It is remarkable that the composition of this league does not reflect that of the Latin people who took part in the Latiar or Feriae Latinae given by Pliny and it has not as its leader the rex Nemorensis but a dictator Latinus.

" The passage does not give enough information to determine which cubit Pliny meant ; however, any cubit gives the same general result.

" Pliny also complains " there is no year in which India does not drain the Roman Empire of fifty million sesterces ," and further moralises on pepper:

His contemporary, Pliny the Elder, does recommend the use of adding resin to the fermenting wine must in his work Naturalis Historia ( 14. 124 ) with the resin from mountainous areas having a better aroma than those that come from lower lands ( 16. 60 ).

This passage shows the clear contempt of Suetonius for Christians-the same contempt expressed by Tacitus and Pliny the younger in their writings, but does not refer to Jesus himself.

While Pliny does not explicitly name the grape responsible for these Pollenzo wines, his description of the wine bears similarities to later descriptions of Nebbiolo-based wines, making this potentially the first notation of wine made from Nebbiolo in the Piedmont region.

This island does not appear to be the same as the island Pliny calls " Scatinavia ", located near Cimbri.

Columella, a Latin writer of the 1st century AD, mentions the processing of wax from beehives in De Re Rustica, perhaps for casting, as does Pliny the Elder, who details a sophisticated procedure for making Punic wax.

Pliny requested that Marcellus make Suetonius a tribune in Britain and although Suetonius eventually declined the post, the story does indicate that Marcellus was able to make military appointments easily through the network of patronage and apparently without consulting the army.

Pliny does not simply list materials and objects but also seeks explanations of phenomena.

The coast of Abruzzo was in Augustus ' Region IV ; however, Pliny does not say that the Abruzzo was the largest part of Gallia Togata, only that it was the largest part of the region settled by Sicilians and Liburnians.

Ovid speaks of it as one of the three municipal towns whose districts composed the territory of the Paeligni: and this is confirmed both by Pliny and the Liber Coloniarum ; yet it does not seem to have ever been large, and Ovid himself designates it as a small provincial town.

From the Liber Coloniarum we learn also that it had received the status of a colony, probably in the time of Augustus ; though Pliny does not give it the title of a Colonia.

The name is derived from the type genus Apium, which was originally used by Pliny the Elder circa 50 AD for a celery-like plant.

Its name was changed by Lysimachus to Alexandria Troas, in memory of Alexander III of Macedon ( Pliny merely states that the name changed from Antigonia to Alexandria ).

He might also have been influenced by the name of a legendary island mentioned in The Natural History by Pliny the Elder.

It might be connected with " glowing coals ", or " fire ", but it could equally go back to, or be influenced by, the Latin name Brundisium of the city of Brindisi ( aes Brundusinum, meaning " copper of Brindisi ", is attested in Pliny ).

Pliny tells that the wool of Colossae gave its name ( colossinus ) to the colour of the cyclamen flower.

Pliny makes clear the fact in the preface to his work that he had checked his facts by reading and comparing the works of others, as well as referring to them by name.

For biblical scholar John Knox, the use of the word “ name ” in 4: 14-16 is the “ crucial point of contact ” with that in Pliny ’ s letter.

In another example, believing the black rock of the Schlossberg at Stolpen to be the same as Pliny the Elder's basalt, Agricola applied this name to it, and thus originated a petrological term which has been permanently incorporated in the vocabulary of science.

Ancient Romans, such as Pliny the Elder ( Natural History, 3. 5 ) and Varro ( cited by Pliny ), speculated that the name Lusitania was of Roman origin, as when Pliny says lusum enim liberi patris aut lyssam cum eo bacchantium nomen dedisse lusitaniae et pana praefectum eius universae: that Lusitania takes its name from the lusus associated with Bacchus and the lyssa of his Bacchantes, and that Pan is its governor.

A manuscript variant of a name in Pliny has abetted the Iceland theory: Nerigon instead of Berrice, which sounds like Norway.

Stalactites are first mentioned ( though not by name ) by the Roman natural historian Pliny in a text which also mentions stalagmites and columns and refers to their creation by the dripping of water.

According to Pliny the Elder, sard derives its name from the city of Sardis in Lydia, but it more likely comes from the Persian word سرد sered, meaning yellowish-red.

It seems to have received a colony in the time of Augustus, whence we find mention in inscriptions of the Ordo et Populus splendidissimae Coloniae Augustae Himeraeorum Thermitanorum: and there can be very little doubt that the Thermae colonia of Pliny in reality refers to this town, though he evidently understood it to be Thermae Selinuntiae ( modern Sciacca ), as he places it on the south coast between Agrigentum ( modern Agrigento ) and Selinus There are little subsequent account of Thermae ; but, as its name is found in Ptolemy and the Itineraries, it appears to have continued in existence throughout the period of the Roman Empire, and probably never ceased to be inhabited, as the modern town of Termini Imerese retains the ancient site as well as name.

Pliny the Elder indeed, mentions its name ( Selinus oppidum ), as if it still existed as a town in his time, but Strabo distinctly classes it with extinct cities.

Horseradish is probably the plant mentioned by Pliny the Elder in his Natural History under the name of Amoracia, and recommended by him for its medicinal qualities, and possibly the Wild Radish, or raphanos agrios of the Greeks.

Strabo speaks of it as one of the places on the north coast of Sicily which, in his time, still deserved the name of cities ; and Pliny gives it the title of a Colonia.

As a result, Pliny the Younger changed his name from Gaius Caecilius Cilo to Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus ( his official title was an even greater mouthful: Gaius Plinius Luci filius Caecilius Secundus ).

But although Pliny the Younger uses Secundus as part of his name, this doesn't mean he is the second son: adopted sons took over the name of their adoption father.

The oft-repeated tale of Messalina's all-night sex competition with a prostitute comes from Book X of Pliny the Elder's Natural History.

Also in Roman times, some Essenes settled on the Dead Sea's western shore ; Pliny the Elder identifies their location with the words, " on the west side of the Dead Sea, away from the coast ... the town of Engeda " ( Natural History, Bk 5. 73 ); and it is therefore a hugely popular but contested hypothesis today, that same Essenes are identical with the settlers at Qumran and that " the Dead Sea Scrolls " discovered during the 20th century in the nearby caves had been their own library.

Pliny may have mentioned them, although there is some debate as to the exact nature of the stone he referred to as Adamas ; In 2005, Australia, Botswana, Russia and Canada ranked among the primary sources of gemstone diamond production .< ref >

Pliny's description of the exposed portion of the tomb is intractable ; Pliny, it seems clear, had not observed this structure himself, but is quoting the historian and Roman antiquarian Varro.

They are not further identifiable from what Aristotle says but some pulmones appear in Pliny as a class of insensate sea animal ; specifically the halipleumon (" salt-water lung ").

Papyrus was made in several qualities and prices ; these are listed, with minor differences, both by Pliny and Isidore of Seville.

Pliny the Elder writes that, in his time, the best location in Egypt for capturing this animal was in the Saite nome ; the animal could still be found along the Damietta branch after the Arab Conquest in 639.

* Pliny the Younger ( died 113 ), ancient Roman statesman, orator, and writer ; nephew and adopted son of Pliny the Elder

Pliny the Elder mentions the oryx and an Indian ox ( perhaps a rhinoceros ) as one-horned beasts, as well as " a very fierce animal called the monoceros which has the head of the stag, the feet of the elephant, and the tail of the boar, while the rest of the body is like that of the horse ; it makes a deep lowing noise, and has a single black horn, which projects from the middle of its forehead, two cubits in length.

Pliny indeed mentions a great calamity which the city had sustained, when ( he tells us ) half of it was swallowed up by the sea, probably from an earthquake having caused the fall of part of the hill on which it stands, but we have no clue to the date of this event ; The Itineraries attest the existence of Tyndaris, apparently still as a considerable place, in the fourth century.

Pliny's father died at an early age when his son was still young ; as a result, Pliny probably lived with his mother.

The it seems unknown to Pliny the Elder, so Valens ' mother was probably not his sister Plinia ; perhaps Valens was Lutulla's son from an earlier relationship.

There is some discrepancy as to the people to which it belonged at contact: Pliny expressly assigns it to the Hirpini ; but Livy certainly seems to consider it as belonging to the Samnites proper, as distinguished from the Hirpini ; and Ptolemy adopts the same view.

Throughout the imperial period, Nicaea remained an important town ; for its situation was particularly favourable, being only distant from Prusa ( Pliny v. 32 ), and from Constantinople.

Most of what we have from the Babylonians was inscribed in cuneiform with a metal stylus on tablets of clay, called laterculae coctiles by Pliny the Elder ; papyrus seems to have been also employed, but it has perished.

Pliny the Elder describes its style and designers as Greek ; this may be further evidence of time-honoured and persistent plebeian cultural connections with Magna Graecia, well into the Imperial era, when Liber is found in some of the threefold, complementary deity-groupings of Imperial cult ; a saviour figure, like Hercules and the Emperor himself.

While no indubitably attributable sculpture by Praxiteles is extant, numerous copies of his works have survived ; several authors, including Pliny the Elder, wrote of his works ; and coins engraved with silhouettes of his various famous statuary types from the period still exist.

The most probable solution of the difficulty is that of Friedrich Thiersch, who thinks that there were two artists of this name ; one an Argive, the instructor of Phidias, born about 540 BC, the other a native of Sicyon, who flourished at the date assigned by Pliny and was confounded by the scholiast on Aristophanes with his more illustrious namesake of Argos.