* Puabi of Ur was a Semitic Akkadian queen or a priestess.

The fact that Puabi, herself a Semitic Akkadian, was an important figure among Sumerians, indicates a high degree of cultural exchange and influence between the ancient Sumerians and their Semitic neighbors.

* Puabi was a NIN, a Semitic Akkadian priestess in the 26th century BCE.

Seals from the royal cemetery at Ur have also been found bearing the names of Mesannepada and his predecessors Meskalamdug and Akalamdug, along with Queen Puabi.

British archaeologist Leonard Woolley discovered the tomb of Puabi, which was excavated by his team along with some 1800 other graves at the " Royal Cemetery of Ur " between 1922 and 1934.

* c. 2685 BC: Bull lyre, from the tomb of Queen Puabi, Ur ( modern Muqaiyir, Iraq ) was made.

* c. 2685 BC: Bull lyre, from the tomb of Queen Puabi, Ur ( modern Muqaiyir, Iraq ) was made.

At the Sumerian Royal Cemetery of Ur, a " complete rubble dome built over a timber centring " was found among the chambers of the tombs for Meskalamdug and Puabi, dating to around 2500 BC.

* The Lyres of Ur is the tomb of Puabi

ca: Puabi

The finds included the unlooted tomb of a queen thought to be Queen Puabi — the name is known from a cylinder seal found in the tomb, although there were two other different and unnamed seals found in the tomb.

The Akkadian name, Nabû-kudurri-uṣur, means " O god Nabu, preserve / defend my firstborn son ".

Tiglath-Pileser III ( from the Hebraic form of Akkadian: Tukultī-apil-Ešarra, " my trust is in the son of Esharra ") was a prominent king of Assyria in the eighth century BC ( ruled 745 – 727 BC )< ref >

By his wife Ninlil or Sud, Enlil was father of the moon god Nanna / Suen ( in Akkadian, Sin ) and of Ninurta ( also called Ningirsu ).

In Sumerian and Akkadian mythology Hanbi or Hanpa ( more commonly known in western text ) was the father of the more well known Pazuzu.

He was vanquished by the heroic Akkadian deity Ninurta, using Sharur, his enchanted talking mace, after seeking the counsel of his father, the god Enlil.

Tiglath-Pileser II ( from the Hebraic form of Akkadian Tukultī-apil-Ešarra ) was King of Assyria from 967 BCE, when he succeeded his father Ashur-resh-ishi II until his death in 935 BCE, when he was succeeded by his son Ashur-dan II.

He has been identified with the Akkadian god Enlil, the West Semitic god El and the Hurrian father god Kumarbi.

Lugalbanda is also named as the father of Gilgamesh, a later king of Uruk, in both Sumerian and Akkadian versions of the Epic of Gilgamesh.

The derivation must then have been secondary for the initial ayin to be confused with an aleph ( both represented by vowels in Akkadian ), and the second consonant descended as a / s / ( like in the Aramaic asthr " bright star "), rather than a / sh / as in Hebrew and most commonly in Akkadian.

Sargon is an Assyrian name, originally Šarru-kin ( Akkadian: " the true King " or " the legitimate King "), which may refer to:

Akkadian Atrahasis (" extremely wise ") and Utnapishtim (" he found life "), as well as biblical Noah (" rest ") are similar heroes of flood legends of the ancient Near East.

As a byname we find Aramaic rmn, Old South Arabic rmn, Hebrew rmwn, Akkadian Rammānu (" Thunderer "), presumably originally vocalized as Ramān in Aramaic and Hebrew.

The name may be a corruption of Hebrew Shene neharot (" two rivers "), Hebrew Shene arim (" two cities "), or Akkadian Sumeru ( from the Sumerians ' name for Sumer, which meant perhaps " land of the civilized lords " or " native land ").

Marcheshvan ( Hebrew: מ ַ ר ְ ח ֶ ש ְׁ ו ָ ן, ; from Akkadian waraḫsamnu, literally " eighth month "), sometimes shortened to Cheshvan ( Hebrew: ח ֶ ש ְׁ ו ָ ן, ), is the second month of the civil year ( which starts on 1 Tishrei ) and the eighth month of the ecclesiastical year ( which starts on 1 Nisan ) on the Hebrew calendar.

Given the Akkadian etymology, it seems likely the מ and the ו were switched at some point in time, since y-r-ḥ is the Semitic root for " moon " ( and thus also " month "), and š-m-n is the Semitic root for " eight ".

Enheduanna ( Akkadian: ; 2285-2250 BCE ), also transliterated as Enheduana, En-hedu-ana or EnHeduAnna (" en " means High Priestess, and " hedu " means adornment, so this name translates to " high priestess adornment of the god, An "), was an Akkadian princess as well as High Priestess of the Moon god Nanna ( Sin ) in the Sumerian city-state of Ur.

Ashima was a West Semitic goddess of fate related to the Akkadian goddess Shimti (" fate "), who was a goddess in her own right but also a title of other goddesses such as Damkina and Ishtar.

Another theory is that Shaddai is a derivation of a Semitic stem that appears in the Akkadian shadû (" mountain ") and shaddā ` û or shaddû ` a (" mountain-dweller "), one of the names of Amurru.

From the 15th century BC, Elamite rulers at Susa began using the title " King of Anshan and Susa " ( in Akkadian texts, the toponyms are reversed, as " King of Susa and Anshan "), and it seems probable that Anshan and Susa were in fact unified for much of the " Middle Elamite period ".

The Hebrew name Gomer is widely considered to refer to the Cimmerians ( Akkadian Gimirru, " complete "), who dwelt on the Eurasian Steppes and attacked Assyria in the late 7th century BC.

W. F. Albright, for example, says that El Shaddai is a derivation of a Semitic stem that appears in the Akkadian shadû (" mountain ") and shaddā ` û or shaddû ` a (" mountain-dweller "), one of the names of Amurru.

Naram-Sin also recorded the Akkadian conquest of Ebla as well as Armanum and its king.

It has also been recently suggested that the rapid climatic collapse, marking the Akkadian Dark Age, may have been responsible for the religiously prescribed prohibition against the raising and consumption of pigs that spread through the Ancient Middle East from the end of the third millennium BC.

A cadastral survey seems also to have been instituted, and one of the documents relating to it states that a certain Uru-Malik, whose name appears to indicate his Canaanite origin, was governor of the land of the Amorites, or Amurru as the semi-nomadic people of Syria and Canaan were called in Akkadian.

The ancient Assyrians also used the Sumerian language in their literature and liturgy, although to a more limited extent in the Middle-and Neo-Assyrian periods, when Akkadian became the main literary language.

The Etruscans coming from northern Anatolia also worshipped Apollo, and it may be that he was originally identical with Mesopotamian Aplu, an Akkadian title meaning " son ", originally given to the plague God Nergal, son of Enlil.

Of his cult at Eridu, which goes back to the oldest period of Mesopotamian history, nothing definite is known except that his temple was also associated with Ninhursag's temple which was called Esaggila, " the lofty head house " ( E, house, sag, head, ila, high ; or Akkadian goddess = Ila ), a name shared with Marduk's temple in Babylon, pointing to a staged tower or ziggurat ( as with the temple of Enlil at Nippur, which was known as E-kur ( kur, hill )), and that incantations, involving ceremonial rites in which water as a sacred element played a prominent part, formed a feature of his worship.

The pool of the Abzu at the front of his temple was adopted also at the temple to Nanna ( Akkadian Sin ) the Moon, at Ur, and spread from there throughout the Middle East.

The Old Persian form is also seen to have been reflected in the Elamite, Akkadian, Aramaic and archaizing drywhwš, and possibly the longer Greek form Dareiaîos.

The letters are written in the official and diplomatic Akkadian language of Assyria and Babylonia, though " Canaanitish " words and idioms are also in evidence.

Akkadian ( lišānum akkadītum, ak. kADû ) ( also Accadian, Assyro-Babylonian ) is an extinct Semitic language ( part of the greater Afroasiatic language family ) that was spoken in ancient Mesopotamia.

Native Sumerian rule re-emerged for about a century in the Third Dynasty of Ur ( Sumerian Renaissance ) of the 21st to 20th centuries BC, but Akkadian also continued in use.

Phonetic complements also indicated the Akkadian nominative and genitive cases.

It is also used ( as in Akkadian ), for the ancient country of Elam in what is now southern Iran, whose people the Hebrews believed to be the offspring of Elam, son of Shem.

Ashkelon ( also Ashqelon and Ascalon ; ; ; Latin: Ascalonia ; Akkadian: Isqalluna ) is a coastal city in the South District of Israel on the Mediterranean coast, south of Tel Aviv, and north of the border with the Gaza Strip.

It has also been argued that an / o / phoneme might have existed, a fact that would have been concealed by the Akkadian transliteration which does not distinguish it from / u /.

The main features distinguishing Moabite from fellow Canaanite languages such as Hebrew are: a plural in-în rather than-îm ( e. g. mlkn " kings " for Biblical Hebrew məlākîm ), like Aramaic and Arabic ; retention of the feminine ending-at which Biblical Hebrew reduces to-āh ( e. g. qryt " town ", Biblical Hebrew qiryāh ) but retains in the construct state nominal form ( e. g. qiryát yisrael " town of Israel "); and retention of a verb form with infixed-t -, also found in Arabic and Akkadian ( w -’ ltḥm " I began to fight ", from the root lḥm.

There are also Akkadian translations of earlier Sumerian works such as the Instructions of Shuruppak which are often considered belonging to this tradition.

This tablet is mainly an Akkadian translation of an earlier Sumerian poem, Gilgamesh and the Netherworld ( also known as " Gilgamesh, Enkidu, and the Netherworld " and variants ), although it has been suggested that it is derived from an unknown version of that story.

In Akkadian, Adad is also known as Ramman (" Thunderer ") cognate with Aramaic Rimmon which was a byname of the Aramaic Hadad.

The cognate Akkadian god Adad is also often called the son of Anu (" Sky ").

Some of the earlier works from before the Akkadian conquest are also extremely interesting, in particular Eannatum's Stele of the Vultures and Entemena's great silver vase ornamented with Ningirsu's sacred animal Anzu: a lion-headed eagle with wings outspread, grasping a lion in each talon.

The Babylonians, who were famous for their astronomical observations and calculations ( aided by their invention of the abacus ), used a sexagesimal ( base-60 ) positional numeral system inherited from the Sumerian and also Akkadian civilizations.

In the Akkadian languages, the " predicative " ( also called the " permansive " or " stative ") is a set of pronominal inflections used to convert noun stems into effective sentences, so that the form šarrāku is a single word more or less equivalent to either of the sentences šarrum anāku " I am king " or šarratum anāku " I am queen ".

It is also used to transliterate Akkadian, Hittite cuneiform, and Egyptian hieroglyphs.