In it Petrarch claimed to have been inspired by Philip V of Macedon's ascent of Mount Haemo and that an aged peasant had told him that nobody had ascended Ventoux before or after himself, 50 years before, and warned him against attempting to do so.

It was in part to pre-empt French objections to this outcome that in 1668, only three years after Charles II had ascended, the then-childless Leopold had agreed to partition Spanish territories between the Bourbons and the Habsburgs, even though Philip IV's will would have entitled him to the entire inheritance.

When Philip II, son of Charles, ascended the Spanish throne he tried to abolish all Protestantism.

Two years later, he became heir apparent when his grandfather died and his father ascended to the throne as King Philip III.

In 1350, his grandfather King Philip died and his father ascended as John II.

When the cavalry corps of the Army of the Potomac was reorganized under Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan in 1864, Custer took part in the various actions of the cavalry in the Overland Campaign, including the Battle of the Wilderness ( after which he ascended to division command ), the Battle of Yellow Tavern, where J. E. B.

Olivares rapidly became Philip's most trusted advisor and when Philip ascended the throne in 1621, at the age of sixteen, he showed his confidence in Olivares by ordering that all papers requiring the royal signature should first be sent to the count-duke.

Named Arrhidaeus at birth, he assumed the name Philip when he ascended to the throne.

The title was held by Philippe, a grandson of King Louis XIV, until he ascended the Spanish throne as Philip V of Spain.

Philip III of France entrusted to him the education of his son, who later, in 1285, ascended the throne as Philip IV.

Other usurpers, like the emperor Philip the Arab, ascended the throne by a planned murder directed at an established sovereign ( in his case Gordian III ).

When Queen Elizabeth II ascended the throne in 1952, a question arose as to whether the royal family's name would change after her to " Mountbatten "— the name adopted by the Queen's husband, Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark, from his mother's family (" Battenberg " translated to English ).

* On 22 October 1948, George VI issued letters patent allowing the children of his son-in-law and daughter, Philip, Duke of Edinburgh and Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh, to assume princely titles and the style Royal Highness ; they would not have been entitled to them ordinarily, as grandchildren in the female line, until their mother ascended the throne as Elizabeth II.

Mountbatten's qualification for offering advice to this particular heir to the throne was unique ; it was he who had arranged the visit of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth to Dartmouth Royal Naval College on 22 July 1939, taking care to include the young Princesses Elizabeth and Margaret in the invitation, but assigning his nephew, Cadet Prince Philip of Greece, to keep them amused while their parents toured the facility.

He was very active in furthering the accession of the French candidate for the throne of Spain, Philip V. Two years later, Vendôme having died in the interval, Alberoni was appointed consular agent for Parma at Philip's court, where he was the royal favourite, being raised at the same time to the dignity of count.

The Bourbon Philip of Anjou was designated heir to the throne of Spain as Philip V. The Habsburg Emperor Leopold opposed a Bourbon succession, because the power that such a succession would bring to the Bourbon rulers of France would disturb the delicate balance of power in Europe.

Philip of Anjou was confirmed as Philip V, king of Spain ; Emperor Leopold did not get the throne, but Philip V was barred from inheriting France.

* 1724 – King Philip V of Spain abdicates the throne.

In the absence of any children, Philip was concerned that after Mary and Elizabeth, one of the next claimants to the English throne was the Queen of Scotland, who was betrothed to the Dauphin of France.

As soon as he was able, Louis planned to associate Philip with him on the throne, but it was delayed when Philip, at the age of thirteen, was separated from his companions during a royal hunt and became lost in the Forest of Compiègne.

Philip befriended all of Henry's sons and used them to foment rebellion against their father, but turned against both Richard and John after their respective accessions to the throne.

Two dynasties claimed the Spanish throne: the French Bourbons and the Austrian Habsburgs, both closely related to Charles and to his father, Philip IV.

The Bavarian prince would have been the lawful heir to the Spanish throne under Philip IV's will, and remained a far less threatening candidate than those directly in the Bourbon or Habsburg lines, despite the willingness of both Leopold I and Louis XIV to defer their claims onto a junior branch of their Houses: Leopold to his younger son, the Archduke Charles, and Louis to the Dauphin's younger son, Philip, the Duke of Anjou.

Meanwhile, the English, who had previously held the view that Philip could remain on the throne of Spain, now decided that their commercial interests would be more secure under the Archduke Charles.

The partition is a result of a compromise, essentially brokered by Eumenes, following a conflict of opinion between the party of Meleager, who wishes to give full power to Philip III ( the illegitimate son of King Philip II of Macedon by Philinna of Larissa ), and the party of Perdiccas, who wishes to wait for the birth of the heir of Alexander and his wife, Roxana ( the future Alexander IV ) to give him the throne under the control of a regent.

* January 14 – King Philip V of Spain abdicates the throne.

* Henry II of England ends a war against Philip II of France & Richard I of England by agreeing to their terms: he pays Philip 20, 000 marks and recognizes Richard as the heir to the English throne.

* August 25 – Battle of Alcântara: Spanish armies, led by Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, defending the claim of King Philip II of Spain to the Portuguese throne, defeat the armies of Portuguese claimant António, Prior of Crato.

By marrying his son Philip the Handsome to the future Queen Joanna of Castile in 1498, Maximilian established the Habsburg dynasty in Spain and allowed his grandson Charles to hold the throne of both León-Castile and Aragon, thus making him the first de jure King of Spain.

Charles V wished his son Philip ( afterwards king of Spain ) to succeed him as emperor, but his brother Ferdinand, who had already been designated as the next occupant of the imperial throne, and Maximilian objected to this proposal.

Meanwhile the relations between Maximilian and Philip of Spain had improved ; and the emperor's increasingly cautious and moderate attitude in religious matters was doubtless because the death of Philip's son, Don Carlos, had opened the way for the succession of Maximilian, or of one of his sons, to the Spanish throne.

He came at an early age to the court of Philip II of Macedon, and after the Grecian fashion became the object of his attachment.

Through Sven Markelius, Aalto became a member of the Congres Internationaux d ' Architecture Moderne ( CIAM ), attending the second congress in Frankfurt in 1929 and the fourth congress in Athens in 1933, where he established a close friendship with László Moholy-Nagy, Sigfried Giedion and Philip Morton Shand.

King Philip, who became King of Spain in 1556, acknowledged the new political reality and cultivated Elizabeth.

Boccaccio became a friend of fellow Florentine Niccolò Acciaioli, and benefited from his influence as the administrator, and perhaps the lover, of Catherine of Valois-Courtenay, widow of Philip I of Taranto.

Eventually, however, under Charles V and then Philip II, the Burgundian Netherlands became part of the Habsburg empire ruled from Spain.

Philip II became king on Charles V's abdication in 1556.

Otto IV had the upper hand and became the Holy Roman Emperor at the expense of Philip of Swabia.

He died in the Eighth Crusade and Philip III became king.

Philip III became king when Saint Louis died in 1270 during the Eighth Crusade.

As the forces detached to his lieutenants were generally unable to hold their own, and neither his home government nor his new ally Philip V of Macedon helped to make good his losses, his position in southern Italy became increasingly difficult and his chance of ultimately conquering Rome grew ever more remote.

Her elder sister Agnes married King Philip II of France ( annulled in 1200 ) and her sister Gertrude ( killed in 1213 ) King Andrew II of Hungary, while the youngest Matilda ( Mechtild ) became abbess at the Benedictine Abbey of Kitzingen in Franconia, where Hedwig also received her education.

Instead, in 1769, he enrolled at the College of New Jersey, now Princeton University, where he became roommates and close friends with Philip Freneau, later dubbed " the poet of the Revolution.

John's operations became more chaotic as the campaign progressed, and Philip began to make steady progress in the east.

She was succeeded by her half-sister, who became Elizabeth I. Philip, who was in Brussels, wrote in a letter, " I felt a reasonable regret for her death.

A former pupil of an eminent German scholar and educationist Valentin Friedland, Martin Helwig went on to study at the University of Wittenberg where as a student of Martin Luther and Philip Melanchthon he earned the academic degree of Magister, in 1552 he became Rector of St. Maria Magdalena School in Breslau ( now Wrocław, in Poland ).

After the death of Emperor Henry VI, who had recently also conquered the Kingdom of Sicily, the succession became disputed: as Henry's son Frederick was still a small child, the partisans of the Staufen dynasty elected Henry ’ s brother, Philip, Duke of Swabia, king in March 1198, whereas the princes opposed to the Staufen dynasty elected Otto, Duke of Brunswick, of the House of Welf.

Before he became a monk, Simon handed his county of the Vexin over to King Philip.

Edwards ' hard-boiled private detective scripts for Richard Diamond, Private Detective became NBC's answer to Sam Spade and Philip Marlowe, reflecting Edwards's unique humor.

Realizing close to the beginning of rehearsals that a performance score was not available, NCSA enlisted the help of musicologist Philip Gossett, who was able to put them in touch with Sbragia, and his version, which was based on the original 1836 performances in Venice, became the work's critical edition.

He afterwards became estranged from Philip, but in 1303, Boniface recognized him as German king and future emperor ; in return, Albert recognized the authority of the pope alone to bestow the Imperial crown, and promised that none of his sons should be elected German king without papal consent.

It is an international retaliation to Louis XIV ’ s acceptance in 1700 of the Spanish crown on behalf of his grandson Philip of Anjou, who became Philip V, first Bourbon king of Spain.

Evidence of this friendly feeling was given in 1570, when the emperor's daughter, Anna, became the fourth wife of Philip ; but Maximilian was unable to moderate the harsh proceedings of the Spanish king against the revolting inhabitants of the Netherlands.