Prior to the Revolution, New Englanders consumed large quantities of rum and beer, as maritime trade provided them relatively easy access to the goods needed to produce these items: Rum was the distilled spirit of choice, as the main ingredient, molasses, was readily available from trade with the West Indies.

Prior to this period, the College had clung to traditional methods of instruction and was relatively poorly funded.

Prior to the discovery of the bodies in Lindow Moss, British bog bodies had been a relatively neglected subject compared to European examples.

Prior to 1990, the only specialty performing laparoscopy on a widespread basis was gynecology, mostly for relatively short, simple procedures such as a diagnostic laparoscopy or tubal ligation.

Prior to the welded side seam, the can body was folded and / or soldered together, leaving a relatively thick side seam.

Prior to this timing change, a break of 2ms in the circuit would fire the light, which is one reason the flick hit worked so frequently if properly executed – even a relatively flat hit on the back would move the tip around inside the barrel enough for that momentary break in the circuit and fire the light.

Prior to major hydrologic modifications that began in the early 1900s, the river was wider and deeper and generally flowed more slowly due to a relatively small difference in elevation between Lake Sammamish and Lake Washington.

Prior to the 1960s, Atlantic bluefin fisheries were relatively small scale, and populations remained stable.

Prior to 2006, Knollenberg's election was widely considered to be relatively easy given the traditionally Republican leanings of Troy, the largest city in his district.

Prior to the Municipal Corporations Act there were relatively few boroughs in the county.

Prior to this expansion, University Heights was a relatively affluent residential neighborhood of Newark.

Prior to infection, the heartwood is relatively light and pale coloured ; however, as the infection progresses, the tree produces a dark aromatic resin in response to the attack, which results in a very dense, dark, resin embedded heartwood.

Prior to the Time of Troubles Torm was a relatively obscure minor demipower who served Tyr.

Prior to this time, white emigrants passed relatively harmoniously through the area ( known scornfully as the Great American Desert ) on their way along the California, Mormon, and the Oregon Trails.

Prior to the arrival of railroads in the American West in the 1880s and 1890s, cattle and sheep grazing had a relatively low impact in this sort of terrain because livestock could not be transported to markets on the east and west coasts.

Prior to taking that position Zelasko had a relatively lengthy career working for Fox Sports as a reporter and analyst for various programs.

Prior to recent years, science fiction television shows were normally centered around a premise and characters were defined essentially based on what they did or encountered in the course of their adventures.

Prior to then, Essendon had ( and still have ) one of the worst records amongst current AFL clubs against Geelong in recent times, having only beaten the Cats once since 2003.

Prior to 1975, and occasionally in more recent work, Post Keynesian could simply mean economics carried out after 1936, the date of Keynes's The General Theory.

Prior to the arrival of the missionaries, some 550 natives were scattered throughout the local area ; by 1790, the number of converted Christians had grown to 700, and just six years later nearly 1, 000 " neophytes " ( recent converts ) lived in or around the Mission compound.

In recent years, the SMSC has paid the City of Prior Lake for the cost of those emergency services on a voluntary basis.

Bradwardine's theories on the insolubles including the liar paradox were a great influence on the work of Jean Buridan and therefore, in turn of the more recent philosopher A. N. Prior.

Prior to the recent rise in MPEG-4 encoding in consumer devices, a progressive scan form of M-JPEG also saw widespread use in the “ movie ” modes of Digital Still Cameras, allowing video encoding and playback through the integrated JPEG compression hardware with only a software modification.

Prior to recent history most postgraduate education in the United States was accomplished using the mentor system.

They believe that “ The emergent ideology is a perversion of the Word of God and the doctrine of the Church of the Nazarene .” The group circulated a petition to members of the denomination, which was presented by 500 members to the Board of General Superintendents in January 2009, with the desire that “ Our fervent hope and prayer is that the General Superintendents will respond by purging our denomination of the emergent cancer before it is too late .” Prior to the most recent General Assembly held in July 2009, the Concerned Nazarenes advocated revising the Articles of Faith to affirm biblical inerrancy: “ Old and New Testaments are inerrant throughout and the supreme authority on everything the scriptures teach .” Further, they are concerned about the teaching of open theism and biological evolution in Nazarene universities ; invitations to emergent church leaders Brian McLaren, Leonard Sweet, and Doug Pagitt to speak at Nazarene institutions ; and the use of “ experiential works-based techniques for prayer ”, including prayer labyrinths, prayer stations and retreats to Roman Catholic monasteries.

Prior to January 2010, the size in which hail in a severe thunderstorm would be considered severe was ¾ of an inch ; public complacency due to overly frequent issuances of severe thunderstorm warnings and recent studies stating that hail does not produce damage until it reaches one inch in diameter caused the upgrade.

Prior to the oil crisis of 1973, the members of the Seven Sisters controlled around 85 % of the world's petroleum reserves, but in recent decades the dominance of the companies and their successors has declined as a result of the increasing influence of the OPEC cartel and state-owned oil companies in emerging-market economies.

Prior to becoming an independent authority, ELSTAT was involved in a number of scandals involving false statistics regarding the condition of the Greek economy in recent years.

Prior to 2003, the most recent sighting was in 1999, mainly because it is a nocturnal burrower, living underground, and thus is very rarely seen.

Prior to recent renovations, the attendant-operated lift service was only open from 7am to 7pm on weekdays and Saturdays, 10am-5. 30pm on Sundays, with no service on Christmas Day or Boxing Day ; staff shortages and other problems meant that even during these times the lifts were often unavailable.

Prior to this most recent change, one new ball was used from the start of the innings, then swapped in the 34th over with a " reconditioned ball ", which was neither new nor too dirty to see.

Prior to 1951, Cerf was an occasional panelist on the NBC game show, Who Said That ?, in which celebrities try to determine the speaker of quotations taken from recent news reports.

Prior to the most recent glaciation — the Laurentide — an earlier river flowed through a gorge roughly parallel to the current Grand River.

Prior to the construction of the dam, these areas were only fully flooded in very wet years, the most recent of which occurred in 1967.

Prior to its most recent closure in the fall of 2010, the resort boasted several chairlifts, including one high-speed detachable quad, as well as a hotel, condominiums and a large base lodge.

Prior to her recent pregnancy, he helped Carnie lose 50 pounds ( which she regained during the pregnancy ) and plans to slim her down again as part of the show.

Prior to Heuston's recent upgrade, there were five terminal platforms.

Prior to the most recent activity, the island was reached by boat from the mainland from nearby Bogia.

Prior to the recent development of stereotactic body radiosurgery, the best alternative was standard external beam radiotherapy.

Prior to the most recent rebuild the Nuttall Street Stand was renewed back in 1984 after a fire in the summer months, this was two banks of executive boxes.

Prior to the standardization of rapid radiosity calculation, some graphic artists used a technique referred to loosely as false radiosity by darkening areas of texture maps corresponding to corners, joints and recesses, and applying them via self-illumination or diffuse mapping for scanline rendering.

Prior to the mid-90s different platforms had used various custom solutions, but SGI's power in the graphics market, combined with the efforts of the OpenGL Architecture Review Board ( ARB ), led to the rapid standardization of OpenGL across the majority of the graphics workstation market.

Prior to standardization, some of the Ohio Lands were surveyed into townships of five miles ( 8 km ) on each side.

Prior to standardization in this area, there were overlapping standards, or ad hoc approaches where there was a functional gap and no standard.

Prior to the standardization of HE AAC v2 by MPEG, Coding Technologies submitted the combination of HE-AAC v1 coupled with Parametric Stereo under the name Enhanced AAC +.