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Plantinga and view
Plantinga seeks to defend this view of proper function against alternative views of proper function proposed by other philosophers which he groups together as ' naturalistic ' including the ' functional generalization ' view of John Pollock, the evolutionary / etiological account provided by Ruth Millikan, and a dispositional view held by John Bigelow and Robert Pargetter.
In Faith and Rationality, Wolterstorff, Alvin Plantinga, and William Alston developed and expanded upon a view of religious epistemology that has come to be known as reformed epistemology.

Plantinga and Reformed
The philosopher Alvin Plantinga has shifted his focus to justifying belief in God ( that is, those who believe in God, for whatever reasons, are rational in doing so ) through Reformed epistemology, in the context of a theory of warrant and proper cognitive function.
* Reformed epistemology-Beliefs are warranted by proper cognitive function, proposed by Alvin Plantinga.
With Plantinga, Wolterstorff, and others, Alston was also responsible for the development of " Reformed epistemology " ( a term that Alston, an Episcopalian, never fully endorsed ), one of the most important contributions to Christian thought in the twentieth century.
* Hoitenga, Dewey, From Plato to Plantinga: An Introduction to Reformed Epistemology.
While an undergraduate at Calvin College, Wolterstorff was greatly influenced by professors Harry Jellema, Henry Stob and Henry Zylstra, who introduced him to schools of thought that have dominated his mature thinking: Reformed theology and common sense philosophy ( these have also influenced the thinking of Wolterstorff's friend and colleague Alvin Plantinga, another alumnus of Calvin College ).
Reformed epistemology grew out of the parity argument presented by Alvin Plantinga in his book God and Other Minds ( 1967 ): if believing in other minds is rational though unsupported by argument, so might believing in God be rational, even if similarly unsupported.
A popular approach in some circles is the approach of Reformed epistemologists, such as Alvin Plantinga and Nicholas Wolterstorff, who assert that belief in God might be foundational ( or, properly ' basic ') and warranted without the need for logical or evidential justification, like belief in other minds or the external world, rather than inferentially derived from other beliefs ; it can, however, be subject to defeaters, rationally requiring that one give up the belief.

Plantinga and epistemology
Analytic epistemology and metaphysics has formed the basis for a number of philosophically-sophisticated theistic arguments, like those of the reformed epistemologists like Plantinga.
Plantinga is widely-known for his work in philosophy of religion, epistemology, metaphysics and Christian apologetics.
More specifically, Plantinga argues that belief in God is properly basic, and due to a religious externalist epistemology, he claims belief in God could be justified independently of evidence.
In the first book of the trilogy, Warrant: The Current Debate, Plantinga introduces, analyzes, and criticizes 20th century developments in analytic epistemology, particularly the works of Chisholm, BonJour, Alston, Goldman, and others.
Alvin Plantinga offers another theory of knowledge closely related to virtue epistemology.
In the philosophy of religion, reformed epistemology is a school of thought regarding the epistemology of belief in God put forward by a group of Protestant Christian philosophers, most notably, Alvin Plantinga, William Alston, Nicholas Wolterstorff and Michael C. Rea.
He earned a doctorate in philosophy ( Ph. D .) for a dissertation on the epistemology of the American philosopher Alvin Plantinga from Queen's University, Belfast.

Plantinga and Proper
*" Plantinga on Knowledge and Proper Function ", in Jonathan Kvanvig ( ed.

Plantinga and .
Some foundationalists, such as St. Augustine of Hippo and Alvin Plantinga, hold that all of our beliefs rest ultimately on beliefs accepted by faith.
The professor of Philosophy at the University of Notre Dame Alvin Plantinga criticises it, and the Emiritus Regius Professor of Divinity Keith Ward suggests that materialism is rare amongst contemporary UK philosophers: " Looking around my philosopher colleagues in Britain, virtually all of whom I know at least from their published work, I would say that very few of them are materialists.
The collapse of logical positivism renewed interest in philosophy of religion, prompting philosophers like William Alston, John Mackie, Alvin Plantinga, Robert Merrihew Adams, Richard Swinburne, and Antony Flew not only to introduce new problems, but to re-open classical topics such as the nature of miracles, theistic arguments, the problem of evil, ( see existence of God ) the rationality of belief in God, concepts of the nature of God, and many more.
Plantinga, Mackie and Flew debated the logical validity of the free will defense as a way to solve the problem of evil.
* Plantinga, Leon.
Leading proponents of reliabilist theories of knowledge and justification have included Alvin Goldman, Marshall Swain, and more recently, Alvin Plantinga.
One greater good that has been proposed is that of free will, famously argued for by Alvin Plantinga in his free will defense.
Many philosophers accept that Plantinga successfully solves the logical problem of evil, as he appears to have shown that God and evil are logically compatible, though others demur.
As an example of the latter, Alvin Plantinga has famously suggested that natural evils are caused by the free choices of supernatural beings such as demons.
American philosopher Alvin Plantinga presented a version of the free will defence which argued that the coexistence of God and evil is not logically impossible, and that free will further explains the existence of evil without threatening the existence of God.
American philosopher Alvin Plantinga offers a free will defence which argues that human free will sufficiently explains the existence of evil while maintaining that God's existence remains logically possible.
Together with Alvin Plantinga, Nicholas Wolterstorff, and Robert Adams, Alston helped to found the journal Faith and Philosophy and the Society of Christian Philosophers.
* Naturalism Defeated A recent transcendental argument by Alvin Plantinga.
The steering committee of the National Edition consisting of the scholars Andrea Coen ( Rome ), Roberto De Caro ( Bologna ), Roberto Illiano ( Lucca — President ), Leon B. Plantinga ( New Haven, CT ), David Rowland ( Milton Keynes, UK ), Luca Sala ( Paris / Poitiers, Secretary and Treasurer ), Massimiliano Sala ( Pistoia, Vice-President ), Rohan H. Stewart-MacDonald ( Cambridge, UK ) and Valeria Tarsetti ( Bologna ).
* Leon B. Plantinga: Clementi: His Life and Music ( Oxford University Press, February 1977 )
Alvin Carl Plantinga ( born November 15, 1932 ) is an American analytic philosopher, the John A. O ' Brien Professor of Philosophy Emeritus at the University of Notre Dame and the inaugural holder of the Jellema Chair in Philosophy at Calvin College.
Plantinga was born on November 15, 1932 in Ann Arbor, Michigan to Cornelius A. Plantinga ( 1908 – 1994 ) and Lettie G. Bossenbroek ( 1908 – 2007 ).

discusses and view
47-52 ), which discusses marriage from the personalist point of view.
The " liberal arts " or " liberal pursuits " ( Latin liberalia studia ) were already so called in formal education during the Roman Empire ; for example, Seneca the Younger discusses liberal arts in education from a critical Stoic point of view in Moral Epistle 88.
Honigmann discusses the view that Abd el-Ouahed ben Messaoud ben Mohammed Anoun, Moorish ambassador of the Arab King of Barbary to Queen Elizabeth I in 1600, was one inspiration for Othello.
In both Universals and Scientific Realism and Universals: An Opinionated Introduction, Armstrong describes the relative merits of a number of nominalist theories which appeal either to " natural classes " ( a view he ascribes to Anthony Quinton ), concepts, resemblance relations or predicates, and also discusses non-realist " trope " accounts ( which he describes in the Universals and Scientific Realism volumes as " particularism ").
Almost all rabbinic literature published since the Middle Ages discusses Rashi, either using his view as supporting evidence or debating against it.
This view is sometimes called the picture theory of language, but Wittgenstein discusses various representational picturing relationships, including non-linguistic " pictures " such as photographs and sculptures ( TLP 2. 1 – 2. 225 ).
The third view, which von Guericke discusses at length, but does not attribute to any individual, is that Space is a creation of the human Imagination.
Rogers also discusses this issue in her book " Anselm on Freedom ", using the term " four-dimensionalism " rather than " eternalism " for the view that " the present moment is not ontologically privileged ", and commenting that " Boethius and Augustine do sometimes sound rather four-dimensionalist, but Anselm is apparently the first consistently and explicitly to embrace the position.
His book Peer To Peer ( 2002 ) discusses different P2P solutions both from a technical and legal point of view.
Also, Robert Browning uses the term " Tertium Quid " in his long narrative poem " The Ring and the Book " to describe a speaker with a third point of view who has a different, more balanced, opinion on the 1698 Roman murder case his poem discusses, different from the opinions of " Half Rome " and " The Other Half Rome " who strongly sympathize with, or strongly do not sympathize with, the accused.
Heusenstamm: Ontos, 2008 ). The Fragment on Mackintosh severely criticizes the alleged flimsiness and misrepresentations of Sir James Mackintosh's famous Dissertation on the Progress of Ethical Philosophy ( 1830 ), and discusses the foundations of ethics from the author's utilitarian point of view.
In part 2 he discusses the " false or theological essence of religion ," i. e. the view which regards God as having a separate existence over against humankind.
In the book " The McDonaldization of Society " by George Ritzer, he discusses and provides his perspective of the modern world in the view of fast-food restaurant.
In Postman's view multiculturalism is a separatist movement that destroys American unity but on the other hand, he discusses teaching through diversity as an important theme that should be utilized in regard to teaching history, culture and language.
He discusses the naval establishment, not from the naval point of view alone, but from the general aspect of the constitution of which it is a detail, and is thus led to consider the nature of the constitution itself, and to show that it is not an artificial structure but a growth and product of the natural character.
: This page discusses a philosophical view on free will.
A brief monograph by the philosopher Benjamin Fondane, dating from 1944 ( just prior to his deportation and death ) and published in 1998, discusses the limitations of Lupasco ’ s view of affectivity and ontology.
Like Bernardi, Austin discusses racial stereotypes in the episode ; citing Bernardi, he argues that, instead of considering " the Yangs as noble savages, the Yangs can now be seen as an example of the result of mindless nationalism run amok, albeit still salvageable in Roddenberry's ever-optimistic view of the future.
This view of the world taught by Aristotle and followed by Alexander is apparent in Aristotle's Meteorologica, a treatise on earth sciences where he discusses the " length " and " width " of " the inhabited earth.
Foley briefly discusses also the chapter On Machinery, which Ricardo included in a revised version of the Principles and in which he discusses the impact of the adoption of machinery on the different classes of society, revising his earlier view that mechanization could be expected to be of benefit to each of the classes of the society.
" King Mu of Zhou " discusses sense perceptions as illusions ; " Endeavor and Destiny " takes a fatalistic ( if not karmic ) view of destiny, which goes against the traditional Daoist concept of Wuwei.
Barnard's classic 1938 book The Functions of the Executive discusses, as the title suggests, the functions of the executive, but not from a merely intuitive point of view, but instead deriving them from his conception of cooperative systems.
)", in Journal Of World Systems Research, Volume XIV, Number 1 ( 2008 ) PDF ( discusses the Egyptian view of Nubia during the Middle and New Kingdom

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