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# REDIRECT Isotopes of nitrogen # Nitrogen-14
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# and REDIRECT
# and Isotopes
# and nitrogen
# Absorption: oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide can diffuse into the epidermis in small amounts ; some animals use their skin as their sole respiration organ ( in humans, the cells comprising the outermost 0. 25 – 0. 40 mm of the skin are " almost exclusively supplied by external oxygen ", although the " contribution to total respiration is negligible ")
# Biological fixation: some symbiotic bacteria ( most often associated with leguminous plants ) and some free-living bacteria are able to fix nitrogen as organic nitrogen.
# Industrial N-fixation: Under great pressure, at a temperature of 600 C, and with the use of an iron catalyst, hydrogen ( usually derived from natural gas or petroleum ) and atmospheric nitrogen can be combined to form ammonia ( NH < sub > 3 </ sub >) in the Haber-Bosch process which is used to make fertilizer and explosives.
# Combustion of fossil fuels: automobile engines and thermal power plants, which release various nitrogen oxides ( NO < sub > x </ sub >).
# Other processes: In addition, the formation of NO from N < sub > 2 </ sub > and O < sub > 2 </ sub > due to photons and especially lightning, can fix nitrogen.
# Bacterial ( E. coli ) DNA is grown in a media containing heavy nitrogen ( N15 ) through many cell divisions.
# Soil surface: cover crops to retain soil and lessen erosion, along with green manures to add nutrients and organic matter to the soil, especially nitrogen
# industrial production of nitrogen by the Haber Process uses hydrogen, which is currently derived from natural gas, ( but this hydrogen could instead be made by electrolysis of water using electricity ( perhaps from solar cells or windmills )) or
# genetically engineering ( non-legume ) crops to form nitrogen-fixing symbioses or fix nitrogen without microbial symbionts.
# The resulting benzodiazepin-4-oxide undergoes acetylation by acetic anhydride at the secondary nitrogen atom, and is further hydrolyzed by hydrochloric acid into 7-chloro-5 -( 2 ′- chlorophenyl )- 1, 2-dihydro-3H-1, 4-benzodiazepin-2-on-4-oxide.
# Reduction of nitrogen oxides to nitrogen and oxygen: 2NO < sub > x </ sub > → xO < sub > 2 </ sub > + N < sub > 2 </ sub >
# Ability to be stored and operated at relatively high temperatures, eliminating the need for liquid nitrogen cooling.
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