File: Tomb of Pope Clement XIII Gregorovius. jpg | Tomb of Clement XIII

File: Tomb of Pope Clement XIV Gregorovius. jpg | Tomb of Clement XIV

* 1314 – Pope Clement V ( b. 1264 )

* 1652 – Pope Clement XII ( d. 1740 )

* Pope Clement VI ( 1291 – 1352, r. 1342 – 52 )

Immediately after his appointment as Cardinal, Pope Clement made him a Cardinal Inquisitor, in which capacity he served as one of the judges at the trial of Giordano Bruno, and concurred in the decision which condemned Bruno to be burned at the stake as a heretic.

Jacopo Buonaparte was a friend and advisor to Medici Pope Clement VII.

The Council entrusted to the Pope the implementation of its work ; as a result, Pope Pius IV issued the Tridentine Creed in 1565 ; and Pope Pius V issued in 1566 the Roman Catechism, in 1568 a revised Roman Breviary, and in 1570 a revised Roman Missal, thus standardizing what since the 20th century has been called the Tridentine Mass ( from the city's Latin name Tridentum ), and Pope Clement VIII issued in 1592 a revised edition of the Vulgate.

Under Pope Clement VII ( 1523 – 34 ), troops of the Catholic Holy Roman Emperor Charles V sacked Papal Rome in 1527, “ raping, killing, burning, stealing, the like had not been seen since the Vandals ”.

Pope Clement VII ( 1523 – 34 ) was vehemently against the idea of a council, agreeing with Francis I of France.

When Pope Clement VII refused to annul the marriage, Henry defied him by assuming supremacy over religious matters.

Clement studied under Pantaenus, and was ordained to the priesthood by Pope Julian before 189.

In 1533 he was allowed to accompany Dom Martinho de Portugal to Rome on an embassy to Pope Clement VII, to whom Father Álvares delivered the letter Lebna Dengel had written to the Pope.

Manfred is killed in the battle and Pope Clement IV invests Charles as king of Sicily and Naples.

In 1343 the interval between Holy Years was reduced by Pope Clement VI to fifty years.

The influence of the grateful new queen being actively exerted on Alberoni's behalf — the princesse des Ursins having been chased out — within not much more than a year Alberoni was made a duke and grandee of Spain, a member of the king's council, appointed bishop of Málaga, and in 1715 prime minister, and was made cardinal by Pope Clement XI, under pressure from the court of Spain, in July 1717.

He went to Italy, escaped from arrest at Genoa, and had to take refuge among the Apennines, Pope Clement XI, who was his bitter enemy, having given strict orders for his arrest.

In 1343 he had been sent to Pope Clement VI at Avignon to negotiate a grant of a tax on the revenues of the Church for the Crusade.

In August 1524 Pope Clement VII appointed Aleandro the Archbishop of Brindisi, for which office he was ordained to the priesthood two months later.

# REDIRECT Pope Alexander VIII

In the list of popes given in the Holy See's annual directory, Annuario Pontificio, the following note is attached to the name of Pope Leo VIII ( 963 – 965 ): At this point, as again in the mid-eleventh century, we come across elections in which problems of harmonising historical criteria and those of theology and canon law make it impossible to decide clearly which side possessed the legitimacy whose factual existence guarantees the unbroken lawful succession of the successors of Saint Peter.

With the death of the Barberini Pope Urban VIII in 1644 and the accession of the Pamphilj Pope Innocent X, the Barberini family and their favorite artist, Bernini, fell into disrepute.

* 1303 – The University of Rome La Sapienza is instituted by Pope Boniface VIII.

During the English Reformation the Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church, at first temporarily under Henry VIII and Edward VI and later permanently during the reign of Elizabeth I.

Eventually, the Knights handed Cem over to Pope Innocent VIII ( 1484 – 1492 ).

In 1830, Pope Pius VIII bestowed upon Bernard the title " Doctor of the Church ".

Pope Benedict VIII during his visit to Bamberg ( 1020 ) placed the diocese in direct dependence on the Holy See.

Some notable collectors were Pope Boniface VIII, Emperor Maximilian of the Holy Roman Empire, Louis XIV of France, Ferdinand I, Henry IV of France and Elector Joachim II of Brandenburg, who started the Berlin Coin Cabinet ( German: Münzkabinett Berlin ).

The first native Croatian ruler recognised by the Pope was duke Branimir, whom Pope John VIII referred to as Dux Croatorum (" Duke of Croats ") in 879.

The latter three appealed to Pope Boniface VIII who ordered Jacopo to return the land, and furthermore hand over the family's strongholds of Colonna, Palestrina, and other towns to the Papacy.

Family enmity with Pope Boniface VIII led to destruction of the fortress at Palestrina and to the seizure of the Pope at Anagni by Sciarra Colonna in 1303.

In 1627 Anna Colonna, daughter of Filippo I Colonna, married Taddeo Barberini of the family Barberini ; nephew of Pope Urban VIII.

* 1187 – Pope Gregory VIII

That dynasty ended in 1626 when Pope Urban VIII incorporated Urbino into the papal dominions.

* 1484 – Pope Innocent VIII issues the Summis desiderantes, a papal bull that deputizes Heinrich Kramer and James Sprenger as inquisitors to root out alleged witchcraft in Germany and leads to one of the most oppressive witch hunts in European history.

* 1830 – Pope Pius VIII ( b. 1761 )

* 1294 – Pope Boniface VIII is elected Pope, replacing St. Celestine V, who had resigned.

In addition to performing for the Pope, the singer participated in a live broadcast on British television for Christmas Eve in 1997, before she flew home to County Donegal to join her family at midnight Mass.

Joinville was a close friend, confidant, and counsellor to the king, and also participated as a witness in the papal inquest into Louis ' life that ended with his canonisation in 1297 by Pope Boniface VIII.

Cardinal Piccolomini participated in the conclave that elected Pope Paul II ( 1464 – 71 ) in 1464, but was absent when Pope Sixtus IV ( 1471 – 84 ) was elected in 1471.

In 1046, he accompanied King Henry III on his campaign to Italy and in December, participated in the Council of Sutri, which deposed former Popes Benedict IX and Sylvester III and persuaded Pope Gregory VI to resign.

However, in February 1468, Platina was again imprisoned on the charge of having participated in a conspiracy against the Pope, and was tortured along with other abbreviators, such as Filip Callimachus, who fled to Poland in 1478, all of whom had been accused of pagan views.

In 1984, Vaughan participated in one of the more unusual projects of her career, The Planet is Alive, Let It Live a symphonic piece composed by Tito Fontana and Sante Palumbo on Italian translations of Polish poems by Karol Wojtyla, the future Pope John Paul II.

On January 17, 2004, the Pittsburgh Symphony participated in the historic Papal Concert of Reconciliation, becoming the first American orchestra to perform for a Pope at the Vatican.

Similar to the visit of his predecessor Pope John Paul II in 2000, Pope Benedict XVI's visit took place in the Hall of Remembrance at Yad Vashem, where he participated in a memorial ceremony, delivering an address and greeting six Holocaust survivors and one of the Righteous Among the Nations.

Spellman participated in the 1958 papal conclave, which elected Pope John XXIII.

Spellman, following the death of John XXIII, participated in the conclave of 1963, which resulted in the election of Pope Paul VI.

He was one of the cardinal electors who participated in the 1914 papal conclave, which selected Pope Benedict XV.

Mundelein served as papal legate to the eighth National Eucharistic Congress in New Orleans, Louisiana, on September 13, 1938, and was one of the cardinal electors who participated in the 1939 papal conclave, which selected Pope Pius XII.

Later, they moved to Puerto Rico where she participated in different musicals including Godspell, Jubilee and Show Boat in addition to singing with the chorus of Jubilee, which was invited by Pope Paul VI to sing at St. Peter ’ s Basilica as part of the celebration of the 1975 Holy Year.

He himself had participated in an insurrection in the Papal States against the Pope in 1831, but at this point he was under intense pressure from ultramontane French Catholics, who had voted overwhelmingly for him.

When Pope John Paul II died on 2 April 2005, Sodano, who participated in the 2005 papal conclave, was not generally seen as one of the papabili, the cardinals likely to become the next pope.

Szoka was one of the cardinal electors who participated in the 2005 papal conclave that selected Pope Benedict XVI.

He was one of the cardinal electors who participated in the 2005 papal conclave that elected Pope Benedict XVI.

The next year he was a signatory to a letter to the Pope, rejecting Rome's authority over the Scottish question, and also participated in negotiations with the French over the release of the Scottish King John Balliol.

In his encyclical Ad Apostolorum Principis of 29 July 1958, Pope Pius XII deplored the attitude and activities of the Association and declared the bishops who participated in consecrating new bishops selected by the Association to be excommunicated.

Weinandy participated in a telephone press conference with scholars from Catholic, Protestant and Jewish backgrounds the day before the release of Pope Benedict XVI ’ s book Jesus of Nazareth: Holy Week.

He attended the First Vatican Council during 1869-1870 ( Vaticanum I ), where he participated in the drafting of the structure of faith, and in discussions on the infallibility of the Pope, and the composition of the Church, as well as other issues of disciplinary nature.

The Cardinal convinced President Manuel L. Quezon to renounce Freemasonry for Catholicism in 1934, served as papal legate to the thirty-third International Eucharistic Congress in Manila on January 1, 1937, and participated in the conclave of 1939, which selected Pope Pius XII.