-Islami.

East Pakistan's culture was influenced by the Communism in neighboring India.

By the mid-1960s, West Pakistan was benefiting from Ayub's " Decade of Progress ," with its successful " green revolution " in wheat, and from the expansion of markets for West Pakistani textiles, while the East Pakistan's standard of living remained at an abysmally low level.

The high flag rank officers, junior officers and many high command officers from the Pakistan's Armed Forces were highly cautious about their appointment in East-Pakistan, and the assignment of governing East Pakistan and appointment of an officer was considered highly difficult for the Pakistan High Military Command.

The program was a dramatic reversal of the traditional secularism of Pakistan's founding Muslim League and its leader Mohammad Ali Jinnah, but unlike neighboring Iran, Zia-ul-Haq's policies were intended to " avoid revolutionary excess ", and not to strain relations with his American and Persian Gulf state allies.

It was this capture of Mazar, the last major city in Afghanistan to fall to the Taliban, that prompted Pakistan's recognition of the Taliban regime.

Militias have played an important role supporting Pakistan's Military since Indo-Pakistani War of 1947 when Pakistan, with the support of militias, was able to gain control of the region which is now known as Azad Kashmir.

Adam Revo, Pakistan's first manufactured car, was developed to meet the needs of low income families.

Musharraf was the mastermind and strategic field commander behind the highly controversial and internationally condemned Kargil infiltration, which derailed peace negotiations with Pakistan's long standing archenemy India.

Sharif and Musharraf dispute on who was responsible for the Kargil conflict and Pakistan's withdrawal.

After the Pakistan's atomic tests, Mehmood became an outspoken opponent of the Prime minister Nawaz Sharif's government, as he was against signing of the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty by Pakistan.

Mahmood was arrested at his residence in Lahore in the middle of the night of 19 October 2001 by Pakistan's Federal Investigation Agency because of his suspected connections with the Taliban.

West Pakistan's economy boomed and at its highest peak it was called the " West Germany of East.

His objective was to prevent a war and safeguard Pakistan's interests, though he feared an Indian invasion of West Pakistan that would lead to Indian domination of the sub-continent and strengthen the position of the Soviet Union.

During the Soviet-Afghan War, the accommodation of Afghan refugees into Pakistan was controlled in Pakistan's largest province, Balochistan, under General Rahimuddin Khan, by making the refugees stay for controlled durations in barbed wire camps ( see Controlling Soviet-Afghan War Refugees ).

Mohyeddin was one of Pakistan's best-known actors, and launched a successful stage career in London after this film's success.

This operation was remarkably successful, and by 1977 the Afghan government of Mohammed Daoud Khan was willing to settle all outstanding issues in exchange for a lifting of the ban on the National Awami Party and a commitment towards provincial autonomy for Pashtuns, which was already guaranteed by Pakistan's Constitution, but stripped by the Bhutto government when the One Unit scheme was introduced.

Pakistan's secret service, Inter-Services Intelligence ( ISI ), was used as an intermediary for most of these activities to disguise the sources of support for the resistance.

He was asked by the Taliban to serve as their ambassador but he refused, telling friends that he felt Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence ( ISI ) was wrongly using them.