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Prior to the Phanerozoic ( before 544 Ma ), it is believed that microbial or inorganic processes weakly regulated the ocean's silicon cycle .< ref name = grenne03 > Subsequently, the cycle appears dominated ( and more strongly regulated ) by the radiolarians and siliceous sponges, the former as zooplankton, the latter as sedentary filter feeders primarily on the continental shelves.
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Prior and before
Prior to this — before the Second World War — he was content with the role of an apolitical liberal intellectual: " Now teaching at a lycée in Laon [...] Sartre made his headquarters the Dome café at the crossing of Montparnasse and Raspail boulevards.
Prior to 1931, eleven times the Preakness was run before the Derby.
Prior to the 1980s, heroin was typically transported from Burma to Thailand, before being trafficked by sea to Hong Kong, which was and still remains the major transit point at which heroin enters the international market.
Prior to the discovery of the Rosetta Stone and its eventual decipherment, there had been no understanding of the Ancient Egyptian language and script since shortly before the fall of the Roman Empire.
Prior to Return to Flight, NASA Administrator Sean O ' Keefe declared that all future flights of the shuttle would go to the ISS, precluding the possibility of executing the final Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission which had been scheduled before the Columbia accident, despite the fact that millions of dollars worth of upgrade equipment for Hubble were ready and waiting in NASA warehouses.
Prior to 1932, the Preakness was run before the Derby eleven times.
Prior to 1931, eleven times the Preakness was run before the Derby.
He took a year to consider what action to take, before writing to the Prior of Bath in October 1500 to explain that a large amount of the priory income would be dedicated to rebuilding the cathedral.
Prior to this, between 1947 and 1998, it was the capital of the Bydgoszcz Voivodeship, and before that, of the Pomeranian Voivodeship between 1945 and 1947.
Prior to public service, McNamara was one of the " Whiz Kids " who helped rebuild Ford Motor Company after World War II, and briefly served as Ford's President before becoming Secretary of Defense.
Prior to the redevelopment of the Melbourne Cricket Ground between 2002 and 2006, spectators seated in the Members ' Stand ( reserved for members of the Melbourne Cricket Club ) would not participate in a Mexican wave, and would be booed by other spectators at the ground, before the wave would resume on the other side of the stand.
Prior to Ipsus, he had never before lost a battle.
Prior to 1229, Heston was part of the parish of Gistleworth ( Isleworth ) before being taken by Henry III, who subsequently granted it to the Earl of Cornwall.
Prior to Marcellus, the spolia opima was not of special importance in the minds of Romans because it had happened only twice before, if at all.
Prior to that time, the territory now included in Badger Township was within the watershed of the Red River Valley and hence technically a part of Rupert's Land and Assiniboia before becoming part of British Canada as a result of the boundary settlement in the Treaty of 1818, a which fixed the international border at the 49th parallel north from the Northwest Angle of Lake of the Woods westward to the Rocky Mountains.
Prior to 1929, high school students attended Central High School in Paterson, before the Board of Education voted to send students to Ramsey High School in Ramsey instead.
Prior to MRP, and before computers dominated industry, reorder-point / reorder-quantity ( ROP / ROQ ) type methods like EOQ ( Economic Order Quantity ) had been used in manufacturing and inventory management.
Prior to the 1820s, Norwich was served by vessels using the River Yare, which flows through Breydon Water before joining the River Bure and then the North Sea near Great Yarmouth.
Prior to the end of the last ice age the Purbeck Hills were continuous with the Isle of Wight and the Frome would have continued east through what is now Poole Harbour and Poole Bay, into The Solent, collecting the Stour, Beaulieu, Test and Itchen, before flowing into the Channel east of what is now the Isle of Wight.
Prior to 1918, the name was written " Saude " or ( before 1862 ) " Søfde ".
Prior to Keith's signing with Sparrow Records and two years before the release of " No Compromise ", Tommy James ( of Tommy James and the Shondells ) released " Don't Wanna Fall Away From You " on his 1976 Fantasy album titled " In Touch ".
Prior to a discussion of his raids against the Japanese positions in the Marshall Islands, Halsey told the young midshipmen before him, " Missing the Battle of Midway has been the greatest disappointment of my career, but I am going back to the Pacific where I intend personally to have a crack at those yellow bellied sons of bitches and their carriers ," to the rousing applause of the assembled midshipmen.
Prior to Warren Mears ' first appearance, he attended Sunnydale High for a semester at the same time as Willow, Xander, and Buffy, before leaving Sunnydale to attend a tech college over in Dutton.
Prior to this, wine would be sold by the barrel ( and before that, the amphora ) and put into bottles only at the merchant's shop, if at all.
Prior and Ma
Prior to the ceding of Kowloon to the British in 1860, Yau Ma Tei was a beach and a bay gathering many Tanka fishermen.
Prior to the opening of the Tsing Ma Bridge, the buses of Long Win were used during rush hour to provide additional buses.
Prior to July 2005, he was, along with Ma Ying-jeou touted as possible presidential candidates for 2008.
Prior to 65 Ma ago, the fauna included dinosaurs, pterosaurs and marine reptiles such as mosasaurs, elasmosaurs and plesiosaurs.
Prior to that, Ma Yuan contributed to Emperor Guangwu's defeat of the warlord Wei Xiao ( 隗囂 ), who controlled the modern eastern Gansu region.
Prior guest stars have included Nadja Salerno-Sonnenberg, Yo-Yo Ma, Lang Lang, Sarah Chang, Renee Fleming, The Chieftains, and many others.
Prior and ),
His extant commentaries are on Prior Analytics ( Book 1 ), Topics, Meteorology, Sense and Sensibilia, and Metaphysics ( Books 1-5 ).
Prior to his death, according to the Book of Jubilees, Amram was among those who went to Egypt and recovered the bones of the sons of his grandfather and great uncles ( excluding those of Joseph which had already been brought to Canaan ), so that they could be reburied in the cave of Machpelah.
Prior to 31 December 2010, deposits with building societies of up to £ 50, 000 per individual, per institution, were normally protected by the Financial Services Compensation Scheme ( FSCS ), but Nationwide and Yorkshire Building Societies negotiated a temporary change to the terms of the FSCS to protect members of the societies they acquired in late 2008 / early 2009.
Prior to 1989, use of a copyright notice — consisting of the copyright symbol (, the letter C inside a circle ), the abbreviation " Copr.
* Jones, D. and H. Michaelis ( 1913 ), " A Phonetic Dictionary of the English Language ", Hanover-Berlin: Carl Meyer and Gustav Prior ; rpt in Jones ( 2002 ).
Prior to the modern proliferation of environmental regulation, the doctrines of nuisance ( public or private ), trespass, negligence, and strict liability apportioned harm and assigned liability for activities that today would be considered pollution and likely governed by regulatory regimes.
Prior to Nazism, however, the term was used throughout Germanic language countries without negative connotations ( e. g. in Hermann Broch's novel The Sleepwalkers ), or often to refer to their homelands much as the word " motherland " does.
Prior to the Seven Years ' War ( 1756 – 63 ), the economy of Saint-Domingue gradually expanded, with sugar and, later, coffee becoming important export crops.
Prior uses of machine readable media had been for control ( automatons such as piano rolls or looms ), not data.
Prior to 1979, the symbol < span style =" font-size: 112 %"></ span > ( script small l, U + 2113 ), came into common use in some countries ; for example, it was recommended by South African Bureau of Standards publication M33 and Canada in the 1970s.
Prior to that, his last produced play was The Tik-Tok Man of Oz ( based on Ozma of Oz and the basis for Tik-Tok of Oz ), a modest success in Hollywood that producer Oliver Morosco decided did not do well enough to take to Broadway.
Prior to the codification of the standard language ( Standard Macedonian ), Macedonian dialects were described by linguists as being either dialects of Bulgarian or Serbian.
Prior to the 18th century, Afghans have served in the militaries of the Ghaznavids ( 963 – 1187 ), Ghurids ( 1148 – 1215 ), Delhi Sultanate ( 1206 – 1527 ) and the Mughal Empire of India ( 1526 – 1858 ) as well as in the army of the Persian Empire.
Prior to the formation of the OSS ( the American version of the British Secret Intelligence Service and Special Operations Executive ), American intelligence had been conducted on an ad-hoc basis by the various departments of the executive branch, including the State, Treasury, Navy, and War Departments.
* Summer Solstice ( album ), 1971 folk music album by Maddy Prior and Tim Hart
Prior to the taro leaf blight, Samoa's exports consisted of taro ($ 1. 1 million ), coconut cream ($ 540, 000 ), and " other " ($ 350, 000 ).
Prior to its affiliation with The Greens – European Free Alliance, the SNP had previously been allied with the European Progressive Democrats ( until 1984 ), Rainbow Group ( 1989 – 1994 ) and European Radical Alliance ( 1994 – 1999 ).
Prior to major Taiwanese economic success, the mountainous areas held several endemic animal species and subspecies, such as the Swinhoe's Pheasant ( Lophura swinhoii ), Taiwan blue magpie ( Urocissa caerulea ), Formosan Black Bear ( Selanarctos thibetanus formosanus ), the Formosan Sika Deer ( Cervus nippon taiwanensis or Cervus nippon taiouanus ) and the Formosan landlocked salmon ( Oncorhynchus masou formosanus ).
Prior to Michelangelo's involvement, the Overseers of the Office of Works of the Duomo ( Operai ), consisting mostly of members of the influential woolen cloth guild, the Arte della Lana, had plans to commission a series of twelve large Old Testament sculptures for the buttresses of the cathedral of Santa Maria Del Fiore.
Prior to 1993, the U. S. Army employed the Commercial Heavy Equipment Transporter ( C-HET ), which consists of either the M746 or the M911 truck tractor, with the M747 semitrailer.
Prior to this, many nonwhite immigrants with full rights of citizenship in Britain were obliged to take the jobs that no one else wanted ( such as street cleaning, night-shift assembly production lines ), often paid considerably less than their white counterparts.
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