By springtime, he was supported by a rich merchant syndicate under the patronage of Henry, Prince of Wales.

Finished on April 24, 1459, it was sent to Portugal with a letter to Prince Henry the Navigator, Afonso's uncle, encouraging further funding of exploration trips.

* Alfonso of Castile, Prince of Asturias, figurehead of rebelling magnates against his brother King Henry IV of Castile.

His fellow Knights of the Garter created in 1867 were Charles Gordon-Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond, Charles Manners, 6th Duke of Rutland, Henry Somerset, 8th Duke of Beaufort, Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, Franz Joseph I of Austria and Alexander II of Russia.

* Prince Sixtus Henry of Bourbon-Parma, Carlist pretender to Spain since 1979.

* Prince Henry, Count of Paris, Legitimist ( Blancs d ' Eu ) and Orléanist pretender to France since 1999.

Catharine of Aragon ( Castilian: Catalina de Aragón ; ; 16 December 1485 – 7 January 1536 ) was the Spanish Queen consort of England as the first wife of King Henry VIII of England and Princess of Wales as the wife to Arthur, Prince of Wales.

At an early age, Catherine was considered a suitable wife for Arthur, Prince of Wales, the eldest son of Henry VII of England and heir to the throne, due to the English ancestry she inherited from her mother Queen Isabella I of Castile.

In December 1514, she had another son, Prince Henry who died shortly after birth.

Charles was not as valued as his physically stronger, elder brother, Henry, Prince of Wales, whom Charles personally adored and attempted to emulate.

The Battle of Muret was a massive step in the creation of the unified French kingdom and the country we know today — although Edward III, the Black Prince and Henry V would threaten later to shake these foundations.

At the end of June 1703 Gundaker Starhemberg replaced Gotthard Salaburg as President of the Treasury, and Prince Eugene succeeded Henry Mansfeld as the new President of the Imperial War Council ( Hofkriegsratspräsident ).

In Henry IV, part 1, act II, scene iv, he has Falstaff call Prince Henry, " you starveling, you elfskin!

Eleven days after Anne Boleyn's death, Henry married Jane Seymour, but she died shortly after the birth of their son, Prince Edward, in 1537.

In the two Henry IV plays, he is a companion to Prince Hal, the future King Henry V. A fat, vain, boastful, and cowardly knight, Falstaff leads the apparently wayward Prince Hal into trouble, and is ultimately repudiated after Hal becomes king.

In the published version of Henry IV, Part 1, Falstaff's name is always unmetrical, suggesting a name change after the original composition ; Prince Hal refers to Falstaff as " my old lad of the castle " in the first act of the play ; the epilogue to Henry IV, Part II, moreover, explicitly disavows any connection between Falstaff and Oldcastle, a dancer declaring: "... where, for anything I know, Falstaff shall die of a sweat, unless already ' a be killed with your hard opinions ; for Oldcastle died a martyr and this is not the man ".

* Gray's Inn Christmas / New Year Revels: The High and Mighty Prince Henry, Prince of Purpoole ( 1594-5 ) ( See Gesta Grayorum )

He afterwards became the confidential counsellor of Maurice, Prince of Orange, and afterwards of Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, in their conduct of the foreign affairs of the republic.

For example, No. 56 printed the patent giving the Electoral Prince the title of Duke of Cambridge.

At the order of the Dowager Electress, the Hanoverian agents, supported by the Whig leaders, demanded that a writ of summons be issued which would call the Duke to England to sit in Parliament, thus further insuring the Succession by establishing a Hanoverian Prince in England before the Queen's death.

* 2011 – Wedding of Prince William, Duke of Cambridge and Kate Middleton.

* Prince George, Duke of Kent ( 1902 – 1942 )

* Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester ( born 1944 )

* Leonora d ' Aragona, who married circa 1443, Mariano Marzano, Duke of Squillace, Prince of Rossano.

However, Andrew denied to transfer the agreed territories to Duke Leszek I who made an alliance with Prince Mstilav of Novgorod and they drove away Andrew's troops from the principality.

In 1229, Prince Danylo of Halych expelled Andrew's youngest son from his principality, while Frederick II, Duke of Austria started to attack the western borders of the kingdom in 1230.

However, Mary II died childless in 1694, after which William III did not remarry, and Princess Anne's last surviving child, Prince William, Duke of Gloucester, died six years later, after which it was unlikely she would have any more children due to her age and the large number of miscarriages she had previously suffered.

The current most senior living descendant of the Electress Sophia who is ineligible to succeed due to the act is George Windsor, Earl of St Andrews, the eldest son of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, who married the Roman Catholic Sylvana Palma Tomaselli in 1988 ; he would now be 29th in the lines of succession if he had not lost his place.

Excluding those princesses who have married into overseas Roman Catholic royal families, only one member of the Royal Family ( that is, with the style of Royal Highness ) has converted to Roman Catholicism since the passage of the act: the Duchess of Kent, wife of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent.

In the United Kingdom, His Majesty's Declaration of Abdication Act was, with the consent of the Australian, Canadian, New Zealand, and South African governments, passed through parliament and the Crown thus passed to the next-in-line descendant of Sophia: Edward's brother, Prince Albert, Duke of York.

Cardinal Murphy-O ' Connor, the leader of the Roman Catholic Church in England, pointed out that Prince William ( later the Duke of Cambridge ) " can marry by law a Hindu, a Buddhist, anyone, but not a Roman Catholic ".

* 1853 – Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany, ( d. 1884 )

Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, is currently the only living holder of the rank of Field Marshal in the Australian Army.

On 10 June, the Duke met for the first time the President of the Imperial War Council, Prince Eugene – accompanied by Count Wratislaw – at the village of Mundelsheim, half-way between the Danube and the Rhine.

The guns were heard by Baden in his camp before Ingolstadt, " The Prince and the Duke are engaged today to the westward ", he wrote to the Emperor.

The first option ( although it is debatable to what extent the Duke was committed to such an enterprise ) was a plan to transfer his forces from the Spanish Netherlands to northern Italy ; once there, he intended linking up with Prince Eugene in order to defeat the French and safeguard Savoy from being overrun.

Others who were either killed or captured at the actual Battle were as follows: King Jean II ; Prince Philip ( youngest son and progenitor of the House of Valois-Burgundy ), Geoffroi de Charny, carrier of the Oriflamme, Peter I, Duke of Bourbon, Walter VI, Count of Brienne and Constable of France, Jean de Clermont, Marshal of France, Arnoul d ' Audrehem, the Count of Eu, the Count of Marche and Ponthieu Jacques de Bourbon taken prisoner at the Battle and died 1361, the Count of Étampes, the Count of Tancarville, the Count of Dammartin, the Count of Joinville, Guillaume de Melun, Archbishop of Sens.

In such cases it is the prime minister who holds the day-to-day powers of governance, while the King or Queen ( or other monarch, such as a Grand Duke, in the case of Luxembourg, or Prince in the case of Monaco and Liechtenstein ) retains only residual ( but not always minor ) powers.

Prince William, Duke of Cambridge | The Duke and Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge | Duchess of Cambridge at the official Canada Day celebration in Ottawa, 2011

On 4 August 1265 Montfort faced an army led by Prince Edward ( the later King Edward I ) and the powerful earl of Gloucester, who had recently defected to the royalist side, at the Battle of Evesham.

* 1900 – Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester ( d. 1974 )

He is the only Australian ever appointed to this order, although three British governors-general of Australia ( Lord Hopetoun ; Sir Ronald Munro Ferguson, later Lord Novar ; and Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester ) were members.

Two members of the British Royal Family have studied at Trinity and been awarded degrees as a result: Prince William of Gloucester and Edinburgh, who gained an MA in 1790, and Prince Charles, who was awarded a lower second class BA in 1970.

Other British Royal family members have studied there without obtaining degrees, including King Edward VII, King George VI, and Prince Henry of Gloucester.

* December 18 – Prince William of Gloucester

* March 31 – Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester ( d. 1974 )

* June 10 – Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester, Governor-General of Australia ( b. 1900 )

* August 28 – Prince William of Gloucester ( b. 1941 )

* Richard Plantagenet, Duke of Gloucester ( 1452 – 1483 ), English Prince, Yorkist commander, and future King of England

* HRH Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester ( widow of HRH The Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester, and mother to the present Duke of Gloucester )

********* HRH The Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester ( 1900 – 1974 )

********** HRH Prince William of Gloucester ( 1941 – 1972 )

**** HRH Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh ( 1743 – 1805 )

***** HRH Prince William Frederick, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh ( 1776 – 1834 )

The Duke of Gloucester, The Duke of Kent, Princess Alexandra, The Hon Lady Ogilvy and Prince Michael of Kent enjoy the titular dignity of Prince or Princess and the style Royal Highness as male-line grandchildren of HM King George V. However, none of their children ( being only great-grandchildren of a monarch ) have royal titles.

On 24 July 1689, Anne gave birth to a son, Prince William, Duke of Gloucester, who, though ill, survived infancy.

Courtier and journalist Dermot Morrah alleged that there was brief speculation as to the desirability of bypassing Albert ( and his children ) and his brother, Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester, in favour of their younger brother Prince George, Duke of Kent.