Its origins are traced back to the eight-hour working day movement that arose in the newly founded Wellington colony in 1840, primarily because of carpenter Samuel Parnell's refusal to work more than eight hours a day.

Parnell's movement proved to be a broad church, from conservative landowners to the Land League which was campaigning for fundamental reform of Irish landholding, where most farms were held on rental from large aristocratic estates.

Parnell's movement campaigned for ' Home Rule ', by which they meant that Ireland would govern itself as a region within the United Kingdom, in contrast to O ' Connell who wanted complete independence subject to a shared monarch and Crown.

The 35-volume commission report published in February 1890, did not however clear Parnell's movement of criminal involvement.

As the Irish nationalist movement recovered in the 1890s from the division caused by Parnell's relationship with Mrs O ' Shea, it embraced Gaelic games and a growing Irish language revival movement, which were often encouraged by the Catholic Church for the good of its parishioners, but which also alienated Irish Protestants.

Parnell's movement proved to be a broad one, from conservative landowners to the Land League.

Parnell's own newspaper, the United Ireland, attacked the Land Act and he was arrested on 13 October 1881 together with his party lieutenants, William O ' Brien, John Dillon, Michael Davitt and Willie Redmond, who had also conducted a bitter verbal offensive.

However, Parnell's policy of allying his party to Gladstone's Liberal Party in 1886 to enable Home Rule was also ultimately defeated by the murders.

Parnell's enemies, in order to damage him personally, called her " Kitty O ' Shea " because at that time " kitty ", as well as being an Hiberno-English version of Catherine / Katherine / Katharine, was also a slang term for a prostitute.

Parnell's son Tim, also a racing driver, took over the team management and developed a strong working relationship with BRM during the late 1960s.

In 1957 he wrote and appeared in an edition of Val Parnell's Saturday Spectacular, the first of two shows in this series that he wrote for Peter Sellers.

Initially a passionate supporter of Parnell, he became disenchanted with his leader after the first clash occurred in 1886 when Healy opposed Parnell's party nomination of Captain William O ’ Shea to stand for Galway City.

Parnell's grandfather William Parnell ( 1780 – 1821 ), who inherited the Avondale Estate in 1795, was a liberal Irish MP for Wicklow from 1817 – 1820.

Parnell's leadership was first put to the test in February 1886 when he forced the candidature of Captain William O ' Shea, who had negotiated the Kilmainham Treaty, for a Galway seat by-election.

This was taking a great risk with his health, for Parnell was suffering from a serious kidney disease. Parnell's grave in the predominantly Catholic Church | Catholic Glasnevin Cemetery in Dublin, alongside Éamon de Valera, Michael Collins ( Irish leader ) | Michael Collins and Daniel O ' Connell.

Works using this technique for which he became well known included the engravings for Oliver Goldsmith's Traveller and Deserted Village, for Thomas Parnell's Hermit, for William Somervile's Chase.

It is only Parnell's third win against two losses and is the sixth straight loss for second-place Chicago.

Detractors quoted Charles Stewart Parnell's Cincinnati speech in which he claimed to be collecting money for " bread and lead ".

Coinciding as it did with the extension of the franchise in British politics — and with it the opportunity for most Irish Catholics to vote — Parnell's party quickly became an important player in British politics.

O ' Connor was elected Member of Parliament for Galway Borough in the 1880 general election, as a representative of Charles Stewart Parnell's Home Rule League.

Refitted with a Zoller supercharger and driven by Johnson, GP2 tied with Parnell's Maserati 4CLT for fastest lap in the 1948 British Empire Trophy and finished fifth.

* Daniel, a student from Jimmy Fallon's " Jarrett's Room " sketch who lived in the dorm next to Jarret and Gobi and always falls for their bogus tricks to get girls ( because of Parnell's short-lived termination, Parnell's Daniel was replaced by Jeff Richards's character, Jeff, a jock whose gross habits are always caught on Jarret's webcam )

In 1889, the scandal surrounding Parnell's divorce proceedings split the Irish party, when it became public that Parnell, popularly acclaimed as the ' Uncrowned King of Ireland ', had for many years been living in a family relationship with Mrs. Katharine O ' Shea, the long separated wife of a fellow MP.

I am the stuff of Riordan Parnell's most outrageous songs, and I am a confused memory for those whose lives I ´ ve entered and departed.

Furthermore, Chris Parnell's costume ( for portraying Bloom ) closely resembled Roeser's actual appearance at the relevant time, as did the costume worn by Chris Kattan, who was intended to portray Roeser in the skit.

Since his Broadway debut in " Yentl " Shea has continued to work in Off-Broadway and Broadway theatre productions, starring in Arthur Kopit's End of the World with Linda Hunt, directed by Hal Prince, Paula Vogel's How I Learned to Drive with Molly Ringwold, Anne Meara's Down the Garden Paths with Eli Wallach and Anne Jackson, Eugene O ' Neill's Long Day's Journey Into Night ( Joseph Jefferson Award nom., Best Actor ), the original production of A. R. Gurney's The Dining Room, Peter Parnell's The Sorrows of Stephen, Bulgakov's The Master and Margarita, Poliakoff's American Days, for which he received a " Best Actor " nomination from the Drama Desk Awards, Romeo and Juliet, Philip Barry's The Animal Kingdom with Sigourney Weaver, Nancy Hasty's The Director, directed by Evan Bergman, and Israel Horowitz's The Secret of Madame Bonnard's Bath in 2007.

Andrew Kettle, Parnell's right hand man, who shared a lot of his opinions, wrote of his own views, " I confess that I felt 1885, and still feel, a greater leaning towards the British Tory party than I ever could have towards the so-called Liberals.

During Parnell's highly successful tour, he had an audience with American President Rutherford B. Hayes, on 2 February 1880 he addressed the House of Representatives on the state of Ireland and spoke in 62 cities including in Canada, where he was so well received in Toronto that Healy dubbed him " the uncrowned king of Ireland ".

The Catholic Church hierarchy in Ireland was largely silent, some bishops explicitly declaring the issue to be purely political, though divorce is forbidden under Catholic doctrine and most of Parnell's supporters were members of the Catholic Church.

" Some significance can be given to Parnell's penultimate words when lying on his deathbed, he invoked not Mother Ireland, but rather ' the Conservative party '.

Parnell's reputation increased in Ireland, being seen as a more moderate reformer who would never excuse such tactics.

The 1880 general election in Ireland marked the beginning both of the dominance of the Irish Parliamentary Party in Irish politics and of Charles Stewart Parnell's dominance within the Party.

: In the eve of a former Havenite admiral, Amos Parnell's arrival to Old Earth to testify against the excesses and crimes of the Havenite regime, Helen Zilwicki, daughter of Captain Anton Zilwicki of the Royal Manticoran Navy, finds herself in the midst of an underground fight between StateSec agents, anti-slavery terrorists, mercenaries and an unscrupulous supercorporation centered on the rogue planet of Mesa, " Manpower Incorporated ".

On each occasion, Parnell's demands were entirely within the accepted parameters of Liberal thinking, Gladstone noting that he was one of the best people he had known to deal with, a remarkable transition from an inmate at Kilmainham to an intimate at Hawarden in just over seven years.

Allen returned to the United Kingdom in 1964 and made a variety of appearances on ITV, including The Blackpool Show, Val Parnell's Sunday Night at the London Palladium and on the BBC on The Val Doonican Show.

A divorce decree was granted on 17 November 1890 and Parnell's two children were placed in O ' Shea's custody ( his first child having died when he was in Kilmainham Gaol ).

Ultimately the O ' Shea divorce issue and Parnell's premature death changed the shape of late 19th century politics, to an extent that can be but speculated.

With the split in the Irish Parliamentary Party over Parnell's relationship with Katherine O ' Shea, its readership split too.

When the Irish Parliamentary Party split over Parnell's long-standing family relationship with Katharine O ' Shea, the previously separated wife of a fellow MP, whom he later married, Redmond stood by his deposed leader in the dispute.

By 1891 he had become disillusioned with Parnell's political leadership, although emotionally loyal to him he tried to persuade him to retire after the O ' Shea divorce case.

This led to Parnell's being deserted by a majority of his own Irish Parliamentary Party and to his downfall as its leader in December 1890 following Katharine's November divorce proceedings from Captain O ' Shea, in which Parnell was named as co-respondent.

A supporter of Parnell, Joyce was crushed by what he saw as Parnell's betrayal and death following the revelation of his adultery with Kitty O ' Shea.

Following the scandal that erupted over Parnell's relationship with Kitty O ' Shea, the separated wife of fellow MP Captain Willie O ' Shea, Archbishop Croke withdrew from active participation in nationalist politics.