In order to support the canonical scientific views at the time, which explored the natural world within Paley's framework of a divine designer, The Earl of Bridgewater, a gentleman naturalist, commissioned eight Bridgewater Treatises upon his deathbed to explore " the Power, Wisdom, and Goodness of God, as manifested in the Creation.

After doing particularly well in his final exam questions on Paleys ' books, Darwin read Paley's Natural Theology which set out to refute David Hume's argument that the teleological argument for " design " by a Creator was merely a human projection onto the forces of nature.

" He noted how " The old argument of design in nature, as given by Paley, which formerly seemed to me so conclusive, fails, now that the law of natural selection has been discovered ", and how Paley's teleological argument had difficulties with the problem of evil.

He was convinced by Paley's Natural Theology which set out the Teleological argument that complexity of " design " in nature proved God's role as Creator, and by the views of Paley and John Herschel that creation was by laws which science could discover, not by intermittent miracles.

CBS was also hit, though not as severely: Paley's brilliant 1928 affiliate contract which had given CBS first claim on local stations ' air during sponsored time — the network option — came under attack as being restrictive to local programming.

In Britain, William Paley's Natural Theology saw adaptation as evidence of beneficial " design " by the Creator acting through natural laws.

Thus, Paley's use of the watch ( and other mechanical objects like it ) continued a long and fruitful tradition of analogical reasoning that was well received by those who read Natural Theology when it was published in 1802.

Today, Paley's name evokes both reverence and revulsion and his work is cited accordingly by authors seeking to frame the history of human thought.

In the fall of 1934, CBS launched its independent news division, shaped in its first years by Paley's vice-president, former The New York Times man Ed Klauber, and news director Paul White.

Noble was being approached by other suitors, including Bill Paley's CBS, so he was not in a hurry to accommodate Goldenson.

( Milin later showed that 14 can be replaced by 1. 14., and Hayman showed that the numbers b < sub > k </ sub > have a limit less than 1 if φ is not a Koebe function, so Littlewood and Paley's conjecture is true for all but a finite number of coefficients of any function.

) A weaker form of Littlewood and Paley's conjecture was found by.

In 1995, five years after Paley's death, CBS was bought by Westinghouse Electric Corporation and, in 1999, by Viacom, which itself was once a subsidiary of CBS.

Encouraged by Paley's avid interest in modern art and his outstanding collection, Paley became a trustee of the Rockefeller family's Museum of Modern Art in the 1930s and, in 1962, was tapped by then-chairman David Rockefeller to be its president.

The smallest order that cannot be constructed by a combination of Sylvester's and Paley's methods is 92.

He later wrote " I do not think I hardly ever admired a book more than Paley's Natural Theology: I could almost formerly have said it by heart.

At Cambridge, he was convinced by William Paley's writings of design by a Creator, but, on the Beagle expedition, his findings contradicted Paley's beneficent view.

* Excerpt from William Paley's 1802 book Natural Theology

In the first year of Paley's watch, CBS's gross earnings more than tripled, going from $ 1, 400, 000 to $ 4, 700, 000.

Paley's recognition of how to harness the potential reach of broadcasting was the key to his growing CBS from a tiny chain of stations into what was eventually one of the world's dominant communication empires.

This collection of seventeen stories features several recurring characters from Little Disturbances of Man ( most notably the narrator " Faith ," but also including Johnny Raferty and his mother ), while continuing Paley's exploration of racial, gender, and class issues.

Debates over the applicability of teleology to scientific questions came to a head in the nineteenth century, as Paley's argument about design came into conflict with radical new theories on the transmutation of species.

Further works include editions with notes of Paley's Moral Philosophy ( 1852 ); Education as a Science ( 1879 ); Dissertations on leading philosophical topics ( 1903, mainly reprints of papers in Mind ); he collaborated with JS Mill and Grote in editing James Mill's Analysis of the Phenomena of the Human Mind ( 1869 ), and assisted in editing Grote's Aristotle and Minor Works ; he also wrote a memoir prefixed to G Croom Robertson's Philosophical Remains ( 1894 ).

Brougham also edited, in collaboration with Sir Charles Bell, William Paley's Natural Theology and published a work on political philosophy and in 1838 he published an edition of his speeches in four volumes.

Together with John Law, Bishop of Elphin, he drafted the chapter on " Astronomy " in William Paley's Natural Theology.

Gisbourne's Principles of Moral Philosophy ( 1789 ) was a forceful evangelical attack on William Paley's Principles of Moral and Political Philosophy ( 1785 ), an influential work studied at both Cambridge and Oxford Universities, arguing morality as a categorical imperative against Paley's utilitarian standpoint.

By the 1820s and 1830s, well-known liberals like Thomas Wakley and other radical editors of The Lancet were using Paley's aging examples to attack the establishment's control over medical and scientific education in Durham, London, Oxford and Cambridge.

Chapter XV of Paley's Natural Theology discusses at length what he called " relations " of parts of living things as an indication of their design.

Searing criticisms of arguments like Paley's are found in David Hume's posthumous Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion.

As a theology student, Charles Darwin found Paley's arguments compelling.

Intelligent design advocate Michael Behe proposed a development of Paley's watch analogy in which he argued in favour of intelligent design.

Paley's famous, and controversial, fable of the pigeons, which has a strong criticism of the system of property ownership and of the draconian means used to defend it-the Bloody Code-is found in Book III of Principles.

Some have said this book was the most original of Paley's works.

During the remainder of Paley's life his time was divided between Bishopwearmouth and Lincoln, during which time he wrote Natural Theology, despite his increasingly debilitating illness.

Paley's Principles of Moral and Political Philosophy was one of the most influential philosophical texts in late Enlightenment Britain.

" Paley's argument is built mainly around anatomy and natural history.

Hume's examples ring true with many 21st century readers, and they appealed to some of Paley's 18th-century contemporaries as well.

Scientific norms have changed greatly since Paley's day, and are inclined to do less than justice to his arguments and ways of reasoning.

Paley's views influenced ( both positively and negatively ) theologians, philosophers and scientists, then and since.

It is for such reasons that Paley's writings, Natural Theology included, stand as a notable body of work in the canon of Western thought.

* Eddy, Matthew D., ' The Science and Rhetoric of Paley's Natural Theology ', Literature and Theology, 18 ( 2004 ), 1-22.

' Publishing and the classics: Paley's Natural Theology and the nineteenth-century scientific canon ', Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science, 33 ( 2002 ), 433-55.

William Paley's Abortive Reform of Natural Theology ', Isis, 81 ( 1990 ), 214-229.

Under Paley's guidance, CBS would first become one of the largest radio networks in the United States and then one of the big three American broadcast television networks.

Much of the increase was a result of Paley's second upgrade to the CBS business plan — improved affiliate relations.