Curule Aediles, as formal magistrates, held certain honors that Plebeian Aediles ( who were not technically magistrates ), did not hold.

Livy suggests, perhaps incorrectly, that both Curule as well as Plebeian Aediles were sacrosanct.

Within five days after the beginning of their terms, the four Aediles ( two Plebeian, two Curule ) were required to determine, by lot or by agreement among themselves, what parts of the city each should hold jurisdiction over.

Some festivals were Plebeian in nature, and thus were under the superintendence of Plebeian Aediles.

Since the Plebeian Aediles were elected by the Plebeians ( commoners ), rather than by all of the People of Rome ( Plebeians as well as members of the Patrician aristocracy ), they were not technically magistrates.

The Plebeian Council elected two ' Plebeian Magistrates ', the Plebeian Tribunes and the Plebeian Aediles.

The Tribunes were given two assistants, called Plebeian Aediles ( aediles plebi ).

The plebeian aediles were elected by the Plebeian Council and the curule aediles were either elected by the Tribal Assembly or appointed by the reigning consul.

The Plebeian Tribunes were the only magistrates independent of the Dictator, and so with his protection, Minucius was relatively safe.

Since the plebeian tribunes and plebeian aediles were elected by the plebeians ( non-aristocrats that owned land ) in the Plebeian Council, rather than by all of the People of Rome ( plebeians, the patrician nobility, and the capite censi, landless commoners ), they were technically not " magistrates ".

He came of an ancient Plebeian family who all were noted for some military service but not for the discharge of the higher civil offices.

This council had no political power until the offices of Plebeian Tribune and Plebeian Aedile were created in 494 BC, due to the Plebeian Secession that year.

Since most individuals who were elected to political office were given membership in the Roman Senate, this development helped to transform the senate from a body of Patricians into a body of Plebeian and Patrician aristocrats.

During the 4th century BC, a series of reforms were passed ( the leges Valeriae Horatiae or the " laws of the Consul Publius Valerius Publicola and the Dictator Quintus Hortensius "), which ultimately required that any law passed by the Plebeian Council have the full force of law over both Plebeians and Patricians.

* 366 BC: Patricians agree to allow Plebeian Consuls to be elected ( the first being Lucius Sextius Sextinus ).

In 337 BC, the first Plebeian Praetor ( Q. Publilius Philo ) was elected.

Under the new system, newly elected magistrates were awarded with automatic membership in the senate, although it remained difficult for a Plebeian from an unknown family to enter the senate.

However, by the time Trebonius was elected Plebeian Tribune in 55 BC, he had become one of their supporters.

The Plebeian Council elected two plebeian officers, the tribunes and the eediles, and thus Roman law classified these two officers as the elected representatives of the plebeians.

A member of the Plebeian gens Norbani, and a Novus homo, Gaius Norbanus first came to prominence when he was elected Tribune of the Plebs for 103 BC.

According to the histories of Livy and Dionysius of Halicarnassus, the magistracy of the tribuni militum consulari potestate was created during the Conflict of the Orders, along with the magistracy of the censor, in order to give the Plebeian order access to higher levels of government without having to reform the office of consul ; plebeians could be elected to the office of Consular Tribune.

Born into an old, wealthy equestrian branch of the Plebeian Octavii family, Augustus was adopted posthumously by his maternal great-uncle Gaius Julius Caesar in 44 BC following Caesar's assassination.

Any decision made by a presiding magistrate could be vetoed by a magistrate known as a Plebeian Tribune.

Originally, statutes passed by the Plebeian Council (" Plebiscites ") only applied to Plebeians.

A Plebeian adopted by a Patrician would become a patrician, and vice versa ; however, at least in Republican times, this required the consent of the Senate ( famously in the case of Publius Clodius Pulcher ).

** First Plebeian ( commoner ) senators appointed ( conscripti ) to fill vacancies created by the overthrow of the monarchy

* 471 BC: Plebeians allowed to organize by tribe, reorganization of Plebeian Council from Curia to Tribe.

The result of this first secession was the creation of the office of Plebeian Tribune, and with it the first acquisition of real power by the Plebeians.

At first, its acts (" plebiscites ") applied only to Plebeians, although after 339 BC, with the institution of laws by the first Plebeian dictator Q. Publilius Philo, these acts began to apply to both Plebeians and Patricians, with a senatorial veto of all measures approved by the council.

However, the Patricio-Plebeian aristocracy in the senate still retained other means by which to control the Plebeian Council, in particular the closeness between the Plebeian Tribunes and the senators.

They also maintained the acts of the Plebeian Council ( popular assembly ), the " plebiscites ".

The Tribune was an office first created to protect the right of the common man in Roman politics and served as the head of the Plebeian Council.

By this, Plutarch probably means that as Plebeian Tribune, Metilius had the Plebeian Council, a popular assembly which only Tribunes could preside over, grant Minucius quasi-dictatorial powers.

Gaius addressing the Plebeian Council | Plebeians.

" plebiscites ," originating in the Plebeian Council ).

Tribunes had the power to convene the Plebeian Council and to act as its president, which also gave them the right to propose legislation before it.

Sometimes the tribune brought the case before the College of Tribunes or the Plebeian Council for a trial.

Gaius Gracchus addressing the Plebeian Council | Concilium Plebis ( Ancient Rome | Rome )

* Plebeian Council

Gracchus addressing the Plebeian Council | Concilium Plebis.

The Plebeian Council ( concilium plebis ) was the principal popular gathering of the Roman Republic.

As the name suggests, the Plebeian Council was organized as a Council, and not as an Assembly.

The only difference between the Plebeian Council after 471 BC and the ordinary Tribal Assembly ( which also organized on the basis of the Tribes ) was that the Tribes of the Plebeian Council only included Plebeians, whereas the Tribes of the Tribal Assembly included both Plebeians and Patricians.