With threats of an armed uprising against the Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss ( he was assassinated by Nazis the following year ) and the killing of over 1, 000 civilians by troops, Philby's British passport became still more valuable.

During 1942 – 43 Philby's responsibilities were expanded to include North Africa and Italy, and he was made the deputy head of Section V under Major Felix Cowgill, an army officer seconded to SIS.

" A leading figure within the CIA was Philby's wary former colleague, James Jesus Angleton, with whom he once again found himself working closely.

Meanwhile, the investigation into the British Embassy leak was still ongoing, and the stress of it was exacerbated by the arrival in Washington, in October 1950, of Guy Burgess – Philby's unstable, dangerously alcoholic, and flamboyantly homosexual Cambridge colleague and fellow Soviet spy.

The " affair of the missing diplomats ," as it was referred to before Burgess and Maclean surfaced in Moscow, attracted a great deal of public attention, and Burgess ' disappearance, which identified him as complicit in Maclean's espionage, deeply compromised Philby's position.

Nicholas Elliott, an MI6 officer recently stationed in Beirut who had previously believed in Philby's innocence, was tasked with attempting to secure Philby's full confession.

It was not until 1 July 1963 that Philby's flight to Moscow was officially confirmed.

Although Philby's damage was mitigated for several years by his transfer as Head of Station in Turkey, he later returned and was the SIS intelligence liaison officer at the Embassy in Washington D. C.

Kim Philby's recruiter A. Deutsch was also the spymaster of Gestapo officer Willi Lehmann, who on June 19 cabled the Barbarossa launch date to NKVD in Moscow.

She was Harry St. John Philby's field controller, and taught him the finer arts of behind-the-scenes political manoeuvering.

However, Philby's primary loyalty was to the Saudi King and, although he was being paid by SoCal, he kept the arrangement a secret from Longrigg.

Meanwhile, at Cambridge, Philby's son, Kim, was being recruited by the OGPU of the Soviet Union.

Later Cairncross would suggest that he was unaware of Philby's connections with the Russians.

Philby's father, St. John Philby, was a noted Arabist whose book The Empty Quarter ( on the Rub ' al Khali ) was extensively used as source material for the novel.

Thanks to British counter-intelligence efforts, of which Philby's Iberian subsection formed a significant part, the project ( code-named Bodden ) never came to fruition.

But the resident in France, probably Pierre at this time, suggested to Moscow that he suspected Philby's motives.

Upon Philby's graduation, Maurice Dobb – a fellow of King's College, Cambridge, and tutor in economics – introduced him to the World Federation for the Relief of the Victims of German Fascism in Paris.

* The Tim Powers novel Declare ( 2001 ) is partly based on unexplained aspects of Philby's life, providing a supernatural context for his behaviour.

* Philby, Burgess and MacLean – Spy Scandal of the Century, a BBC drama produced for TV in 1977, covers the period of the late 1940s, when British intelligence investigated Kim Philby's colleague Donald Maclean until 1955 when the British government cleared Philby because it did not have enough evidence to convict him.

* Graham Greene, Kim Philby's close friend, wrote the screenplay for The Third Man using Philby as a model for Harry Lime, one of the characters.

Shortly after Philby's resignation, Ibn Saud began to call for the overthrow of the Hashemite dynasty.

After Philby's flight to Moscow, Martin reopened the files to hunt for the Fourth and Fifth Men.

A month later Weizmann, in a letter to Sumner Welles wrote: " It is conceived on big lines, large enough to satisfy the legitimate aspirations of both Arabs and Jews, and the strategic and economic interests of the United States ;... properly managed, Mr. Philby's scheme offers an approach which should not be abandoned ".

Alexander Orlov ( born Leiba Feldbin ; code-name Swede ), Philby's controller in Madrid, who had once met him in Perpignan, France, with the bulge of an automatic rifle clearly showing through his raincoat, also defected.

Philby's role as an instructor of sabotage agents again brought him to the attention of the OGPU.

Philby's role might have compromised his position.

However, a more serious threat to Philby's position had come to light.

Even after Philby's departure from MI6, speculation regarding his possible Soviet affiliations continued.

Following Aileen Philby's death in England in 1957, and Eleanor's subsequent divorce from Brewer, Philby and Eleanor were married in London in 1959, and set up house together in Beirut.

From 1960, Philby's formerly marginal work as a journalist became more substantial, and he frequently travelled throughout the Middle East, including Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait, and Yemen.

" Golitsyn proceeded to confirm White's suspicions about Philby's role.

* The 1984 Frederick Forsyth novel The Fourth Protocol features an elderly Kim Philby's involvement in a plot to trigger a nuclear explosion in Britain.

* The 1993 Joseph Brodsky essay Collector's Item ( published in his 1995 book On Grief and Reason ) contains a conjectured description of Philby's career, as well as speculations into his motivations and general thoughts on espionage and politics.

* German author Barbara Honigmann's Ein Kapitel aus meinem Leben tells the history of Philby's first wife, Litzi, from the perspective of her daughter.

To consolidate what her Navy had won, the Czarina was fortunate that, for the first time in Russian history, her land forces enjoyed absolute unity of command under her favorite Giaour.

Some people thought he lacked both ability and character, but most agreed that he was noble in appearance and, for a Russian, humane.

England contributed a young subaltern named Newton and the naval architect Samuel Bentham, brother to the economist, who for his colonel's commission was proving a godsend to the Russian fleet.

It was probably at this period that Littlepage got his first good look at the ordinary Russian soldier.

There was, it seems to me, enough in the openly declared principles and intentions of Russian leaders to alienate honorable men without their having to wait to see how it would turn out.

The reason was to speed up domestic production in the USSR, which Khrushchev promised upon grabbing power, and try to end the permanent recession in Russian living standards.

His visit to Warsaw, Poland, after the Russian journey in the summer of 1959 was expected to win the Polish vote which, in several cities, is substantial.

The weekly loss is partly counterbalanced by 500 arrivals each week from West Germany, but the hard truth, says Crossman, is that `` The closing off of East Berlin without interference from the West and with the use only of East German, as distinct from Russian, troops was a major Communist victory, which dealt West Berlin a deadly, possibly a fatal, blow.

By late afternoon the train inched into the marshaling yards in the railhead at Lublin, which was filled with lines of cars poised to pour the tools of war to the Russian front.

Once the full extent of this Russian military penetration of Cuba was clear, President Kennedy announced we would take whatever action was appropriate to prevent this, even if we had to go it alone.

Nevertheless, Prokofieff was much influenced by Paris during the Twenties: the Paris which was the artistic center of the Western World -- the social Paris to which Russian aristocracy migrated -- the chic Paris which attracted the tourist dollars of rich America -- the avant-garde Paris of Diaghileff, Stravinsky, Koussevitzky, Cocteau, Picasso -- the laissez-faire Paris of Dadaism and ultramodern art -- the Paris sympathique which took young composers to her bosom with such quick and easy enthusiasms.

The savage barbarian hordes of red Russian Communism descended on the Athens that was mighty Metronome, sacking and despoiling with their Bolshevistic battle cry of `` Soak the rich '!!

She did not go so far as to say, as was done on other occasions, that Abstraction as well as Impressionism were a Russian invention that had been discarded as unwanted by the people of the U.S.S.R.

To everyone's astonishment he seemed no more like the run-of-the-mine Russian ambassador than George Babbitt was like Fyodor Pavlovitch Karamazov.

At the State Department, hard-bitten Russian experts complained that the Capitol was out of its wits.

Russian tanks and artillery parading through the streets of Havana, Russian intrigue in the Congo, and Russian arms drops in Laos ( using the same Ilyushin transports that were used to carry Communist agents to the Congo ) made it plain once more that the cold war was all of a piece in space and time.

Since Russian was being spoken instead of Spanish, there is no violation of artistry or logic here.

The second half of her program was devoted to Russian composers of this century.

The name " Alaska " ( Аляска ) was already introduced in the Russian colonial period, when it was used only for the peninsula and is derived from the Aleut alaxsxaq, meaning " the mainland " or, more literally, " the object towards which the action of the sea is directed ".

As a simple, cheap and reliable device, the Russian abacus was in use in all shops and markets throughout the former Soviet Union, and the usage of it was taught in most schools until the 1990s.