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Plutarch and vita
An ancient cult of Aphrodite-Ariadne was observed at Amathus, Cyprus, according to the obscure Hellenistic mythographer Paeon of Amathus ; Paeon's works are lost, but his narrative is among the sources cited by Plutarch in his vita of Theseus ( 20. 3 -. 5 ).
Plutarch, in his vita of Pericles, 24, mentions lost comedies of Kratinos and Eupolis, which alluded to the contemporary capacity of Aspasia in the household of Pericles, and to Sophocles in The Trachiniae it was shameful for Heracles to serve an Oriental woman in this fashion, but there are many late Hellenistic and Roman references in texts and art to Heracles being forced to do women's work and even wear women's clothing and hold a basket of wool while Omphale and her maidens did their spinning, as Ovid tells: Omphale even wore the skin of the Nemean Lion and carried Heracles ' olive-wood club.
Plutarch, who refers to the " fortunate isles " several times in his writings, locates them firmly in the Atlantic in his vita of Sertorius.

Plutarch and Theseus
According to a version of the Ariadne legend noted by Plutarch, Theseus abandoned Ariadne at Amathousa, where she died giving birth to her child and was buried in a sacred tomb.
According to ancient sources, ( Plutarch Theseus, Pausanias ), Amazon tombs could be found frequently throughout what was once known as the ancient Greek world.
* Plutarch, Theseus.
Plutarch mentions that the Athenians saw the phantom of King Theseus, the mythical hero of Athens, leading the army in full battle gear in the charge against the Persians, and indeed he was depicted in the mural of the Stoa Poikile fighting for the Athenians, along with the twelve Olympian gods and other heroes.
* Plutarch Parallel Lives ( Aristides, Themistocles, Theseus ), On the Malice of Herodotus
To reconcile the contradictory aspects of his character, as well as to explain how Minos governed Crete over a period spanning so many generations, two kings of the name of Minos were assumed by later poets and rationalizing mythologists, such as Diodorus Siculus and Plutarch — " putting aside the mythological element ", as he claims — in his life of Theseus.
* Plutarch, Theseus
* ( Theoi Project ) Plutarch: Life of Theseus
* Plutarch writes his Parallel Lives of Famous Men ( in Greek Βίοι Παράλληλοι ) containing fifty biographies, of which 46 are presented as pairs comparing Greek and Roman celebrities — for example Theseus and Romulus, Alexander the Great and Julius Caesar, Demosthenes and Cicero.
In his book The Comparison of Romulus with Theseus Plutarch describes how the Athenians uncovered the body of Theseus, which was of more than ordinary size.
Other sources ( e. g. Plutarch, Theseus 20 ) credit Rhadamanthys rather than Dionysus as the husband of Ariadne, and the father of Oenopion, Staphylus and Thoas.
Plutarch says that Lycomedes also killed Theseus who had fled to his island in exile by pushing him off a cliff for he feared that Theseus would dethrone him.
The legend is described in the life of Theseus by Plutarch.
Yet elsewhere Plutarch states that Sciron was the son of Canethus and Henioche, a daughter of Pittheus, which made him a cousin of Theseus, and that, in one version, Theseus instituted the Isthmian Games so as to honor him.
Others, Plutarch remarked, related the same of Sinis, another bandit killed by Theseus.
Plutarch says that the Athenians were likewise instructed by the oracle to locate and steal the relics of Theseus from the Dolopians:
Plutarch narrates transferrals similar to that of Theseus for the bodies of the historical Demetrius I of Macedon and Phocion the Good which in many details anticipate Christian practice.
The paradox is most notably recorded by Plutarch in Life of Theseus from the late 1st century.
* Plutarch, " Theseus " in Parallel Lives, 75 CE.
According to the story in Plutarch ( Theseus, 18 ), Theseus, before setting out to Crete to slay the Minotaur, repaired to the Delphinium and deposited, on his own behalf and that of his companions on whom the lot had fallen, an offering to Apollo, consisting of a branch of consecrated olive, bound about with white wool ; after which he prayed to the god and set sail.

Plutarch and which
In much the same way, we recognize the importance of Shakespeare's familarity with Plutarch and Montaigne, of Shelley's study of Plato's dialogues, and of Coleridge's enthusiastic plundering of the writings of many philosophers and theologians from Plato to Schelling and William Godwin, through which so many abstract ideas were brought to the attention of English men of letters.
Ammonius asks Plutarch what he, being a Boeotian, has to say for Cadmus, the Phoenician who reputedly settled in Thebes and introduced the alphabet to Greece, placing alpha first because it is the Phoenician name for ox — which, unlike Hesiod, the Phoenicians considered not the second or third, but the first of all necessities.
We know little more of the life of Andronicus, but he is of special interest in the history of philosophy, from the statement of Plutarch, that he published a new edition of the works of Aristotle and Theophrastus, which formerly belonged to the library of Apellicon, and were brought to Rome by Sulla with the rest of Apellicon's library in 84 BC.
Plutarch criticised Herodotus in his essay " On The Malignity of Herodotus ", describing Herodotus as " Philobarbaros " ( barbarian-lover ), for not being pro-Greek enough, which suggests that Herodotus might actually have done a reasonable job of being even-handed.
Among ancient sources, the poet Simonides, another near-contemporary, says the campaign force numbered 200, 000 ; while a later writer, the Roman Cornelius Nepos estimates 200, 000 infantry and 10, 000 cavalry, of which only 100, 000 fought in the battle, while the rest were loaded into the fleet that was rounding Cape Sounion ; Plutarch and Pausanias both independently give 300, 000, as does the Suda dictionary.
Greek historian Plutarch discusses an argument between Chrysippus ( 3rd century BCE ) and Hipparchus ( 2nd century BCE ) of a rather delicate enumerative problem, which was later shown to be related to Schröder numbers.
Plutarch is the source also for the story that the victorious Spartan generals, having planned the demolition of Athens and the enslavement of its people, grew merciful after being entertained at a banquet by lyrics from Euripides's play Electra: " they felt that it would be a barbarous act to annihilate a city which produced such men " ( Life of Lysander )
By this, Plutarch probably means that as Plebeian Tribune, Metilius had the Plebeian Council, a popular assembly which only Tribunes could preside over, grant Minucius quasi-dictatorial powers.
Compare the carved and incised " sacred glyphs " hieroglyphs, which have had a longer history in English, dating from the first Elizabethan translation of Plutarch, who adopted " hieroglyphic " as a Latin adjective.
Other noteworthy and famous Greek historians include Plutarch ( 2nd century AD ), who wrote several biographies, the Parallel Lives, in which he wanted to assess the morality of its characters by comparing them in pairs, and Polybius ( 3nd century BC ), who developed Thucydides's method further, becoming one of the most objective historians of classical antiquity.
Plutarch recounts one version of the myth in which Set ( Osiris ' brother ), along with the Queen of Ethiopia, conspired with 72 accomplices to plot the assassination of Osiris.
Plutarch and others have noted that the sacrifices to Osiris were " gloomy, solemn, and mournful ..." ( Isis and Osiris, 69 ) and that the great mystery festival, celebrated in two phases, began at Abydos on the 17th of Athyr ( November 13 ) commemorating the death of the god, which was also the same day that grain was planted in the ground.
Plutarch mentions that ( for much later period ) two days after the beginning of the festival " the priests bring forth a sacred chest containing a small golden coffer, into which they pour some potable water ... and a great shout arises from the company for joy that Osiris is found ( or resurrected ).
The traditional account of Roman history, which has come down to us through Livy, Plutarch, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, and others, is that in Rome's first centuries it was ruled by a succession of seven kings.
Plutarch said the inhabitants of Caria carried the emblem of the rooster on the end of their lances and relates that origin to Artaxerxes, who awarded a Carian who was said to have killed Cyrus the Younger at the battle of Cunaxa in 401 B. C " the privilege of carrying ever after a golden cock upon his spear before the first ranks of the army in all expeditions " and the Carians also wore crested helmets at the time of Herodotus, for which reason " the Persians gave the Carians the name of cocks ".
Since it was his long-standing advocacy of Athenian naval power which enabled the Allied fleet to fight at all, and it was his stratagem that brought about the Battle of Salamis, it is probably not an exaggeration to say, as Plutarch does, that Themistocles " is thought to have been the man most instrumental in achieving the salvation of Hellas ".
In itself, this did not mean that Themistocles had done anything wrong ; ostracism, in the words of Plutarch, " was not a penalty, but a way of pacifying and alleviating that jealousy which delights to humble the eminent, breathing out its malice into this disfranchisement.
Thucydides and Plutarch say that Themistocles asked for a year's grace to learn the Persian language and customs, after which he would serve the king, and Artaxerxes granted this.
The Magnesians built a " splendid tomb " in their market place for Themistocles, which still stood during the time of Plutarch, and continued to dedicate part of their revenues to the family of Themistocles.
Plutarch also states that Spartans treated the Helots " harshly and cruelly ": they compelled them to drink pure wine ( which was considered dangerous – wine usually being cut with water ) "... and to lead them in that condition into their public halls, that the children might see what a sight a drunken man is ; they made them to dance low dances, and sing ridiculous songs ..." during syssitia ( obligatory banquets ).
The myth can be traced back to Plutarch, who includes no less than 17 " sayings " of " Spartan women ," all of which paraphrase or elaborate on the theme that Spartan mothers rejected their own offspring if they showed any kind of cowardice.
Plutarch, a Greek scholar who lived from 46 CE to 120 CE, wrote Isis and Osiris, which is considered a main source about the very late myths about Isis.
According to Plutarch, a seer had foreseen that Caesar would be harmed not later than the Ides of March ; and on his way to the Theatre of Pompey ( where he would be assassinated ), Caesar met the seer and joked, " The ides of March have come ", meaning to say that the prophecy had not been fulfilled, to which the seer replied " Aye, Caesar ; but not gone.
According to Plutarch, when Demosthenes first addressed himself to the people, he was derided for his strange and uncouth style, " which was cumbered with long sentences and tortured with formal arguments to a most harsh and disagreeable excess ".

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