John Adams fashioned much of pre-Revolutionary radical ideology, wrote the constitution of his home state of Massachusetts, negotiated, with Franklin and Jay, the peace with Britain and served as our first Vice President and our second President.

It had required the approval of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt before the John Harvey could be loaded with 100 tons of mustard gas and despatched to the Italian warfront.

In 1855 President Franklin Pierce appointed him colonel of the new 2nd U. S. Cavalry ( the unit that preceded the modern 5th U. S .), a new regiment, which he organized.

* 1945 – U. S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt dies while in office ; vice-president Harry Truman is sworn in as the 33rd President.

* 1939 – NBC inaugurates its regularly scheduled television service in New York City, broadcasting President Franklin D. Roosevelt's N. Y. World's Fair opening day ceremonial address.

* 1938 – The Thousand Islands Bridge, connecting New York, United States with Ontario, Canada over the Saint Lawrence River, is dedicated by U. S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

* 1933 – U. S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs two executive orders: 6101 to establish the Civilian Conservation Corps, and 6102 " forbidding the Hoarding of Gold Coin, Gold Bullion, and Gold Certificates " by U. S. citizens.

* 1943 – U. S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, in an attempt to check inflation, freezes wages and prices, prohibits workers from changing jobs unless the war effort would be aided thereby, and bars rate increases by common carriers and public utilities.

In the 1996 presidential election, Clinton was re-elected, receiving 49. 2 % of the popular vote over Republican Bob Dole ( 40. 7 % of the popular vote ) and Reform candidate Ross Perot ( 8. 4 % of the popular vote ), becoming the first Democratic incumbent since Lyndon Johnson to be elected to a second term and the first Democrat since Franklin Roosevelt to be elected President more than once.

President Franklin D. Roosevelt placed George W. Merck in charge of the effort to create a development program.

General George C. Marshall, in a memorandum to President Franklin D. Roosevelt dated 3 February 1944, wrote

Image: FDR in 1933. jpg | Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the United States, Columbia Law School

The United States adopted a non-interventionist foreign policy from 1932 to 1938, but then President Franklin D. Roosevelt moved toward strong support of the Allies in their wars against Germany and Japan.

The shield was cast by American metallurgist Dr. Myron MacLain, who was contracted by the U. S. government, from orders of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, to create an impenetrable substance to use for tanks during World War II.

A part of the New Deal of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, it provided unskilled manual labor jobs related to the conservation and development of natural resources in rural lands owned by federal, state and local governments.

* 1941 – United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt declares December 7 to be " a date which will live in infamy ", after which the U. S. and the Republic of China declare war against Japan.

His successor is Mr. John Anderson Fry, formerly the president of Franklin & Marshall College and the Executive Vice President of University of Pennsylvania.

* 1941 – U. S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs a bill establishing the fourth Thursday in November as Thanksgiving Day in the United States.

United States Executive Order 9066 was a United States presidential executive order signed and issued during World War II by U. S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt on February 19, 1942, authorizing the Secretary of War to prescribe certain areas as military zones.

In August 1939 Leó Szilárd had prepared and Albert Einstein signed the famous letter warning President Franklin D. Roosevelt of the probability that the Nazis were planning to build an atomic bomb.

President Franklin Roosevelt was a fan of folk music, hosted folk concerts at the White House and often patronized folk festivals.

Plagued by a paralytic illness, President Franklin D. Roosevelt was not free to travel around the country, so Mrs. Roosevelt assumed this role.

First conceived during the Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower as a three-man spacecraft to follow the one-man Project Mercury which put the first Americans in space, Apollo was later dedicated to President John F. Kennedy's national goal of " landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth " by the end of the 1960s, which he proposed in a May 25, 1961 address to Congress.

* 1959 – President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs an executive order proclaiming Hawaii the 50th state of the union.

* 1974 – 10, 000 march in Washington, D. C., calling for the impeachment of US President Richard Nixon

* 1978 – Former United States President Nixon aide John D. Ehrlichman is released from an Arizona prison after serving 18 months for Watergate-related crimes.

* 1954 – President Dwight D. Eisenhower gives his " domino theory " speech during a news conference.

He served as chairman of the Cartoonists ' Committee in President Dwight D. Eisenhower's People-to-People program in 1954 ( although Capp had actually supported Adlai Stevenson for president in 1952 and 1956 ), which was organized to promote Savings bonds for the U. S. Treasury.

Clinton remained popular with the public throughout his two terms as President, ending his presidential career with a 65 % approval rating, the highest end-of-term approval rating of any President since Dwight D. Eisenhower.

* Jewett, Aubrey W. and Marc D. Turetzky ; " Stability and Change in President Clinton's Foreign Policy Beliefs, 1993 – 96 " Presidential Studies Quarterly, Vol.

Other more recent political figures educated at Columbia include U. S President Barack Obama, Associate Justice of the U. S. Supreme Court Ruth Bader Ginsburg, former U. S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright, former chairman of the U. S. Federal Reserve Bank Alan Greenspan, U. S. Attorney General Eric Holder, and U. S. Solicitor General Donald Verrilli Jr .. Dwight D. Eisenhower served as the thirteenth president of Columbia University from 1948 to 1953.

File: David Eisenhower in Camp David. jpg | David Eisenhower ( age 12 ), grandson of President Dwight D. Eisenhower, poses with sign at presidential retreat named in his honor, 1960

Image: NSC_meeting. jpg | President Dwight D. Eisenhower meets with his National Security Council at Laurel Lodge, 1955

In the United States, the administration of President William Howard Taft was progressive conservative and he described himself as " a believer in progressive conservatism " and President Dwight D. Eisenhower declared himself an advocate of " progressive conservatism ".

Chiang with U. S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower in June 1960.

This seems like an attitude favoring a sort of totalitarian bureaucracy which, under a President of the same stamp, would try to coerce an uncooperative Congress or Supreme Court.

For lawyers, reflecting perhaps their parochial preferences, there has been a special fascination since then in the role played by the Supreme Court in that transformation -- the manner in which its decisions altered in `` the switch in time that saved nine '', President Roosevelt's ill-starred but in effect victorious `` Court-packing plan '', the imprimatur of judicial approval that was finally placed upon social legislation.

to the Joint War Room of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in the Pentagon and to the President.

Only the President is permitted to authorize the use of nuclear weapons.

The President cannot personally remove the safety devices from every nuclear trigger.

Even the President cannot pick up his telephone and give a `` go '' order.

All could help the President make his decision.

That test, as President Kennedy forthrightly depicted it in his State of the Union message, will determine `` whether a nation organized and governed such as ours can endure ''.

Retiring to his beloved Mount Vernon, he returned to preside over the Federal Convention, and was the only man in history to be unanimously elected President.

His political opponent and lifetime friend, Thomas Jefferson, achieved immortality through his authorship of the Declaration of Independence, but equally notable were the legal and constitutional reforms he instituted in his native Virginia, his role as father of our territorial system, and his acquisition of the Louisiana Territory during his first term as President.

Their President, Jefferson Davis, interpreted their Constitution to mean that it `` admits of no coerced association '', but this remained so doubtful that `` there were frequent demands that the right to secede be put into the Constitution ''.

'' The other important difference between the two Constitutions was that the President of the Confederacy held office for six ( instead of four ) years, and was limited to one term.

The contributors to this testament were all well-known: a former Democratic candidate for President, a New Deal poet, the magazine's chief editorial writer, two newspaper columnists, head of a national broadcasting company, a popular Protestant evangelist, etc..

I will reserve discussion of it for a moment, however, to return to President Kennedy.

For a time the President received hundreds of them every day, most of them worthless.

Because the responsibility for resolving the issue lay with the President, rather than with his doctors, nothing raises more surely for us the difficulties simple goodness faces in dealing with complex moral problems under political pressure.

For the President had dealt with the matter humbly, in what he conceived as the democratic way.

Any attempt to reconcile this statement of the central issue in the campaign of 1956 with the nature of the man who could not conceive it as the central issue will at least resolve our confusions about the chaotic and misleading results of the earnestness of both doctors and President in a situation which should never have arisen.

It is of the utmost importance to the people of America and of the world how their governing President `` ends up '' during the four years of his term.

`` I may possibly be a greater risk than is the normal person of my age '', the President had said on February 29th of the election year, ignoring the fact that no one of his age had ever lived out another term.

Ironically no president we have had would have regretted more than President Eisenhower the possibility to which his own words, in the press conference held at the beginning of August, testified: that unable as he was himself to say his running was best for the country, unconsciously he had placed his party before his nation.

Only recently, and perhaps because a television debate can so effectively dramatize President Kennedy's extraordinary mastery of detail, have the abilities on which the capacity for making distinctions depend begun to be clearly discernible at the level of politics.

Mr. Nehru is subjected to stern lectures on neutralism by our Department of State, and an American President observes sourly that Sweden would be a little less neurotic if it were a little more capitalistic ''.