By the end of 1919 a clear front had formed as Petliura decided to ally with Piłsudski.

Before the World War I he joined the Związek Walki Czynnej, an underground organisation formed by Józef Piłsudski.

My, Pierwsza Brygada ( We Are the First Brigade ), also known as Marsz Pierwszej Brygady ( The March of the First Brigade ) and Legiony to żołnierska nuta ( The Legions Are a Soldiers ' Song ), was one of the best-known songs of the Polish Legions formed during World War I by Józef Piłsudski.

* I Brigade of the Polish Legions under Józef Piłsudski, formed in mid-December

On 10 May 1926 a Chjeno-Piast government was formed, and that same day Józef Piłsudski, in an interview with Kurier Poranny ( the Morning Courier ), said that he was " ready to fight the evil " of Sejmocracy and promised a " sanation " ( restoration to health ) of political life.

A new government was formed under Prime Minister Kazimierz Bartel, with Piłsudski as minister of military affairs.

The first, formed in May 1923, antagonized Józef Piłsudski, who resigned his government posts blaming Chjeno-Piast for assassination of Gabriel Narutowicz.

The second, formed in May 1926, had even less support and was soon overthrown by the May Coup organized by Józef Piłsudski.

* 1867 – Józef Piłsudski, Polish revolutionary and statesman ( d. 1935 )

The 1905 Russian Revolution arose new waves of Polish unrest, political maneuvering, strikes and rebellion, with Roman Dmowski and Józef Piłsudski active as leaders of the nationalist and socialist factions respectively.

" The Commandant ": Józef Piłsudski | Piłsudski with Polish Legions in World War I | his men in 1915

Piłsudski had entertained far-reaching anti-Russian cooperative designs for Eastern Europe, and in 1919 the Polish forces pushed eastward into Lithuania, Belarus and Ukraine ( previously a theater of the Polish – Ukrainian War ), taking advantage of the Russian preoccupation with the civil war.

On May 12, 1926, Piłsudski, prompted by mutinous units seeking his leadership and intent on preventing the three-time prime minister Wincenty Witos of the peasant Polish People's Party from forming another coalition, staged a military overthrow of the Polish government, confronting President Stanisław Wojciechowski and overpowering the troops loyal to him.

* 1935 – Józef Piłsudski, Polish statesman ( b. 1867 )

* 1920 – Kiev Offensive: Polish troops led by Józef Piłsudski and Edward Rydz-Śmigły and assisted by a symbolic Ukrainian force capture Kiev only to be driven out by the Red Army counter-offensive a month later.

* 1918 – Józef Piłsudski assumes supreme military power in Poland-symbolic first day of Polish independence.

The knotty economic problems also favoured the rise of dictators in Eastern Europe and the Balkans, such as Józef Piłsudski in the Second Polish Republic and Peter and Alexander Karađorđević in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

* May 12 – Józef Piłsudski, Polish politician ( b. 1867 )

After the outbreak of World War I, Kielce was the first Polish city to be liberated from Russian rule by the Polish Legions under Józef Piłsudski.

When Piłsudski carried out a military thrust into Ukraine in 1920, he was met by a Red Army offensive that drove into Polish territory almost to Warsaw.

A few of the notable visitors to the region: Elisabeth of Bavaria, empress of Austria-Hungary, 1837-1898 ( who travelled to the island for leisure and health ), Charles I of Austria, Emperor Austria and King of Hungary, 1867 – 1918, Polish Field Marshal Józef Piłsudski in order to recuperate his health, Winston Churchill ( who travelled here on holidays and was known to have painted a few paintings during his visits ) and Fulgencio Batista ( who stopped-over en-route to his exile in Spain ).

* Piłsudski's Mound in Kraków honors Polish general and politician Józef Piłsudski.

On August 16, Polish forces commanded by Józef Piłsudski counterattacked from the south, disrupting the enemy's offensive, forcing the Russian forces into a disorganised withdrawal eastward and behind the Neman River.

Communism gained only a marginal following, but a more moderate socialist faction led by Józef Piłsudski won broader support through its emphatic advocacy of Polish independence.

The Polish political scene remained chaotic and shifting until Józef Piłsudski ( 1867 – 1935 ) seized power in May 1926.

Józef Piłsudski advocated a democratic, Polish-led federation of independent states — while Roman Dmowski leader of the Endecja movement represented by the National Democratic Party, set his mind on a more compact Poland composed of ethnic Polish or ' polonizable ' territories.

For the next decade, Piłsudski dominated Polish affairs as strongman of a generally popular centrist regime, although he never held a formal title except for minister of defense.

In 1935 a new Polish Constitution was adopted, but Piłsudski soon died and his protégé successors drifted toward open authoritarianism.

The city was a seat of the Military Department of National Committee, and headquarters for the Polish Legions, which were voluntary troops organized by Józef Piłsudski, Władysław Sikorski, and others to fight against Russia.

On 27 August 1914 Józef Piłsudski issued an order in which he declared formation of the Polish Legions.

During World War I, while PPS, under the influence of Józef Piłsudski, supported the Central Powers against Russia ( the Polish Legions ), the ND first allied itself with the Russian Empire ( supporting the creation of the Puławy Legion ) and later with the Western Powers ( supporting the Polish Blue Army in France ).

In 1914 Świtalski joined the Polish Legions and in 1918 the Polish Army, where he became one of the aides to Piłsudski.

Joining in 1914 Beck served until 1917 in the First Brigade of the Polish Legions and was an aide to Piłsudski.

However, as the Polish Legions were already enraged with the German and Austro-Hungarian plans of limiting the plans for Polish independence and Józef Piłsudski, the Legions ' leader, was dismissed by his Austro-Hungarian superiors.

Józef Piłsudski in his order of 22 August declared he formation of the Legions, but Austrian government officially agreed to it only on 27 August.

This changed after Piłsudski resigned his post in September 1916 and the Polish Legions were renamed to Polish Auxiliary Corps ( Polski Korpus Posilkowy ).

He joined the Polish Legions of Józef Piłsudski in 1914, serving in the 2nd and 4th Legions Infantry Regiment ( Pułk Piechoty Legionów ).

In the years 1926-1928, he created a rich graphic setting of the 45 page long Statute, showing the contribution of the Jews to Polish society, including their participation in Poland's pro-independence struggle, for example during the January Uprising of 1863 or in the Polish Legions in World War I commanded by Józef Piłsudski, to whom Szyk also dedicated his work.

It was used by Piłsudski to create a body independent from his cautious Austro-Hungarian supporters, and it was an important, if somewhat lesser known, counterpart to the Polish Legions.

However, in July 1917, after the Oath Crisis in the Polish Legions and the arrest of Piłsudski, the PMO returned to the underground and started covert operations against German and Austrian garrisons and supply lines.

During World War I, while many other non-Polish minorities were ambivalent or neutral to the idea of a sovereign Polish state, Jews actively participated in the fight for Poland's independence between 1914 and 1918 – a significant number joining Józef Piłsudski at the famous Oleandry area in Kraków, among them Bronisław Mansperl-Chaber killed in 1915 as the First Lieutenant of Brigade I of the Polish Legions.

In 1914 Józef Piłsudski created the Polish Military Organization, an intelligence and special-operations organization which worked alongside the Polish Legions.