Bible scholar Raymond E. Brown asserts that about 80 % of critical scholarship judges that Paul did not write Ephesians, while Perrin and Duling say that of six authoritative scholarly references, " four of the six decide for pseudonymity, and the other two ( PCB and JBC ) recognize the difficulties in maintaining Pauline authorship.

There are four main theories in Biblical scholarship that address the question of Pauline authorship.

For a thorough defense of the Pauline authorship of Ephesians, see Ephesians: An Exegetical Commentary by Harold Hoehner, pp 2 – 61.

In his introduction, Blevins writes, " Since the time of F. C. Baur, very few scholars have doubted the Pauline authorship of the letter.

" No scholar really questions Pauline authorship of Philippians.

Defenders of Pauline authorship cite the work's similarities to Philemon, which is broadly accepted as authentic.

Those who are advocates of Pauline authorship defend the differences that there are between elements in this letter and those commonly considered the genuine work of Paul ( e. g. 1 Thessalonians ).

Advocates of Pauline authorship also point out that the differences between Colossians and the rest of the New Testament is not as great as it is purported to be.

1 Thessalonians matches other accepted Pauline letters, both in style and in content, and its authorship is also affirmed by 2 Thessalonians.

There is near consensus among historians and Christian theologians that Paul is the author of the First Epistle to the Corinthians, typically classifying its authorship as " undisputed " ( see Authorship of the Pauline Epistles ).

Many scholars also doubt Petrine authorship because they are convinced that 1 Peter is dependent on the Pauline epistles and that is was written after Paul ’ s ministry because it shares many of the same motifs espoused in Ephesians, Colossians, and the Pastoral Epistles.

The letter refers to the Pauline epistles and so must post-date them, regardless of authorship, thus a date before 60 is not probable.

In the particular case of the Pastoral Epistles, all of these variables are quite different from those in the rest of the Pauline corpus, and hapax legomena are no longer widely accepted as strong indicators of authorship ( although the authorship of the Pastorals is subject to debate on other grounds ).

While the authorship of a number of the Pauline epistles is largely undisputed, there is no scholarly consensus on the authors of the other books of the New Testament, which most modern scholars acknowledge as pseudonymous autographs written more than a generation after the events they describe.

He revived previous doubts as to the direct Pauline origin of the Epistle to the Hebrews, called in question Peter's authorship of the first epistle, and referred the second epistle to the end of the 2nd century.

He regarded many books of the Old Testament as spurious, questioned the genuineness of the First and Second letters of Peter and the Epistle of Jude, denied the Pauline authorship of the First and Second letters to Timothy and to Titus.

The Pauline epistles, Epistles of Paul, or Letters of Paul, are the thirteen New Testament books which have the name Paul ( Παῦλος ) as the first word, hence claiming authorship by Paul the Apostle.

The division of authorship between the two writers was first delineated by Pauline Wiggin in 1897, and is widely accepted.

In this view, linguistic differences are to be expected, if one is to assert Pauline authorship to them.

Harrison's " The Problem of the Pastoral Epistle " was the first attempt to disprove Pauline authorship via counting hapax legomena or other vocabulary measures.

Their argument for Paul being a gnostic is based on arguments about the authorship of the Pauline Epistles.

The genuineness of Pauline authorship was accepted by Church orthodoxy as early as c. 180 AD, as evidenced by the surviving testimony of Irenaeus and the author of the Muratorian fragment.

Modern scholars who support Pauline authorship nevertheless stress their importance regarding the question of authenticity: I. H.

In The Agatha Christie Hour, she was portrayed by British actress Angela Easterling, while in Agatha Christie's Poirot, she was portrayed by Pauline Moran.

Titus was an early Christian leader, a companion of Saint Paul, mentioned in several of the Pauline epistles.

The film was admired by Jean-Luc Godard, who featured a clip in his mammoth Histoire ( s ) du cinéma, and Pauline Kael who championed both The Fury and De Palma.

Charles Hardin Holley was born on September 7, 1936, in Lubbock, Texas, to Lawrence Odell and Ella Pauline ( Drake ) Holley.

Guest was born in New York City, the son of Peter Haden-Guest, a British United Nations diplomat who later became The 4th Baron Haden-Guest, and his second wife, Jean Pauline Hindes, a former vice president of casting at CBS.

The form, as opposed to the earlier letters of Paul, suggests that the author knew Paul's Epistle to the Ephesians or even that the Pauline epistles had already been collected and were circulating when the text was written.

Many scholars now believe that the author was one of Paul's pupils or associates, citing stylistic differences between Hebrews and the other Pauline epistles.

Tertullian ( c. a. d. 160 – 225 ) wrote that when it was discovered that a church elder had composed a pseudonymous work, The Acts of Paul ( which included a purported Pauline letter, 3 Corinthians ), the offending elder “ was removed from his office ” ( On Baptism 17 ).

While largely left out of the thrust for increasing rights of citizens, as the question was left indeterminate in the Declaration of the Rights of Man, activists such as Pauline Léon and Théroigne de Méricourt agitated for full citizenship for women.

Lang was born in Vienna as the second son of Anton Lang ( 1860 – 1940 ), an architect and construction company manager, and his wife Pauline " Paula " Lang née Schlesinger ( 1864 – 1920 ).

The book was originally illustrated by Pauline Baynes.

Although several reviews were critical of the film – Pauline Kael said it " staggers along " and Stanley Kauffmann thought Cukor's direction was like " a rich gravy poured over everything, not remotely as delicately rich as in the Asquith-Howard 1937 Pygmalion " — the film was a box office hit which won him the Academy Award for Best Director, the Golden Globe Award for Best Director, and the Directors Guild of America Award after having been nominated for each several times.

Other scholars, drawing upon distinctions between Jewish Christians, Pauline Christianity, and other groups such as and Marcionites, argue that early Christianity was always fragmented, with contemporaneous competing beliefs.

On November 30, 1860, Agassiz's daughter Pauline was married to Quincy Adams Shaw ( 1825 – 1908 ), a wealthy Boston merchant and later benefactor to the Boston Museum of Fine Arts.

While he does exclude himself from those who were eyewitnesses to Jesus ' ministry, he repeatedly uses the word " we " in describing the Pauline missions in Acts of the Apostles, indicating that he was personally there at those times.

Pauline Kael was among the most enthusiastic critics: she called it " a true original, and a triumph of personal filmmaking " and " dizzyingly sensual ".

In Durham, there was Penetration, with lead singer Pauline Murray.

Pope Innocent V was the author of several works of philosophy, theology, and canon law, including commentaries on the Pauline epistles and on the Sentences of Peter Lombard.

The repeal movement was started by a wealthy Republican, Pauline Sabin, who said that prohibition should be repealed because it made the US a nation of hypocrites and undermined its respect for the rule of law.

" Pauline Kael, he notes, was willing to acknowledge this critical ennui and thus appreciate how a film such as Akira Kurosawa's Yojimbo ( 1961 ) " could exploit Western conventions while debunking its morality.