In effect, Putnam demonstrates that the state of being an envatted brain is invisible and indescribable from within, but it is unclear that this semantic victory goes far to address the problem in relation to knowledge.

Ultimately, it failed to solve many of the problems with which it was centrally concerned, and after the Second World War, its doctrines increasingly came under attack by thinkers such as Nelson Goodman, Willard Van Orman Quine, J. L. Austin, Peter Strawson, Hilary Putnam, and Richard Rorty.

At Yale, he participated in the William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition and was on the team representing Yale University ( along with Murray Gerstenhaber and Henry O. Pollak ) that won the second prize in 1947.

Putnam ’ s activities with the American Library Association led him to join with Justin Winsor and Melvil Dewey as official delegates to the International Conference of Librarians in London in 1897 When Winsor died shortly thereafter, Putnam served the remainder of his term as President of the ALA.

John Russell Young died in January 1899, and “ President William McKinley found himself faced with the responsibility of appointing a Librarian of Congress who should preside over the affairs of the institution whose building had been completed but years ago .” President McKinley requested Herbert Putnam to be appointed to the task, and Putnam was officially confirmed to the duties of Librarian of Congress on December 12, 1899.

Although Putnam ’ s administration would need time in order to collect, organize, and disseminate all of the material within the Library of Congress ’ collection, the task was completed with enormous success.

In July 1916, “ former LC staff member Elizabeth West, director of the Carnegie Library of San Antonio, Texas, suggested to Putnam that the Library of Congress cooperate with other libraries to send books to American soldiers .”

But with so much invested in buildings, little money remained for books or administration … Putnam took the matter up directly with the War Department and obtained assurances that the government would provide utilities.

It was clear Putnam was not willing to withdraw completely from the world of librarianship, stating “ I would willingly surrender the administration, if that course would serve the interest of the library and I could feel assured as to my successor .” Putnam provided the suggestion of “ Librarian Emeritus ” be developed as his new official title, with an honorarium of one-half of his original salary.

On October 1, 1939, Putnam retired as the 8th Librarian of Congress with that title, and he “ continued to contribute to the Library, keeping regular office hours for the next 15 years .”

This argument, associated with Willard Quine and Hilary Putnam, is considered by Stephen Yablo to be one of the most challenging arguments in favor of the acceptance of the existence of abstract mathematical entities, such as numbers and sets.

The County shares its northern boundary with Putnam County and its southern boundary with New York City.

In 1938, outside scientists including H. Houston Merritt and Tracy Putnam discovered phenytoin's usefulness for controlling seizures, without the sedative effects associated with phenobarbital.

In the 1990s, this office moved from 200 Madison Avenue ( a building it shared with Putnam Publishing ) to 198 Madison Avenue, which was the former B. Altman Company headquarters.

In his Twin Earth thought experiment, Hilary Putnam asks us to imagine a scenario in which there is a substance with all of the observable properties of water ( e. g., taste, color, boiling point ), but which is chemically different from water.

Israel Putnam ( January 7, 1718 – May 29, 1790 ) was an American army general and Freemason who fought with distinction at the Battle of Bunker Hill ( 1775 ) during the American Revolutionary War ( 1775 – 1783 ).

According to oral tradition, Putnam in his youth killed the last wolf in Connecticut with the help of a group of farmers from Mortlake.

The tradition describes Putnam crawling into a den with a torch, a musket, and his feet secured with rope, in order to be quickly pulled out.

At the end of his four years there were 10 branches, 5 minor branches, called ‘ reading rooms ,’ and 56 deposit stations … the library grew from a total of 610, 375 volumes at the close of 1894 to 716, 050 at the close of 1898 .” Another contribution made by Putnam towards the Boston Public Library was the addition of a room devoted to juveniles, “ believed to have been the first room wholly devoted to the service of children in any of the larger libraries of the country .”

Putnam County is divided into these four townships: Granville, Hennepin, and Magnolia on the east side of the Illinois River, and Senachwine on the west.

The name came up in conversation with the novelist John Clellon Holmes who published an early Beat Generation novel, Go ( 1952 ), along with a manifesto in The New York Times Magazine: " This Is the Beat Generation " In 1954, Nolan Miller published his third novel, Why I Am So Beat ( Putnam ), detailing the weekend parties of four students.

* Putnam Science Academy has entered and won the Connecticut Science Olympiad for four years in a row ( 2004 – 2005, 2005 – 2006, 2006 – 2007, and 2007 – 2008 ).

Putnam High School's athletic programs, nicknamed the Clippers, have captured four Connecticut Interscholastic Athletic Conference State Championships in several sports.

In Our Past, Their Present: Historical Essays on Putnam County Indiana, John J. Baughman writes, " On Monday, October 23, 1933, four armed men entered the Central National Bank of Greencastle and escaped with $ 74, 782. 09.

Milwaukie is served by the North Clackamas School District and most children attend one of ten public elementary schools, four middle public middle schools, Rex Putnam High School, Milwaukie High School, and New Urban High School.

On August 9, 1776, he was promoted to be one of the four new major generals and was put in command of the Continental Army troops on Long Island ; he chose the place for fortifications, and built the redoubts and entrenchments of Fort Putnam ( the site of current day Fort Greene Park ) east of Brooklyn Heights.

Students are not allowed to participate in the Putnam Competition more than four times.

This makes it even more of a remarkable feat to become a Putnam Fellow four times.

In the history of Competition, only eight students have been Putnam Fellows four times, with nineteen others winning the award three times.

The Albion College Science Complex comprises four academic buildings: Norris Hall, Kresge Hall, Putnam Hall, and Palenske Hall, which house the Departments of Biology, Chemistry, Geology, Physics, Mathematics and Computer Science.

All four levels of Putnam Hall feature faculty and staff offices, with the third floor home to chemistry faculty offices, second floor home to biology and computer science offices, and the first floor home to the main building office.

Raney pointed out to the detractors that, “ MacLeish was a lawyer like Putnam ... he was equally at home in the arts as one of the four leading American poets now alive ... and while it was true that he had not attended a professional school of library science, neither had thirty-four of thirty-seven persons presently occupying executive positions at the Library of Congress .” The main Republican arguments against MacLeish ’ s nomination from within Congress was: that he was a poet and was a “ fellow traveler ” or sympathetic to communist causes.

Putnam considers the argument in the two last sections as independent of the first four, and at the same time as Putnam criticizes Quine, he also emphasizes his historical importance as the first top rank philosopher to both reject the notion of apriority and sketch a methodology without it.

Cromwell was survived by his four siblings, including Opal Radabaugh Putnam.

Elkies graduated from Stuyvesant High School in 1982 and went on to Columbia University, where he won the Putnam competition at the age of sixteen years and four months, making him one of the youngest Putnam Fellows in history.

He wrote to Henry Gibson, director of Camp Becket-in-the-Berkshires, where Putnam had been a camper and counsellor, " Can you imagine anyone falling 20, 000 feet, nearly four miles, smashing a machine to kindling wood and only getting a broken tooth out of it all?

Unfavorable winds slowed their progress, and four ships ( Montgomery, Delaware, Arnold, and Putnam ) were burned to prevent their capture.

This will reduce the number of Senators from Kanawha County from four to three, as one of the 8th's must be a resident of Putnam.

Gabriel earned a place among the five top ranked competitors ( who are themselves not ranked against each other ) in the William Lowell Putnam Competition all four years that he was eligible ( 2000 – 2003 ), a feat matched by only seven others ( Don Coppersmith ( 1968 – 1971 ), Arthur Rubin ( 1970 – 1973 ), Bjorn Poonen ( 1985 – 1988 ), Ravi Vakil ( 1988 – 1991 ), Reid W. Barton ( 2001 – 2004 ), and Daniel Kane ( 2003 – 2006 ), Bryan R. Lawrence ( 2007 – 08, 2010 – 11 )).

His mother, Maria Louisa Putnam Bellamy, was herself the daughter of a Baptist minister named Benjamin Putnam, a man forced to withdraw from the ministry in Salem, Massachusetts, following objections to him becoming a Freemason.

American philosopher Hilary Putnam popularized the modern terminology over Descartes's " evil demon ," although it brings up such complications and objections as whether the mind is reducible to the workings of a brain.