The emperor finally succeeded in concentrating his forces at Valenciennes, although John was out of the picture, and in the interval Philip Augustus had counter marched northward and regrouped.

Philip Augustus had then launched an appeal to the municipalities in northern France, in order to obtain their cooperation.

* The central battle was conducted by Philip Augustus and his chief knights-William des Barres, Bartholomew of Roye, Girard Girard said the Scophe Truie, William of Garland, Enguerrand III de Coucy and Gautier de Nemours.

In the aftermath of this battle, Philip Augustus founded between Senlis and the Bishop Mount, Abbey of Victoire-which will be integrated into the domain of the Bishop of Senlis in 1486.

This was in the medium and longer term of much greater significance to the royal house of France than it was to De Montfort — and with the battle of Bouvines was to secure the position of Philip Augustus vis a vis England and the Empire.

Some of the other famous guests who lived there include: Augustus St. Gaudens, Robert Louis Stevenson, Mark Twain, Hart Crane, Walt Whitman, Anaïs Nin, Thomas Wolfe, Robert Lowell, Horton Foote, Salvador Dalí, Philip Guston, Jackson Pollock, Andy Warhol, and many others.

** Philip II Augustus, 1180 – 1223

The reign of Philip II Augustus ( junior king 1179 – 1180, senior king 1180 – 1223 ) marked an important step in the history of French monarchy.

If Philip II Augustus supported Philip of Swabia, member of the House of Hohenstaufen, then Richard Lionheart supported Otto IV, member of the House of Welf.

Philip Augustus founded the Sorbonne and made Paris a city for scholars.

* 1204 – King Philip Augustus of France conquers Rouen.

* 1191 – Third Crusade: Saladin's garrison surrenders to Philip Augustus, ending the two-year siege of Acre.

King Richard I | Richard ( l ) and Philip Augustus | Philip II at Acre, Israel | Acre during the Third Crusade

( 2007 ) " The Revenues of King John and Philip Augustus Revisited ," in Church ( ed ) 2007.

( 1998 ) Philip Augustus, King of France 1180 – 1223.

( 2007 ) " Philip Augustus and King John: Personality and History ," in Church ( ed ) 2007.

The capture of the city led to the Third Crusade, launched in 1189 and led by Richard the Lionheart, Philip Augustus and Frederick Barbarossa, though the last drowned en route.

The conflict was decided by the Battle of Bouvines on 27 July 1214, which pitted Otto, allied to King John of England against Philip II Augustus.

Innocent called upon King Philip II Augustus of France to suppress the Albigenses.

Philip II Augustus (; 21 August 1165 – 14 July 1223 ) was the last King of the Franks from 1180 to 1190, and the first King of France from 1190 until his death.

A member of the House of Capet, Philip Augustus was born at Gonesse in the Val-d ' Oise, the son of Louis VII and his third wife, Adela of Champagne.

A 19th-century depiction of the Acre's surrender to Philip Augustus in 1191

* 1245 – Philip III of France ( d. 1285 )

* 1165 – Philip II of France ( d. 1223 )

In June 1196 Agnes married Philip II of France, who had repudiated his second wife Ingeborg of Denmark in 1193.

On the demotion of Pluto to the status of dwarf planet, Philip Zarka of the Paris Observatory in Meudon, France wondered how astrologers should respond:

On the expulsion of the Jews from France by Philip IV in 1306, Abba Mari settled at Perpignan, where he published the letters connected with the controversy.

The expulsion of the Jews from France by Philip IV (" the Fair "), in, caused the Jews of Montpellier to take refuge, partly in Provence, partly in Perpignan and partly in Majorca.

Others who were either killed or captured at the actual Battle were as follows: King Jean II ; Prince Philip ( youngest son and progenitor of the House of Valois-Burgundy ), Geoffroi de Charny, carrier of the Oriflamme, Peter I, Duke of Bourbon, Walter VI, Count of Brienne and Constable of France, Jean de Clermont, Marshal of France, Arnoul d ' Audrehem, the Count of Eu, the Count of Marche and Ponthieu Jacques de Bourbon taken prisoner at the Battle and died 1361, the Count of Étampes, the Count of Tancarville, the Count of Dammartin, the Count of Joinville, Guillaume de Melun, Archbishop of Sens.

In 1214, Ferdinand, Infante of Portugal, and Count of Flanders desired the return of the cities of Aire-sur-la-Lys and Saint-Omer, which he had recently lost to Philip II, King of France in the Treaty of Pont-à-Vendin.

The classic French historiography often refers to Coalition troops three times more numerous than those of the King of France ( Philip Contamine is not of this opinion: " In front, his opponents did not have a clear numerical superiority ").

Thus the French crown passed from the House of Capet after the death of Charles IV to Philip VI of France of the House of Valois, a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty,

After the death of the founder the order was favoured and privileged by Benedict XI, and rapidly spread through Italy, Germany, Flanders, and France, where they were received by Philip the Fair in 1300.

He began playing the cello, spending a summer in France studying music under the acclaimed Nadia Boulanger, who also taught Morris ' future collaborator Philip Glass.

His grandfather, Thomas Francis, founder of the Carignano line of the House of Savoy, was the son of Catherine Michelle – a daughter of Philip II of Spain – and the great-grandson of the Emperor Charles V. But of more immediate consequence to Leopold I was the fact that Eugene was the second cousin of Victor Amadeus, the Duke of Savoy, a connection that the Emperor hoped might prove useful in any future confrontation with France.

To his concerns regarding his new heir, Louis, who had been destined for the monastic life of a younger son ( the former heir, Philip, having died from a riding accident ), was added joy over the death of one of his most powerful vassals – and the availability of the best duchy in France.

He was joined by troops sent by his brother Geoffrey and Philip II of France.

King Philip II of France claimed that certain properties in Normandy belonged to his half-sister, Margaret of France, widow of the young Henry, but Henry insisted that they had once belonged to Eleanor and would revert to her upon her son's death.

In December 1584, an alliance between Philip II and the French Catholic League at Joinville undermined the ability of Anjou's brother, Henry III of France, to counter Spanish domination of the Netherlands.

In the autumn he had made a will bequeathing the whole of the Spanish possessions to Prince Philip of Bourbon, a grandson of Louis XIV backed by France.

* 1705 January – Philip V replaced Villadarias with the Marshal of France de Tessé.

With the resources thus gained he undertook to enable Philip V to carry out an ambitious foreign policy to undo the Treaty of Utrecht, with the aim of countering the Habsburgs and recovering Spanish possessions in Italy, where he was responsible for unwarranted invasions of Sardinia ( November 1717, strongly supported by Sardinian politician Vicente Bacallar ) and Sicily ( July 1718 ), in spite of promises made to the Pope, while pressing Spanish causes in France with the Cellamare Conspiracy.