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Pure and Land
In March 1940 Jinnah passed what would come to be known as the “ Pakistan Resolution ,” declaring “ Muslims are a nation according to any definition of a nation, and they must have their homelands, their territory and their State .” This state was to be known as Pakistan, meaning “ Land of the Pure .” Nehru angrily declared that “ all the old problems ... pale into insignificance before the latest stand taken by the Muslim League leader in Lahore .” Linlithgow made Nehru an offer on 8 October 1940.
In the Pure Land school, for example, Guanyin is frequently depicted on the left of Amitabha Buddha, while on the buddha's right is another bodhisattva called Mahasthamaprapta ( Dàshìzhì ).
In Pure Land Buddhism, Guanyin is described as the " Barque of Salvation ".
Along with Amitabha Buddha and the bodhisattva Mahasthamaprapta, She temporarily liberates beings out of the Wheel of Samsara into the Pure Land, where they will have the chance to accrue the necessary merit so as to be a Buddha in one lifetime.
Category: Pure Land Buddhism
* 1175: Hōnen Shōnin ( Genkū ) founds the Jōdo shū ( Pure Land ) sect of Buddhism.
* The Pure Land school of Buddhism founds a monastery upon the top of Mount Lushan.
* The Chinese Buddhist monk Huiyuan, who founded the Pure Land Buddhism sect and the monastery on Mount Lushan, writes the book On Why Monks Do Not Bow Down Before Kings in this year.
* Kuya, Japanese monk of Pure Land Buddhism ( b. 903 ).
* Hōnen, founder of Jodo Shu, a branch of Pure Land Buddhism ( b. 1133 )
* Hōnen, Japanese founder of Pure Land Buddhism ( d. 1212 )
* Shinran Shonin, Japanese founder of the Jodo Shinshu branch of Pure Land Buddhism
* Kuya, Japanese monk of Pure Land Buddhism ( d. 972 ).
In the United States, Pure Land priests of the Japanese diaspora serve a role very similar to Protestant ministers of the Christian tradition.
Mandalas have sometimes been used in Pure Land Buddhism to graphically represent Pure Lands, based on descriptions found in the Larger Sutra and the Contemplation Sutra.
Instead, it provides a visual pictorial of the Pure Land texts, and is used as a teaching aid.
The monks of the Buddhist True Pure Land sect formed numerous Ikkō-ikki, the most successful of which, in Kaga Province, remained independent for nearly 100 years.
Amitābha is the principal buddha in the Pure Land sect, a branch of Buddhism practiced mainly in East Asia, while in Vajrayana Amitābha is known for his longevity attribute and the aggregate of distinguishing ( recognition ) and the deep awareness of individualities.
In the versions of the sutra widely known in China, Vietnam, Korea and Japan, Dharmakāra's eighteenth vow was that any being in any universe desiring to be born into Amitābha's Pure Land and calling upon his name even as few as ten times will be guaranteed rebirth there.
This openness and acceptance of all kinds of people has made the Pure Land belief one of the major influences in Mahāyāna Buddhism.
Pure Land Buddhism seems to have first become popular in northwest India / Pakistan and Afghanistan, from where it spread to Central Asia and China.
Through his efforts, Amitābha created the " Pure Land " ( 净土, Chinese: jìngtŭ ; Japanese: jōdo ; Vietnamese: tịnh độ ) called Sukhāvatī ( Sanskrit: " possessing happiness ").
After the Amitabha doctrine, one can come to paradise ( in the Pure Land of Amitābha ), if they visualize at their death Amitābha in the heaven ( sun ) over their head ( western horizon ), think his name as a mantra and leave the body as a soul through the crown chakra.
Khalistan movement refers to a global political secessionist movement which seeks to create a separate Sikh state, called Khālistān (, " The Land of the Pure ") in the Punjab region of South Asia.

Pure and Buddhism
Another form of Buddhism known as Jodo-kyo, or Pure Land Buddhism, arrived in the Kamakura period.
following his stay there he studied Pure Land Buddhism under Shōkū, whereafter he joined the Daruma school of Nōnin by then led by Kakuan.
Pure Land Buddhism (;, Jōdo bukkyō ; Korean:, jeongtojong ; Vietnamese: ), also referred to as Amidism in English, is a broad branch of Mahāyāna Buddhism and currently one of the most popular traditions of Buddhism in East Asia.
Pure Land is a branch of Buddhism focused on Amitābha Buddha.
The term is used to describe both the Pure Land soteriology of Mahāyāna Buddhism, which may be better understood as Pure Land traditions, and the separate Pure Land sects that developed in Japan ; in other countries and times, it formed part of the basis of Mahāyāna Buddhist traditions.

Pure and emphasizes
Cassirer argues that while Kant's " Critique of Pure Reason " emphasizes human temporality and finitude, he also sought to situate human cognition within a broader conception of humanity.
Pure mathematics focuses on the existence and uniqueness of solutions, while applied mathematics emphasizes the rigorous justification of the methods for approximating solutions.
Kant was disappointed by the poor reception of the Critique of Pure Reason, and here he repeatedly emphasizes the importance of its critical project for the very existence of metaphysics as a science.

Pure and role
It is because he takes into account the role of people's cognitive faculties in structuring the known and knowable world that in the second preface to the Critique of Pure Reason Kant compares his critical philosophy to Copernicus ' revolution in astronomy.
Furthermore, much like the nianfo path of Amitabha, the name of Medicine Buddha is also recited for the benefit of being reborn in the Eastern Pure Lands, though this is deemphasized in favor of the Medicine Buddha's role for the living.
" For most of the band's last decade, Mike Musburger filled this role, but other Fastbacks drummers before him ( or when he took occasional breaks ) included Bloch himself, Richard Stuverud ( perhaps best known from War Babies, Fifth Angel and Three Fish, side project of Pearl Jam's Jeff Ament ), Nate Johnson and Rusty Willoughby ( both of whom also played in both Flop and Pure Joy ), John Moen ( of the Dharma Bums, later of Steven Malkmus's Jicks and The Decemberists ), Jason Finn ( of the Presidents of the United States of America ), Dan Peters of Mudhoney, and Tad Hutchison of the Young Fresh Fellows.
James assumed the role of producer starting with his Pure CD in 2003.
Mahāsthāmaprāpta is one of the oldest bodhisattvas and is regarded as powerful, especially in the Pure Land school, where he takes an important role in the long Sutra of Infinite Life.
His final role was that of grizzled family patriarch and rancher Ernest Tucker in the 1992 film Pure Country.
Harry Eden ( born 1 March 1990 ) is an English actor who won a British Independent Film Award in 2003 for Most Promising Newcomer for his role in Pure.

Pure and Amitabha
Two mural panels depicting The Pure Land of Amitabha held at the Birmingham Museum of Art
* Amitabha Pure Land Web ( in English )
Another Hossō scholar, Jōkei was among Hōnen's toughest critics, and frequently sought to refute his teachings, while simultaneously striving to make Buddhism more accessible to a wider audience as Hōnen by reviving devotion to Maitreya Bodhisattva and teaching followers the benefits of rebirth in the Tusita Heaven, rather than the Pure Land of Amitabha.
Instead the Pure Land School of Buddhism encouraged its practitioners to rely on the vow of the Buddha Amitabha ( Sanskrit, Amida in Japanese ) to save all beings from suffering.
According to three particular sutras Amitabha vowed to ensure that anyone who chanted his name would be reborn in his Pure Land of Sukhavati ( Sanskrit, lit.
Pure Land texts describe the origins and nature of the Western Pure Land in which the Buddha Amitabha resides.
They list the forty-eight vows made by Amitabha as a bodhisattva by which he undertook to build a Pure Land where beings are able to practise the Dharma without difficulty or distraction.
These Pure Land sutras and the practices they recommend became the foundations of Pure Land Buddhism, which focus on the salvific power of faith in the vows of Amitabha.
This period saw the introduction of the two schools that had perhaps the greatest impact on the country: ( 1 ) the Amidist Pure Land schools, promulgated by evangelists such as Genshin and articulated by monks such as Hōnen, which emphasize salvation through faith in Amitabha and remain the largest Buddhist sect in Japan ( and throughout Asia ); and ( 2 ) the more philosophical Zen schools, promulgated by monks such as Eisai and Dogen, which emphasize liberation through the insight of meditation, which were equally rapidly adopted by the upper classes and had a profound impact on Japanese culture.
In Pure Land Buddhism, it is used when chanting the name of Amitabha.
In Sino-Japanese Buddhism, Vairocana was gradually superseded as an object of reverence by Amitabha Buddha, due in large part to the increasing popularity of Pure Land Buddhism, but Vairocana's legacy still remains in the Tōdai-ji temple with its massive bronze statue and in Shingon Buddhism, which holds a sizeable minority among Japanese Buddhists.
There are three major sutras that fall into this category: the Infinite Life Sutra, also known as the Larger Pure Land Sutra ; the Amitabha Sutra, also known as the Smaller Pure Land Sutra ; and the Contemplation Sutra, or Visualization, Sutra.
These texts describe the origins and nature of the Western Pure Land in which the Buddha Amitabha resides.
They list the forty-eight vows made by Amitabha as a bodhisattva by which he undertook to build a Pure Land where beings are able to practise the Dharma without difficulty or distraction.
These Pure Land sutras and the practices they recommend became the foundations of Pure Land Buddhism, which focus on the salvific power of faith in the vows of Amitabha.

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